The possibility of producing and designing bio-epoxides based on the natural polyphenol lignin/epoxidized lignin and tannic acids for application as wood adhesives is presented in this work. Lignin and tannic acids contain numerous reactive hydroxyl phenolic moieties capable of being efficiently involved in the reaction with commercial epoxy resins as a substitute for commercial, non-environmentally friendly, toxic amine-based hardeners. Furthermore, lignin was epoxidized in order to obtain an epoxy lignin that can be a replacement for diglycidyl ether bisphenol A (DGEBA). Cross-linking of bio-epoxy epoxides was investigated via FTIR spectroscopy and their prospects for wood adhesive application were evaluated. This study determined that the curing reaction of epoxy resin can be conducted using lignin/epoxy lignin or tannic acid. Tensile shear strength testing results showed that lignin and tannic acid can effectively replace amine hardeners in epoxy resins. Examination of the failure of the samples showed that all samples had a 100% fracture through the wood. All samples of bio-epoxy adhesives displayed significant tensile shear strength in the range of 5.84–10.87 MPa. This study presents an innovative approach to creating novel cross-linked networks of eco-friendly and high-performance wood bio-adhesives.

Adsorption of carbamate pesticide Methomyl by Co-Beta Zeolite particles prepared by wet ion-exchange method from aqueous solutions was studied. The effect of zeolite and pesticide concentrations, pH value, and sintering temperature on pesticide removal from an aqueous solution was studied. The change of methomyl concentration during the adsorption was followed using the UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) revealed the modified zeolite morphology and elemental structure. The change of the adsorbent surface before and after dye removal was observed using the Fourier Transformation-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The adsorption kinetics follows the pseudo-second-order kinetics model, and at optimal condition adsorption rate is k1 = 0.0166 g mg-1 min-1. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkovich adsorption isotherm models were used to describe the adsorption process. Thermodynamic parameters were also determined using experimental data. The thermodynamic study indicates that during pesticide adsorption is, chemisorption and physisorption are present at the same.

The influence of samarium, as an additional alloying element, on the morphology and corrosion performance of the Zn-Co-Sm alloy electrodeposited coatings, was investigated by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The Zn-Co-Sm coatings were electrodeposited from the aqueous solution containing Sm(NO₃)₃, ZnCl₂, and CoCl₂ as the metal ion source. The percentage of Sm in the coating may be very finely tuned by setting electrodeposition parameters, including cathodic current density, glycine concentration in the electroplating solution, and the solution temperature. The coatings with Sm content from 0.5 to 18.5 wt.% were produced. Since low deposition current densities (10–50 mA cm⁻²) were applied, the samples obtained were of good adhesion and compact. The presence of Sm₂O₃ inclusion was verified by XRD as the Sm₂O₃ crystalline phase. Samarium is incorporated in the coatings through the mechanism of oxide/hydroxide formation during the electroreduction of Zn and Co. Corrosion tests in NaCl solution show that the presence of Sm significantly increases the polarization resistance for the corrosion process of Zn-Co-Sm coatings (one order of magnitude, i.e., from ~500 Ω cm² measured without Sm to 2000–3000 Ω cm² with 12 wt.% Sm), giving evidence of the self-healing action that is provided by Sm particles in the coatings. This effect is more pronounced in the case when the coatings contain a higher Sm percentage.

Adsorption of anthraquinone dye Acid Blue 111 by alumina-iron oxide doped particles prepared by sol-gel method from aqueous solutions was studied. The adsorbent morphology was revealed by FESEM and the crystallographic phase is analyzed by the XRD technique. The effect of adsorbate and adsorbent concentrations, pH value, type of adsorbent and thermodynamic parameters on dye removal by adsorption was studied. The change of dye concentration during the adsorbtion was followed using the UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The change of the adsorbent surface before and after dye removal was observed using the Fourier Transformation-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The adsorption kinetics is in accordance with the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were used to describe the adsorption process. The thermodynamic study of dye adsorption proves the process is spontaneous with exothermic nature.