This article highlights the need to rethink how to manage mobility in Morocco more intelligently, given that it is a major pillar of economic competitiveness. Smart mobility based on Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) allows to improve and ensure the optimal use of existing infrastructure before embarking on heavy and irreversible infrastructure projects. The case regarding the separation of the urban traffic and the Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGV) traffic circulating between Casablanca Port and Zenata Dry Port is a relevant example where smart mobility could provide efficient solutions without building costly tunnels. A dynamic simulation was made using the Aimsun software to quantify the relevance of the proposed lane designated to HGV in the existing road. This simulation allows to visualise congestion sections and quantify the circulation of vehicles and pedestrians. The article presents defined functions and characteristics of the Advanced Traffic Management (ATM) to ensure the optimal operation and efficient setting of the simulation. All appliances, hardware, and sensors that will be set up on-site will help to improve traffic safety, traffic flow, traffic information, and reduce congestion and pollution. This case study illustrates the complexity of managing the flow of goods in cities and suggests how to solve this type of problems using smart mobility. This research proposes reserving a special lane for HGV. ITS will help this cost-optimal alternative, will promote the urban framework of the coastal road, and contribute to sustainable mobility in Casablanca.

The siltation of dam reservoirs is the phenomenon that most embarrasses dam managers and water reservoir operators. In Morocco, this phenomenon affects all the watersheds to different degrees. Dam managers schedule bathymetric measurement companies to estimate the quantities of mud deposited in reservoirs. These companies are neither regular in time nor generalized on the 152 large dams of the Kingdom because of the high cost of the bathymetry operations. In our research work, the bathymetric data available for about a century were collected, checked, corrected, and sorted to be exploited.In the next step, we extrapolated over time and updated the siltation rates for each dam according to the trend curves of the evolution of silted volume. Most of these trend curves were linear. For the nonlinear curves, we looked for explanations throughout history. These are dams whose reservoirs have undergone human intervention such as desilting operations or emptying of reservoirs, or following natural phenomena such as drought or exceptional floods. The research work subsequently made it possible to estimate the annual siltation rates for 53 large dams whose reservoir capacities total approximately 92% of that of the entire country. It also revealed an overall siltation rate of 18.14% for the entire country and rates ranging from 10% to 52% for each watershed. The discussions of these results in this article give explanations on the highest rates, based on the natural data of the watersheds in question. These results will help decision-makers to define the priorities of desilting operations or the construction of new dams, help investors and industrialists wishing to extract and use mud from dam reservoirs as raw material, and can also be used in various scientific fields such as dam reservoir management, flood risk prevention, environmental impact studies, spatial planning, and research and development studies.

This article introduces an innovative demarche to sustainable and integrated water resource management by proposing a new strategy for valorizing sediments retained by dams, explicitly focusing on the Moroccan context. The novel demarche presented encompasses five critical dimensions related to sediment valorization: quality, quantity, space, time, and regulation. To achieve this, we have designed an optimal valorization approach complemented by a specific valorization guide tailored to the nuances of Moroccan laws and standards. Our methodology includes a detailed quantitative analysis of retained sediments, a qualitative assessment of their physical and chemical properties, and a spatiotemporal analysis of dam siltation. The optimal valorization approach aims to maximize the use of retained sediments by identifying suitable applications. Simultaneously, the specific guide provides a methodological and regulatory framework aligned with the region's legal requirements. The quantitative analysis evaluates measures taken to quantify sediments retained by dams, while the qualitative analysis assesses their physical and chemical characteristics and suitability for various applications. The spatiotemporal analysis offers a dynamic perspective on dam siltation, emphasizing the most affected areas and the evolution of trends over time. Anchored in the Moroccan context, this research provides crucial insights into the sustainable management of water resources through the integrated valorization of sediments trapped by dams. The presented results have significant implications for watershed management and the optimization of dam operations and reservoirs. Furthermore, they pave the way for similar approaches in regions grappling with reservoir sedimentation issues.