Anxiety- and depression-like behavior following chemotherapy treatment occurs in cancer patients with high probability and no specific therapeutics are available for treatment and prevention of this complication. Here, tilapia skin peptides (TSP), a novel enzymatically hydrolyzed bioactive peptide mixture, obtained from tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) scraps, were studied on cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced anxiety- and depression-like behavior in mice. Mice were received intraperitoneal injection of CP for 2 weeks, while TSP was administered for 4 weeks. After the end of the animal experiment, behavioral, biochemical, and molecular tests were carried out. The mice decreased preference for sugar water, increased immobility time in the forced swimming and tail suspension test, and decreased travel distance in the open field test in the Model group, compared with the Control group. Abnormal changes in behavioral tests were significantly improved after the TSP treatment. Additionally, abnormalities on superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase were rescued by administration of 1000 mg/kg/d TSP in mice than that of the Model group. TSP has normalized the expression of Iba-1 and the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the hippocampus of mice, which indicated that TSP could observably ameliorate neuroinflammatory response in the hippocampus of mice. TSP ameliorated the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons of CA1 and CA3 regions in the TSP group vs. the Model group. The number of doublecortin positive cells was drastically increased by administering 1000 mg/kg/d TSP in mice vs. the Model group. Furthermore, TSP reversed the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway, and reduced the Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 apoptosis pathway. In conclusion, TSP could restore CP-induced anxiety- and depression-like behavior via improving oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neuron apoptosis, and neurogenesis in mice hippocampus.

This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial properties and mechanisms of a high-voltage static electric field (HVEF) in Acinetobacter johnsonii, which were assessed from the perspective of biochemical properties and stress-related genes. The time/voltage-kill assays and growth curves showed that an HVEF decreased the number of bacteria and OD600 values. In addition, HVEF treatment caused the leakage of cell contents (nucleic acids and proteins), increased the electrical conductivity and amounts of reactive oxygen substances (ROS) (16.88 fold), and decreased the activity of Na+ K+-ATPase in A. johnsonii. Moreover, the changes in the expression levels of genes involved in oxidative stress and DNA damage in the treated A. johnsonii cells suggested that HVEF treatment could induce oxidative stress and DNA sub-damage. This study will provide useful information for the development and application of an HVEF in food safety.

The effects of ozone water (OW) and ultrasound cleaning (UL) on microbial community diversity of crayfish were studied through microbial viable count and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that compared with the control (CK), the ozone water combined with ultrasound cleaning (OCU) showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in total viable count (TVC), psychrophilic viable count (PVC), mesophilic viable count (MVC), Pseudomonas, hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria (HSPB), molds and yeasts. Concretely, the TVC of the CK, OW, UL and OCU were 5.09, 4.55, 4.32 and 4.06 log CFU/g, respectively. The dominant bacterium in untreated crayfish was Chryseobacterium, and its relative abundance was reduced by combined treatment. Color measurement and sensory evaluation suggested that a satisfactory sensory experience could be obtained on the crayfish applied with OCU. In brief, OCU could be used as a cleaning strategy to control the microbial quality of crayfish and have no influence on its quality.