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Dae-Hyun Hahm
BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea

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Review
Published: 19 April 2021 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a refractory and relapsing skin disease with a complex and multifactorial etiology. Various congenital malformations and environmental factors are thought to be involved in the onset of the disease. The etiology of the disease has been investigated, with respect to clinical skin symptoms and systemic immune response factors. A gut microbiome–mediated connection between emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety, and dermatologic conditions such as acne, based on the comorbidities of these two seemingly unrelated disorders, has long been hypothesized. Many aspects of this gut–brain–skin integration theory have recently been revalidated to identify treatment options for AD with the recent advances in metagenomic analysis involving powerful sequencing techniques and bioinformatics that overcome the need for isolation and cultivation of individual microbial strains from the skin or gut. Comparative analysis of microbial clusters across the gut–skin axis can provide new information regarding AD research. Herein, we provide a historical perspective on the modern investigation and clinical implications of gut–skin connections in AD in terms of the integration between the two microbial clusters.

ACS Style

Dong Park; Joo Kim; Hi-Joon Park; Dae-Hyun Hahm. Comparative Analysis of the Microbiome across the Gut–Skin Axis in Atopic Dermatitis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 4228 .

AMA Style

Dong Park, Joo Kim, Hi-Joon Park, Dae-Hyun Hahm. Comparative Analysis of the Microbiome across the Gut–Skin Axis in Atopic Dermatitis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (8):4228.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dong Park; Joo Kim; Hi-Joon Park; Dae-Hyun Hahm. 2021. "Comparative Analysis of the Microbiome across the Gut–Skin Axis in Atopic Dermatitis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 8: 4228.

Journal article
Published: 10 February 2021 in Scientific Reports
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The mechanism underlying bee venom (BV) therapy is still controversial, with opinions ranging from constituent-based pharmacological action to homeopathic-like activity. The purpose of this study was to examine whether BV phospholipase A2 (bvPLA2), an enzymatic component of BV, is a novel anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic mediator capable of stimulating CD25+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cell (Treg) polarization in a mouse model of human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). An experimental model of RA was established in male DBA/1 mouse by 2-week-interval injections of 100 μg type II collagen emulsified in complete (first injection) or incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (second injection) at the base of the tail. During arthritis development, bvPLA2 (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 mg/kg) and/or Treg inhibitors such as anti-CD25 antibodies and peptide 60 (P60) were injected intraperitoneally for 5 weeks. Arthritic symptoms and the expansion of Tregs were then assessed by behavioral assessments, histological and micro-CT imaging, and flow cytometry. bvPLA2 injections significantly alleviated arthritic behaviors such as squeaking and joint swelling, consistent with changes seen on both histological and micro-CT images. The anti-arthritic effects of bvPLA2 were blocked by intraperitoneal injections of 0.25 mg/kg anti-CD25 antibody and 10 μg/kg P60, as determined by behavioral assessments. Flow cytometric analysis of dendritic cells, B cells, and major T cell subsets from spleens revealed a significant depletion of Tregs following anti-CD25 antibody, but not P60, treatment. bvPLA2 treatment exerted significant anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities in a mouse model of RA via the induction of Tregs.

ACS Style

Gwang-Muk Choi; Bombi Lee; Riwon Hong; Seon-Young Park; Da-Eun Cho; Mijung Yeom; Hi-Joon Park; Hyunsu Bae; Dae-Hyun Hahm. Bee venom phospholipase A2 alleviates collagen-induced polyarthritis by inducing Foxp3+ regulatory T cell polarization in mice. Scientific Reports 2021, 11, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Gwang-Muk Choi, Bombi Lee, Riwon Hong, Seon-Young Park, Da-Eun Cho, Mijung Yeom, Hi-Joon Park, Hyunsu Bae, Dae-Hyun Hahm. Bee venom phospholipase A2 alleviates collagen-induced polyarthritis by inducing Foxp3+ regulatory T cell polarization in mice. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11 (1):1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gwang-Muk Choi; Bombi Lee; Riwon Hong; Seon-Young Park; Da-Eun Cho; Mijung Yeom; Hi-Joon Park; Hyunsu Bae; Dae-Hyun Hahm. 2021. "Bee venom phospholipase A2 alleviates collagen-induced polyarthritis by inducing Foxp3+ regulatory T cell polarization in mice." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1: 1-11.

