Although technology improvements boosted the digital transition of universities, which built a path for smart campuses, the smartization process is more than simply promoting digitalization. This research aims to identify the essential elements and the most significant deficiencies in the smart campus dimensions and its variables from the user’s viewpoint to offer a list of priorities for decision-makers. Through an importance-performance analysis (IPA) performed using IBP SPSS 26, we tested an integrative smart campus framework in a Brazilian university, previously validated with Latin American experts. This research confirmed that eight dimensions are important for a smart campus evaluation and provided a list of priorities for academic managers. The results indicated the main gaps among importance and performance. This research concluded that the smartization process could not rely on technology attributes only. Universities should meet the modern society’s present and emerging needs and the labor market in a sustainable, social, and technological manner. Smart campuses in developing countries may prioritize different components than developed countries, such as infrastructure. We propose that more studies should apply the framework in more universities.

O empreendedorismo social (ES) emergiu criando modelos de negócio que buscam o desenvolvimento social através de soluções eficientes que podem culminar em processos de transformação social. Isto posto, esta pesquisa objetivou realizar uma análise comparativa das dimensões do empreendedorismo social nas diferentes regiões brasileiras verificando suas variações no país. As categorias de análise utilizadas foram: oportunidades, inovação, autogestão, valor econômico, valor social, e desenvolvimento sustentável. A pesquisa utilizou dados secundários de um universo composto por 19.708 empreendimentos econômicos solidários (EES) em 2013 e 21.859 EES em 2007. Sua natureza é quantitativa, na qual foi utilizada uma análise de dados através de estatística descritiva. Entre os principais resultados encontrados verificou-se que as dimensões Valor Social e Inovação são as que possuem maiores médias percentuais, porém, ambas tiveram uma redução percentual no período analisado, juntamente com Desenvolvimento social e Valor econômico. Somente as dimensões Oportunidade e Autogestão demonstraram evolução positiva. Os achados indicam que nos EES brasileiros prevalece a perspectiva do valor social norteada para o valor econômico e possuem características inerentes a Escola de empreendedorismo social dos países em desenvolvimento, portanto, motivados pelo desenvolvimento comunitários, oportunidades e alternativa ao desemprego, e, desta forma, não se concretiza o equilíbrio proposto pelo triple bottom line. Além disso, no geral, o cenário indica que os EES não estão se consolidando frente as dimensões analisadas.

Water scarcity in semi-arid regions stands out as the main environmental factor limiting cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) yield. Therefore, foliar application of kaolin waste emerges as a strategy to mitigate water stress, ensuring the growth and production of agricultural crops. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of kaolin waste applied via foliar application as a water stress attenuator on the cowpea cultivar ‘BRS Tapaihum’. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG). Treatments consisted of four irrigation depths (50, 75, 100, and 125% of real evapotranspiration - ETr), without and with kaolin waste (50 g L-1), applied via foliar application, distributed in a completely randomized design, in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, with eight repetitions. Foliar spraying of kaolin waste associated with a level of 75% ETr promoted the highest value of plant height and, when associated with a level of 50% ETr, promoted the highest values of chlorophyll contents (a, b and total) and relative water content. Kaolin waste, when associated with the irrigation depth required by the crop (100% ETr), despite promoting the highest values of pod length and number of grains per pod, did not result in the highest total production per plant, obtained in the treatment with 100% ETr depth without foliar application of kaolin waste.