Balance training on different surfaces is important in the rehabilitation of children with spastic cerebral palsy. However, the impact of balance training

Objective: Candida species are the most common infectious agents among the pathogens responsible for nosocomial fungal infections. Transmissions in intensive care units account for a significant proportion of the mortality and morbidity associated with candida infections. The present study evaluates the prevalence, type, treatment approach, underlying risk factors, and outcomes of candida infections in patients treated in a pediatric intensive care unit in Türkiye with a dense population of children who have fled the war in Syria. Methods: The study was conducted in the 14-bed tertiary pediatric intensive care unit of a city hospital between March 2018 and March 2019. Results: Candida species were reproduced in the studied samples of 28 (15.7%) of the 176 patients treated in the intensive care unit during the study period. Mortality occurred in six (21.4%) patients with invasive candidiasis of varying species, namely: C. lusitaniae (n=2); C. parapsilosis (n=2); C. krusei (n=1), and C. albicans (n=1), and candida was considered the cause of mortality in five of the six non-survivors. Resistance to liposomal amphotericin-B was observed in the Candida species isolated from the non-survivors. Conclusion: In the present study, a prolonged stay in the intensive care unit, a higher number of indwelling medical devices, the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, the presence of an underlying condition, and renal failure were observed to increase incidence of candida infection.

Background: Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies about iron accumulation in children with thalassemia major are quite limited. Aim: This study aimed to detect neurological findings with cranial MRIs in the pediatric patients with thalassemia major who did not develop any neurological complications. Materials and Methods: Pediatric patients with thalassemia major who followed in the Pediatric Hematology Unit between 1 July 2017 and 1 January 2019 were included in the study. The patients underwent cranial MRI scans. Results: A total of 30 patients were included. The median age was 15 (range from 4–18) years old. We found that 7 patients had a splenectomy and 19 of the remaining 23 patients had splenomegaly. In addition, 13 of the patients had hepatomegaly, 10 had skeletal deformities, and 17 had growth retardation. The mean ferritin level was 3772.3 ± 2524.8. We detected various pathologies on cranial MRI images of 10 (33.3%) patients. In 3 of these patients, millimeter-sized ischemia-compatible lesions were found in the cerebral white matter, which did not fit any arterial area, and 5 patients had hyperintense lesions in the basal ganglia. Conclusion: Our study is valuable since 1/3 of our pediatric patients with thalassemia major were detected with intracranial pathology.