Journal article
Published: 04 November 2019 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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The aim of this study was to identify the active compound responsible for the pharmacological activities of Manchurian spikenard (Aralia continentalis Kitag.). Interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated human chondrocytes and monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced osteoarthritic rats were treated with the 50% ethanolic extract of spikenard or its major components, such as continentalic acid (ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene-19-oic acid) and kaurenoic acid (ent-kaura-16-en-19-oic acid). The spikenard extract significantly inhibited IL-1β-stimulated production of IL-6, IL-8, metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-13, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and prostaglandin(PG)E2 in a dose-dependent manner but not MMP-3 production. The extract also inhibited the IL-1β-induced translocation of NF-κB/p65 into the nucleus and dose-dependent phosphorylation levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. Continentalic acid exhibited significant anti-arthritic activity corresponding exactly to that of the extract containing an equivalent amount of continentalic acid. On the other hand, kaurenoic acid exhibited a compatible activity at about a 10-times higher molar concentration than that of continentalic acid. In vitro anti-arthritic activities of the spikenard extract and continentalic acid were also confirmed in MIA-induced osteoarthritic rats. The 50% ethanolic extract of Manchurian spikenard exhibited promising anti-arthritic activities in the in vitro and in vivo osteoarthritis models, and continentalic acid, not kaurenoic acid, was most probably responsible for those activities.

ACS Style

Riwon Hong; Kyoung Soo Kim; Gwang Muk Choi; Mijung Yeom; Bombi Lee; Sanghyun Lee; Ki Sung Kang; Hyang Sook Lee; Hi-Joon Park; Dae-Hyun Hahm. Continentalic Acid Rather Than Kaurenoic Acid Is Responsible for the Anti-Arthritic Activity of Manchurian Spikenard In Vitro and In Vivo. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2019, 20, 5488 .

AMA Style

Riwon Hong, Kyoung Soo Kim, Gwang Muk Choi, Mijung Yeom, Bombi Lee, Sanghyun Lee, Ki Sung Kang, Hyang Sook Lee, Hi-Joon Park, Dae-Hyun Hahm. Continentalic Acid Rather Than Kaurenoic Acid Is Responsible for the Anti-Arthritic Activity of Manchurian Spikenard In Vitro and In Vivo. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20 (21):5488.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Riwon Hong; Kyoung Soo Kim; Gwang Muk Choi; Mijung Yeom; Bombi Lee; Sanghyun Lee; Ki Sung Kang; Hyang Sook Lee; Hi-Joon Park; Dae-Hyun Hahm. 2019. "Continentalic Acid Rather Than Kaurenoic Acid Is Responsible for the Anti-Arthritic Activity of Manchurian Spikenard In Vitro and In Vivo." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 21: 5488.

Journal article
Published: 08 July 2019 in Toxins
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Oxaliplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent used for metastatic colon and other advanced cancers. Most common side effect of oxaliplatin is peripheral neuropathy, manifested in mechanical and cold allodynia. Although the analgesic effect of bee venom has been proven to be effective against oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy, the effect of its major component; melittin has not been studied yet. Thus, in this study, we investigated whether melittin has an analgesic effect on oxaliplatin-induced allodynia. Intraperitoneal single injection of oxaliplatin (6 mg/kg) induced mechanical and cold allodynia, resulting in increased withdrawal behavior in response to von Frey filaments and acetone drop on hind paw. Subcutaneous melittin injection on acupoint ST36 (0.5 mg/kg) alleviated oxaliplatin-induced mechanical and cold allodynia. In electrophysiological study, using spinal in vivo extracellular recording, it was shown that oxaliplatin-induced hyperexcitation of spinal wide dynamic range neurons in response to peripheral stimuli, and melittin administration inhibited this neuronal activity. In behavioral assessment, analgesic effect of melittin was blocked by intrathecal α1- and α2- adrenergic receptor antagonists administration. Based on these results, we suggest that melittin could be used as an analgesic on oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy, and that its effect is mediated by activating the spinal α1- and α2-adrenergic receptors.

