Fused deposition modelling is a rapidly growing additive manufacturing technology due to its ability to build functional parts with complex geometries. The mechanical properties of a built part depend on several process parameters. The effect of wood content on the properties of 3D printed parts has been studied. Four types of filaments using poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) with different reinforcement levels of Typha stem powder 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight were used for 3D printing. The density of the filaments and parts printed in this study increased with the Typha stem powder content. The thermal stability, mechanical performance, and viscoelastic properties of the different biocomposite filaments and 3D printed objects were analysed. The results show an increase in the crystallisation kinetics and a slight decrease in the thermal stability of the biomaterials. Compared to virgin PBSA FDM filaments, the PBSA biocomposite filament filled with Typha stem powder showed an increase in the tensile strength of the parts and specimens from 2.5 MPa to 8 MPa and in the modulus of elasticity from 160 MPa to 375 MPa, respectively, with additions of 5%, 10%, and 15% by mass. The addition of Typha stem fibres generated an increase in the elastic behaviour and relaxation time of the biomaterial structure, visualised by increases in the values of the viscosity components. The surface morphology reveals a decrease in the porosity of the printed samples.

Desert aerosols suspended in the atmosphere are a very marked fact in West Africa with estimates of 400 to 1000 million tons produced annually and concentrations exceeding 50 µg·m³ in Burkina. In Bamako, the daily dust concentration can go up to reach 504 µg/m³. The Sahara and the Sahel are recognized as the primary desert aerosol producing regions. Source areas continue to be discovered as the desert advances. Previous studies have mainly focused on the spatial and temporal variability of aerosols. The current question is: What makes an area a source of dust emission? Our study brings together all the climatic parameters of the 10–20 band, as well as the soil types and their characteristics; it reveals 4 soils characteristic of fine sandy semi-arid soils in Chad. The Ouadaï plateau in Chad was identified as a source area for dust emissions. We noted for JFM (January, February, March) that the strongest wind intensities were located mainly towards Chad for average rmaximum temperatures around 34.7 °C. The statistical study reveals a correlation of 66.8% between direct and indirect links between the climatic factors of the 10–20 band and the source area. The presence of vortexes throughout the year and a vertical wind profile that is among the strongest in the 10–20 band, this gradient is strongly localized in the grid “10° North, 20° North and 20° East, 30° East” next to the Kapka massif. The study shows that the AEJ (African Easterly Jet) profile, which is a strong wind, associated with the harmattan circulation, allows the transport of aerosols from Ouadaï to the West African coast. In Senegal, a significant deposition was observed.