So far, most techniques for modifying perovskite solar cells (PSCs) focus on either the perovskite or electron transport layer (ETL). For the sake of comprehensively improving device performance, a dual‐functional method of simultaneously passivating trap defects in both the perovskite and ETL films is proposed that utilizes guidable transfer of Eu³⁺ in SnO₂ to perovskite. Europium ions are distributed throughout the SnO₂ film during the formation process of SnO₂, and they can diffuse directionally through the SnO₂/perovskite interface into the perovskite, while most of the europium ions remain at the interface. Under the synergistic effect of distributed Eu³⁺ in the SnO₂ and aggregated Eu³⁺ at the interface, the electron mobilities of ETLs are evidently improved. Meanwhile, diffused Eu³⁺ ions passivate the perovskite to reduce trap densities at the grain boundaries, which can dramatically elevate the open‐circuit voltage (V_oc) of PSCs. Finally, the mainly PSCs coated on SnO₂:Eu³⁺ ETL achieve a power conversion efficiency of 20.14%. Moreover, an unsealed device degrades by only 13% after exposure to ambient atmosphere for 84 days.

Thermal quenching is a serious limiting factor for high-power phosphor-converted white-light-emitting diodes (pc-WLEDs) due to the temperature increase that results in emission loss by non-radiative transitions. Herein, we report new Tb³⁺-doped Sr₈ZnSc(PO₄)₇ phosphors with zero-thermal-quenching and tunable photoluminescence behaviors. As verified by thermoluminescence (TL) spectra, the carriers captured by shallow traps were transferred to ⁵D₃ energy level of Tb³⁺, compensating the inhibition on blue ⁵D₃ → ⁷F_J emissions from the increasing concentration (x) of Tb³⁺; therefore, the emission color was tuned from bright blue (0.205, 0.186) to white (0.215, 0.273) and finally to bright green (0.245, 0.411) upon 370 nm UV excitation as a function of x. In addition, the zero-thermal-quenching behavior at high temperatures up to 225 °C benefited from the carriers captured by deeper traps. Thus, the reported Sr₈ZnSc(PO₄)₇:xTb³⁺ phosphors may be candidates for high-power pc-WLEDs.

With the ever-increasing installation of large-capacity ultrahigh-voltage direct current (UHVdc) links, the “strong dc link and weak ac network” issue has become prominent for many regional grids in China. The transmission expansion planning (TEP) problem of such grids has been facing a significant challenge to cope with the coordination between the UHVdc links and the ultrahigh/high voltage alternating current (UHVac/HVac) network. To handle this issue, this article proposes a multistage robust TEP (RTEP) model of ultrahigh-voltage ac–dc hybrid grids. This model explicitly takes into account multiple types of uncertainties, i.e., credible contingencies occurring in the ac network, large power imbalances due to the UHVdc bipole blocking, as well as the long-/short-term uncertainty. Wasserstein metric is used to reformulate the uncertainty set and the worst-case constraints. A column-and-constraint generation based solution approach is developed in order to ensure tractability of the RTEP model. The effectiveness of the proposed RTEP is verified by numerical testing on a practical large-scale power grid.