Objective. The present study was aimed at assessing the impact of teledentistry, its application, and trends in uplifting dental practice and clinical care around the world. Material and Methods. The present observational study comprised of an electronic survey distributed among dental professionals around the globe. The validated survey form consisted of a total 26 questions with 5‐point Likert scale response. The questionnaire used was divided into four domains: usefulness of teledentistry for patients, its usefulness in dental practice, its capacity to improve the existing practice, and the concerns attached to its use. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS‐25. ANOVA test was used to assess the effect of independent variables on dependent variables. A p value of ≤0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results. A total of 506 dental professionals participated in the study with the response rate of 89.39%. More than half of the participants (50‐75%) endorsed that teledentistry is a useful tool for improving clinical practice as well as patient care. Two‐thirds of the participants (69.96%) considered that teledentistry would reduce cost for the dental practices. On the other hand, about 50‐70% of dental professionals expressed their concerns regarding the security of the data and consent of patients. The most preferred communication tool for teledentistry was reported to be videoconference followed by phone. The majority of participants recommended the use of teledentistry in the specialty of oral medicine, operative dentistry, and periodontics. There was a significant difference between the age, experience of dentists, and their qualifications with domains of teledentistry. Conclusions. The overall impact of dental professionals towards teledentistry was positive with adequate willingness to incorporate this modality in their clinical practice. However, the perceived concerns pertaining to teledentistry are significant impediments towards its integration within the oral health system. An in‐depth study of its business model and cost‐benefit needs of time, especially in the context of developing countries, in order to avail the optimum benefits of teledentistry.

The mucocele is the most common minor salivary gland associated disease of the oral cavity. It is also considered one of the most common biopsied oral lesions in pediatric patients. In recent years, extensive evidence has been published about the usage of lasers in treating mucoceles in pediatric patients. The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of laser irradiation in the treatment of pediatric mucocele. An electronic search of databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar) was carried out in order to identify all relevant articles using a combination of the following keywords: “Pediatric”, “Oral”, “Mucocele”, “Dental”, “Oral Medicine”, “Soft Dental Lasers”, “Hard Dental Lasers”, and “Lasers,” for all case reports, case series, case-control and cohort studies published from 2007 to 2021. After limiting the search results, removing duplicate titles, and eligibility evaluation, 17 papers were enrolled in the study. Out of the total studies included, 10 articles were related to the diode (635 nm, 808 nm, 810 nm, and 980 nm), 5 to CO₂ (10,600 nm), 3 to Er, Cr: YSGG (2780 nm), and 1 involving KTP lasers (532 nm). All studies indicated successful clinical results on mucocele excision with better intra- and post-operative indicators. The general characteristics and outcomes were summarized, and the quality of the studies was assessed using CARE guidelines in this systematic review. The reduction or absence of pain and bleeding, hemostasis, reduced operating time, minimal analgesic consumption, and an antibacterial effect were among the advantages of laser irradiation in the included studies. The laser has proven itself to play an effective role in the treatment of oral mucocele in paediatric patients.

Dental implants are prosthetic devices that are surgically placed in direct contact with the jawbone to support intra-oral functions and esthetics. Diabetes mellitus may contribute to peri-implant bone loss. During the last few years, there have been attempts to reduce this bone loss and improve the survival rate of implants. Metformin, an anti-diabetic drug known for its osteogenic properties, is thought to prevent peri-implant bone loss in diabetic patients. Although several studies have been conducted to study metformin's effect on diabetic and non-diabetic study models, no systematic review has analyzed and summarized these studies critically. Therefore, the objectives of this systematic review were to summarize the outcomes of these studies and critically appraise them. Seven studies were included in this systematic review. Four studies used only animal models, two used both animal and cell culture models, and one used only cell culture studies. The general characteristics and outcomes of the included studies were summarized, and Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines were used to assess the quality of the animal studies. In vitro studies indicate that metformin may induce stem cells to undergo osteoblastic differentiation to produce a higher amount of bone and may also improve osseointegration. Nevertheless, several studies had potential sources of bias. Therefore, it is recommended that emphasis be placed on increasing the quality of future animal studies and human trials to determine the effects of metformin on the osseointegration of dental implants. Future studies are needed with adequate follow-up to evaluate the efficacy of metformin in improving the osseointegration of dental implants.