ACS Style

Seunghwan Choi; Hyeon Kyeong Chae; Ho Heo; Dae-Hyun Hahm; Woojin Kim; Sun Kwang Kim. Analgesic Effect of Melittin on Oxaliplatin-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Rats. Toxins 2019, 11, 396 .

AMA Style

Seunghwan Choi, Hyeon Kyeong Chae, Ho Heo, Dae-Hyun Hahm, Woojin Kim, Sun Kwang Kim. Analgesic Effect of Melittin on Oxaliplatin-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Rats. Toxins. 2019; 11 (7):396.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seunghwan Choi; Hyeon Kyeong Chae; Ho Heo; Dae-Hyun Hahm; Woojin Kim; Sun Kwang Kim. 2019. "Analgesic Effect of Melittin on Oxaliplatin-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Rats." Toxins 11, no. 7: 396.

Journal article
Published: 08 January 2019 in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disease associated with that the experience of traumatic stress. The traumatic experience results in the development of a prolonged stress response that causes impaired memory function and increased inflammation in the hippocampus. Currently, antidepressants are the only approved therapy for PTSD. However, the efficacy of antidepressants in the treatment of PTSD is marginal. The ethanol extract of Aralia continentalis (AC) is traditionally used in oriental medicine, and has been showed to possess pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-atherosclerotic, and anti-diabetic effects. Nevertheless, the effects of AC on cognitive memory and its mechanism of action in PTSD remain unclear. Given the necessity of further treatment options for PTSD, we investigated the effect of AC on the spatial cognitive impairment caused by single prolonged stress (SPS) in a rat model of PTSD. Male rats were treated with various intraperitoneal (i.p.) doses of AC for 21 consecutive days after inducing chronic stress with the SPS procedure. Cognitive impairment caused by SPS were inhibited after treatment with 100 mg/kg AC, as measured by the Morris water maze test and an object recognition test. Additionally, AC treatment significantly alleviated memory-related decreases in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and protein levels in the hippocampus. Our results suggest that AC significantly inhibited the cognitive deficits caused by SPS via increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, in the rat brain. AC reversed the behavioral impairments and inflammation triggered by SPS-derived traumatic stress and should be further evaluated as a potential therapeutic drug for PTSD.

ACS Style

Bombi Lee; Riwon Hong; Pooreum Lim; Daeun Cho; Mijung Yeom; Sanghyun Lee; Ki Sung Kang; Sang Cheon Lee; Insop Shim; Hyejung Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. The ethanolic extract of Aralia continentalis ameliorates cognitive deficits via modifications of BDNF expression and anti-inflammatory effects in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019, 19, 11 .

AMA Style

Bombi Lee, Riwon Hong, Pooreum Lim, Daeun Cho, Mijung Yeom, Sanghyun Lee, Ki Sung Kang, Sang Cheon Lee, Insop Shim, Hyejung Lee, Dae-Hyun Hahm. The ethanolic extract of Aralia continentalis ameliorates cognitive deficits via modifications of BDNF expression and anti-inflammatory effects in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2019; 19 (1):11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bombi Lee; Riwon Hong; Pooreum Lim; Daeun Cho; Mijung Yeom; Sanghyun Lee; Ki Sung Kang; Sang Cheon Lee; Insop Shim; Hyejung Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. 2019. "The ethanolic extract of Aralia continentalis ameliorates cognitive deficits via modifications of BDNF expression and anti-inflammatory effects in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder." BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 19, no. 1: 11.

