Introduction: We evaluated several biological indicators based on inflammation and/or nutritional status, such as systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), early warning score (ANDC) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with and without malignancies for a prognostic significance. Methodology: This is a retrospective and observational study on 186 patients with SARS-CoV-2, who were diagnosed with COVID-19 by real-time PCR testing and hospitalized due to COVID-19 pneumonia. 75 patients had various malignancies, and the rest (111), having a similar age and comorbidity profile based on propensity score matching, had no malignancy. Results: None of the measures as neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio, monocyte to lymphocyte ratio, SII, PNI or ANDC was found to be significantly different between two groups. Odds ratio for the mortality, OR 2.39 (%95 CI 1.80–3.16) was found to be significantly higher for the malignancy group, even though the duration of hospitalization was statistically similar for both groups. PNI was found to be significantly lower for deceased patients compared with survivors in the malignancy group. Contrarily, ANDC was found to be significantly higher for deceased patients in the malignancy group. Conclusions: PNI and ANDC have independent predictive power on determining the in-hospital death in COVID-19 malignancy cases. It is suggested that ANDC seems to be a more sensitive score than SII in COVID-19 cases with malignancies.

This is a retrospective and observational study on 1511 patients with SARS-CoV-2, who were diagnosed with COVID-19 by real-time PCR testing and hospitalized due to COVID-19 pneumonia. 1511 patients, 879 male (58.17%) and 632 female (41.83%) with a mean age of 60.1 ± 14.7 were included in the study. Survivors and non-survivors groups were statistically compared with respect to survival, discharge, ICU admission and in-hospital death. Although gender was not statistically significant different between two groups, 80 (60.15%) of the patients who died were male. Mean age was 72.8 ± 11.8 in non-survivors vs. 59.9 ± 14.7 in survivors (p < 0.001). Overall in-hospital mortality was found to be 8.8% (133/1511 cases), and overall ICU admission was 10.85% (164/1511 cases). The PSI/PORT score of the non-survivors group was higher than that of the survivors group (144.38 ± 28.64 versus 67.17 ± 25.63, p < 0.001). The PSI/PORT yielding the highest performance was the best predictor for in-hospital mortality, since it incorporates the factors as advanced age and comorbidity (AUROC 0.971; % 95 CI 0.961–0.981). The use of A-DROP may also be preferred as an easier alternative to PSI/PORT, which is a time-consuming evaluation although it is more comprehensive.

Objectives: Studies have shown that fibrinolysis activity is insufficient in COVID-19 patients. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is an important antifibrinolytic molecule that plays a key role in the fibrinolytic system. In our study; we aimed to evaluate serum PAI-1 and other biochemical parameters of COVID-19 patients in terms of disease course and mortality. Methods: A total of 40 COVID-19 patients were hospitalized in the service and intensive care unit (ICU) of our hospital from October to December 2020 and 20 healthy volunteers were included in our study. The patients were grouped as those who transferred to the ICU from the service and transferred to service from the ICU. The first and second values of the same patients in both the service and the ICU were analyzed by SPSS. Results: The PAI-1 levels of the patients in the ICU were significantly higher than the levels of the same patients in the service and the healthy control group (p<0.001). IL-6, ferritin, and D-dimer levels in the ICU of the same patients were significantly higher than the levels of service and healthy control group (p<0.001). A positive correlation was found between initial serum PAI-1 and D-dimer levels in patients hospitalized in the service (p=0.039) and initial serum ferritin and IL-6 levels in the ICU (p=0.031). Conclusions: In our study, we found that PAI-1 levels increased significantly with the increase in mortality in COVID-19 patients.

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