Periodontitis is a widespread chronic inflammatory disease driven by host–microbial interactions and immune dysregulation, often resulting in alveolar bone loss and systemic complications. Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles enriched with microRNAs (miRNAs), have emerged as central modulators of these processes, mediated intercellular communication, and influenced inflammation, immunity, tissue homeostasis, and host–pathogen interactions in the periodontal microenvironment. Existing literature has identified their diagnostic relevance; however, a comprehensive framework connecting molecular mechanisms to clinical applications remains lacking. This narrative review proposes an integrative conceptual framework that illustrates the progression from exosomal miRNA biogenesis to their regulatory roles in periodontal disease, linking microbial triggers, immune modulation, and their emerging clinical relevance. We trace the molecular footprints of these exosomal miRNAs, particularly miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-223, and assess their dynamic roles as both biomarkers and regulatory agents in inflammation and tissue remodeling. Recent analytical advances, including systems biology, multiomics integration, and network modeling, are examined for their potential to decode complex miRNA-mediated pathways. Integration of transcriptomic, proteomic, and exosomal data is highlighted as a promising approach to enhance mechanistic insights and predictive accuracy. We also evaluate emerging diagnostic and therapeutic applications of exosomal miRNAs, particularly their potential in noninvasive biomarker development and targeted regenerative strategies. Key translational challenges are addressed, including the lack of standardized isolation protocols, interindividual biological variability, and the need for in vivo validation. Future directions should prioritize the development of engineered exosomes for targeted miRNA and anti-inflammatory delivery, alongside exosomal miRNA-based biosensors for real-time, minimally invasive disease monitoring. By bridging molecular footprints with emerging analytical approaches, this review offers a forward-looking perspective on the translational potential of exosomal miRNAs in periodontology, demonstrating their potential in advancing precision diagnostics and targeted therapeutics.

Background/Aim: The ideal treatment of tooth avulsion is replantation. However, replanting teeth may lead to root resorption. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) is a cytokine that plays an important role in wound repair and tissue regeneration. Recently, FGF-2 has been studied a potential regenerative agent to prevent root resorption and ankylosis. The aim of this review is to analyze and summarize the currently available literature focusing on using FGF-2 based regenerative modalities to improve the outcomes of tooth replantation. Materials and Methods: An electronic search was conducted via PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar and ISI Web of Knowledge, using the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms “Basic fibroblast growth factor,” “Fibroblast growth factor-2,” “tooth replantation,” and “replantation” for studies published between January 2001 and June 2021. Data was extracted and quality assessment was carried using the ARRIVE guidelines. Results: Nine animal studies were included in this review. In six studies, FGF-2 had a favorable effect on the tissue regeneration around roots of replanted teeth when compared to other treatment groups. However, quality assessment of the studies revealed many sources of bias and deficiencies in the studies. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it may be concluded that FGF-2 may improve the outcomes of delayed replantation of avulsed teeth. However, more long-term animal studies, with improved experimental designs, and clinical trials are required to determine the clinical potential of the growth factor in improving the outcomes of delayed tooth replantation.

Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) poses a significant health challenge due to its association with restricted mouth opening and an elevated risk of oral cancer. Despite its impact, a lack of well-characterized and validated in vitro models has impeded a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving OSMF progression. Objectives: The primary objective of the present study was to establish and characterize in vitro primary cell line, consisting of fibroblasts, from OSMF biopsy sample. Materials and Methods: The study involved the isolation of fibroblasts from tissue affected by OSMF. Following isolation, the fibroblasts were cultured and passaged, with the process continued up to passage 2. Cell viability and Population Doubling Time calculated cell proliferation, while morphological changes were reported. Immunocytochemistry assessed fibroblast markers (vimentin, β actin, and CD90), and qPCR measured gene expressions (TGFBR-1, COMP, TGM-2, TIMP-1, MMP-7, MMP-9) across passages, comparing with OSMF tissue and control fibroblasts. Results: The in vitro OSMF cell line demonstrated successful isolation, subculturing, and sustained fibroblast proliferation. Population Doubling Time calculations and morphological observations from passages 0 to 2 provided insights into growth patterns. Immunocytochemistry confirmed fibroblast identity through positive expression of vimentin, beta-actin, and CD90. QPCR revealed varied expressions of pathological genes across passages, closely resembling OSMF tissue, while distinct differences were noted as compared to control fibroblasts. Conclusions: The in vitro OSMF primary cell line was developed directly from the patient sample. Validation of this model of oral fibrosis was achieved successfully through genetic and protein characterization therefore, presenting it as a reliable experimental platform for future investigations into OSMF pathogenesis and potential therapeutic interventions. Clinical application: This study provides a validated in vitro model for OSMF, offering a foundation to explore disease mechanisms, identify biomarkers, and develop targeted therapies. By closely mimicking the molecular and cellular characteristics of OSMF, the model facilitates testing of potential treatments, understanding fibrosis-to-cancer transitions, and tailoring personalized interventions. It holds the potential for advancing precision medicine, improving early detection, and guiding regenerative therapies to restore oral function in affected patients.