Journal article
Published: 30 October 2018 in Arthritis Research & Therapy
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Different adiponectin isoforms appear to be differentially involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. The purpose of this study was to generate monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to different adiponectin isoforms and investigate whether these mAbs have potential as therapeutic agents for such diseases. Hybridoma cells producing monoclonal antibodies were generated and screened using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting for the production of mAbs recognizing human adiponectin isoforms. The mAb from hybridoma clone KH7–41 recognized both the middle molecular weight (MMW) (hexamer) and low molecular weight (LMW) (trimer) isoforms of adiponectin in human serum, whereas the KH7–33 mAb detected only MMW (hexamer) adiponectin. The KH4–8 clone recognized both the high molecular weight (HMW) (multimer) and MMW adiponectin isoforms. However, in mouse and rat sera, the abovementioned antibodies recognized only the MMW isomer. These mAbs also recognized adiponectin in various human tissues, such as lung, kidney, and adipose tissues, although the three mAbs had different staining intensities. The mAb from clone KH4–8 effectively inhibited increases in interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 expression in recombinant adiponectin-stimulated human osteoblasts and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Also, the mAbs KH7–33 and KH4–8 significantly ameliorated rheumatic symptoms in a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model. This result suggests that these mAb treatments may ameliorate adiponectin-mediated inflammatory response. mAbs against human adiponectin isomers can potentially be developed as therapeutic antibodies to target specific detrimental isoforms of adiponectin while maintaining the functions of beneficial isoforms.

ACS Style

Yeon-Ah Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm; Jung Yeon Kim; Bonjun Sur; Hyun Min Lee; Chun Jeih Ryu; Hyung-In Yang; Kyoung Soo Kim. Potential therapeutic antibodies targeting specific adiponectin isoforms in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2018, 20, 245 .

AMA Style

Yeon-Ah Lee, Dae-Hyun Hahm, Jung Yeon Kim, Bonjun Sur, Hyun Min Lee, Chun Jeih Ryu, Hyung-In Yang, Kyoung Soo Kim. Potential therapeutic antibodies targeting specific adiponectin isoforms in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Research & Therapy. 2018; 20 (1):245.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yeon-Ah Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm; Jung Yeon Kim; Bonjun Sur; Hyun Min Lee; Chun Jeih Ryu; Hyung-In Yang; Kyoung Soo Kim. 2018. "Potential therapeutic antibodies targeting specific adiponectin isoforms in rheumatoid arthritis." Arthritis Research & Therapy 20, no. 1: 245.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2018 in Journal of Medicinal Food
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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a traumatic stress-related psychiatric disorder stimulated by experience. Green tea has potent antioxidative properties, due, in part, to the catechin (−) epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). EGCG is an important polyphenol with advantageous effects on anxiety and depression. Nevertheless, the mechanism about the inhibition of PTSD-like symptoms of EGCG is still unidentified. We examined whether EGCG improved learning and memory deficit stimulated in rats after single prolonged stress (SPS). Rats were administrated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with EGCG for 14 successive days after the SPS process. The SPS procedure stimulated cognitive deficit in the Morris water maze test and the object recognition task, and this impairment was improved by EGCG (25 mg/kg, i.p.). Daily EGCG administration significantly decreased the freezing response to contextual fear conditioning. The administration of EGCG also significantly moderated memory-related decreases in the alternation of cAMP-response element-binding protein and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the hippocampus. Our results suggest that EGCG alleviated SPS-stimulated learning and memory deficit by inhibiting the increase of neuroinflammation in the rat brain. In addition, EGCG reversed the alternation of allopregnanolone and progesterone in the brain, and diminished simultaneously the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis dysfunction. Thus, EGCG reversed learning and memory-related behavioral dysfunction and molecular alternation accelerated by traumatic stress and may be a useful therapeutic material for PTSD.

ACS Style

Bombi Lee; Insop Shim; Hyejung Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. Effects of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Behavioral and Cognitive Impairments, Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis Dysfunction, and Alternations in Hippocampal BDNF Expression Under Single Prolonged Stress. Journal of Medicinal Food 2018, 21, 979 -989.

