Making electrical driving systems cheaper, lighter, and more reliable is the consistent pursuit of current research and development. Mono-Inverter Multi-Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor systems tend to share the static converters in electro-mechanical systems by connecting machines in parallel. This type of system has an obvious advantage in overall weight and cost. In this paper, we have proposed a new Maximum Torque Per Ampere (MTPA) control strategy for a MIMPMSM system, which supports three or more machines in parallel and works both in motor mode and brake mode. The calculation of the MTPA point minimizing the overall joule loss of the system is also given. The synchronization condition, stability, and optimal efficiency of the system are strictly proven. This new control structure is simple making current single PMSM systems easy to upgrade to support the MIMPMSM system. The experiment has demonstrated its feasibility, stability, and improvements in efficiency.

Although Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)-aided wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have gained many applications, it is not for long that research works have been produced to define effective algorithms and protocols. In this article, we address the UAV-enabled WSN (U-WSN), explore the performance and the capability of the UAV, define the UAV functionalities as a communication node, and describe the architectures and the relevant typical technologies that emerge from this new paradigm. Furthermore, this article also identifies the main factors which influence the U-WSN design and analyzes the open issues and challenges in U-WSN. These insights may serve as motivations and guidelines for future designs of UAV-enabled WSNs.

The Carbon Sequestration Benefits (CSB) of vegetation and forest have received more and more attention with the increase in CO₂ density in the atmosphere. The evaluation of the CSB of existing vegetation and forest has also become one of the important research topics in urban ecology. In the existing research, the evaluation of CSB methods can be categorized into a two-dimension index and three-dimension index. The two-dimension index mainly focuses on leaf area method and leaf area index method. Additionally, the three-dimension index mostly focuses on the Three-Dimension Green Quantity (3DGQ) method which further includes Approximate Geometry Model (AGM), Point Cloud (PC) method using 3D laser, and Point Cloud Convex Hull Slicing (PCCHS) method, etc. In this paper, we take Shanghai as the study area, and address the top 15 species with each species having 30 trees of the same age from Shanghai to calculate the average annual CSB of the 15 species using the two-dimension index and three-dimension index. Through this, we analyze the difference of the same species in different indexes in the same categories and in different categories. The research results provide a research basis for the in-depth exploration of the three-dimensional spatial pattern of urban green space and ecological benefit evaluation.

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have garnered more attention across various industries in recent years, leading to significant development in their design and application globally. Due to the high coupling between UAV states, model uncertainties, and various disturbances, precise longitudinal control of UAVs remains a significant research challenge. Oriented for the speed and altitude control of an electrical-powered fixed-wing UAV, this paper introduces a new control strategy based on the fuzzy guaranteed cost control (F-GCC) technique, which results in a nonlinear longitudinal state feedback control law with strict stability criterion, effectively addressing the issue of state coupling. Moreover, the strategy also includes a thrust estimation model of the electrical propulsion system to significantly reduce the nonlinearity, simplifying the controller design while effectively preserving tracking control performance. Through numerical validation, the UAV longitudinal nonlinear controller designed using the F-GCC technique offers better transient response and stronger robustness than the traditional linear and ADRC controllers.

To provide an excellent operation environment for micro-precise instruments in a narrow space with strict restrictions on weight, this study proposes a small-scale vibration isolation system with six-dimensional quasi-zero stiffness (QZS), consisting of at least three non-collinear fulcrums with three-dimensional QZS. The response characteristics of the QZS fulcrum, including the transfer rates, its stability, and convergence speed, are investigated by both quantitative calculations and simulations conducted using Simulink. A prototype is designed and manufactured and is then compared with other vibration isolation methods via experiments. The results show that the QZS isolator achieves a high performance and adequately reconciles the contradiction between vibration isolation and stability.