The layer-dependent band gaps and superior carrier transport of layered SnO ensure fine performance of trilayer SnO in solar cell applications.

In this study, the cutting parameters for machining deep bottle holes (deep holes with complex profiles and length-to-diameter ratio greater than 10) were optimized based on cutting simulation, a regression analysis genetic algorithm, and experimental validation. The influence of cutting parameters on cutting force and cutting temperature was analyzed using the response surface method (RSM), and the regression prediction model of cutting parameters with cutting force and most cutting temperature was established. Based on this model, multi-objective optimization of cutting force F_x and material removal rate Q was carried out based on a genetic algorithm, and a set of optimal cutting parameters (v = 139.41 m/min, a_p = 1.12 mm, f = 0.27 mm/rev) with low cutting force and high material removal rate were obtained. Finally, based on the optimal cutting parameters, the machining of TC4 deep bottle holes with a length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio of 36.36 and a roughness of Ra 3.2 µm was accomplished through a deep hole boring experiment, which verified the feasibility of the selected cutting parameters and provided a certain reference for the machining of this type of parts.

During drilling in complex formations, the sliding bearings of roller cone bits are continuously subjected to low-speed, heavy-load, and boundary lubrication conditions, under which adhesive failure readily occurs, severely limiting drilling efficiency. To enhance their wear resistance, a bionic texture inspired by shark denticles was designed and compared with conventional rectangular and circular textures. An equivalent pin–disk contact model was established based on Hertzian contact theory, and tribological experiments were conducted under typical formation conditions using a friction and wear testing machine. The friction coefficient, friction torque, and wear volume of different textures were measured under both lubricated and dry contact conditions, and the underlying mechanisms were elucidated through three-dimensional surface morphology analysis. The results show that the shark denticle-inspired texture reduced the friction coefficient and wear volume by 33.3% and 35%, respectively, under lubrication, while suppressing debris intrusion at the frictional interface under dry contact, thereby providing a degree of surface protection. This study offers theoretical guidance and experimental evidence for advancing the engineering application of bionic tribology in the petroleum industry.

Cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) single crystals have been widely utilized in various photoelectron devices such as radiation detectors and solar cells. Different types of ordered phases have also been investigated in CdZnTe thin films grown on various substrates, which have been confirmed to have great influence on the properties of materials and performance of devices. This work, for the first time, provides direct evidence of the existence of a CuPt-A type ordered structure in CdZnTe bulk single crystals. The structure and distribution of the ordered phases have been comprehensively investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicated that such a CuPt-A type ordered structure with two variants exhibits the same structure feature as that previously reported in CdZnTe thin films. In contrast, no ordering phenomenon can be found in CdTe single crystals, which has proved that the ordering is caused by the introduction of Zn²⁺ ions. With the help of a series tilting experiment, the alternately arranged Cd²⁺ and Zn²⁺ ions at {111} planes along direction have been confirmed to be the reason for the formation of such ordered phase. The local enrichment of Zn²⁺ has also been confirmed for the ordered phase, which is also the reason why it was only found at the Zn-rich head of the ingot. Based on the experimental results, the possible crystal structure and the formation mechanism of such ordered CdZnTe have also been proposed accordingly.

Synthetic diamond particle-reinforced copper-iron composites (SD/Cu-Fe) were produced by the powder metallurgical method for stone cutting applications, and the microstructure, density, compactness, hardness, flexure strength, and wear resistance of the composites were characterized in this work. The results showed that the diamond particles were relatively uniformly distributed in most areas of the copper matrix and the crystal shape of diamond particles were relatively intact in the sintering temperature range from 740 °C to 780 °C. The interfaces between the diamond particles and copper matrix, as well as the interfaces between the copper matrix and iron layer, were well bonded without significant gaps. The physical properties of composites increased first and then decreased with the sintering temperature. When the sintering temperature was 770 °C, the related properties reached the best. Diamond played a key role in improving the properties of the SD/Cu-Fe sandwich composite. This work provides a basis for the research and development of high-performance diamond-reinforced copper-based iron sandwich composites.

Complex deep hole parts are crucial for major equipment to achieve structural innovation and technological leapfrogging. With the continuous advancement of requirements for weight reduction, efficiency enhancement, and performance modification, the application of deep bottle hole parts has become increasingly widespread. Their structures are mainly characterized by complex interior profiles, variable diameters, large depth-to-diameter ratios, etc. However, the traditional vibration-damping tool boring process is prone to problems such as poor hole straightness and low cutting efficiency due to poor tool rigidity and difficult chip evacuation. For this reason, this research focuses on an internal chip evacuation tool system for deep bottle holes based on cutting morphology control. First, based on the structural characteristics of deep bottle hole components, a specialized tooling system with three guide pad supports and internal chip evacuation channels was designed. Subsequently, the tool’s chip evacuation channel was optimized using fluid simulation results from the tooling system, and the coupled relationship between chip morphology and chip evacuation efficiency was analyzed. Finally, a segmented and layered boring process scheme was proposed based on the component’s structural features. Through deep bottle hole-boring experiments, the surface roughness of the hole interior reached 0.9 µm, and eccentricity was reduced by 54.39%, confirming that the scheme effectively forms chip morphology into spiral curled chips and validating the feasibility and effectiveness of the tooling system.