AMA Style

Bombi Lee, Insop Shim, Hyejung Lee, Dae-Hyun Hahm. Effects of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Behavioral and Cognitive Impairments, Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis Dysfunction, and Alternations in Hippocampal BDNF Expression Under Single Prolonged Stress. Journal of Medicinal Food. 2018; 21 (10):979-989.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bombi Lee; Insop Shim; Hyejung Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. 2018. "Effects of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Behavioral and Cognitive Impairments, Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis Dysfunction, and Alternations in Hippocampal BDNF Expression Under Single Prolonged Stress." Journal of Medicinal Food 21, no. 10: 979-989.

Original article
Published: 25 September 2018 in Amino Acids
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This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-obesity effects of long-term taurine supplementation in a mild obese ICR mouse model and to study the mechanism by which taurine induces weight loss. Three groups of male ICR mice were fed a normal chow diet, a high-fat diet (HFD), or an HFD supplemented with 2% taurine in drinking water for 28 weeks. Body weight was measured every week. Metabolic, behavioral, and physiological monitoring were carried out using PhenoMaster at 28 weeks. Interscapular brown fat (BAT), inguinal white fat tissue (WAT), and quadriceps muscle were analyzed and compared to assess the change of gene expression related to adipogenesis. Taurine supplementation showed the trend of anti-obesity effect in ICR mice fed an HFD for 28 weeks. HFD-fed mice did not show significant difference of oxygen consumption (VO2), energy expenditure (EE), respiratory exchange rate (RER), and locomotive activity compared with those of normal chow diet fed mice. The expression of adipogenesis-related genes such as PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, C/EBP-α, C/EBP-β, and AP2 increased in BAT and WAT, but not in muscle tissue. Taurine supplementation showed the downregulation of these genes in WAT but not in BAT or muscle. Consistently, the expression of taurine transporter (TauT) and adipocyte-specific genes such as adiponectin, leptin, and IL-6 was regulated in a similar pattern by taurine supplementation. Long-term taurine supplementation causes weight loss, most likely by inhibiting adipogenesis in WAT. TauT expression may be involved in the expression of various genes regulated by taurine supplementation.

ACS Style

Kyoung Soo Kim; Min Ju Jang; Sungsoon Fang; Seul Gi Yoon; Il Yong Kim; Je Kyung Seong; Hyung-In Yang; Dae Hyun Hahm. Anti-obesity effect of taurine through inhibition of adipogenesis in white fat tissue but not in brown fat tissue in a high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model. Amino Acids 2018, 51, 245 -254.

AMA Style

Kyoung Soo Kim, Min Ju Jang, Sungsoon Fang, Seul Gi Yoon, Il Yong Kim, Je Kyung Seong, Hyung-In Yang, Dae Hyun Hahm. Anti-obesity effect of taurine through inhibition of adipogenesis in white fat tissue but not in brown fat tissue in a high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model. Amino Acids. 2018; 51 (2):245-254.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kyoung Soo Kim; Min Ju Jang; Sungsoon Fang; Seul Gi Yoon; Il Yong Kim; Je Kyung Seong; Hyung-In Yang; Dae Hyun Hahm. 2018. "Anti-obesity effect of taurine through inhibition of adipogenesis in white fat tissue but not in brown fat tissue in a high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model." Amino Acids 51, no. 2: 245-254.

Journal article
Published: 04 July 2018 in BMC Neuroscience
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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an important psychological disease that can develop following the physical experience or witnessing of traumatic events. The psychopathological response to traumatic stressors increases inflammation in the hippocampus and induces memory deficits. Melatonin (MTG) plays critical roles in circadian rhythm disorders, Alzheimer’s disease, and other neurological disorders. However, the cognitive efficiency of MTG and its mechanisms of action in the treatment of PTSD remain unclear. Thus, the present study investigated the effects of MTG on spatial cognitive impairments stimulated by single prolonged stress (SPS) in rats, an animal model of PTSD. Male rats received intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of various doses of MTG for 21 consecutive days after the SPS procedure. SPS-stimulated cognitive impairments in the object recognition task and Morris water maze were reversed by MTG treatment (25 mg/kg, i.p). Additionally, MTG significantly increased cognitive memory-related decreases in cAMP-response element-binding (CREB) protein and mRNA levels in the hippocampus. Our results also demonstrate that MTG significantly inhibited SPS-stimulated cognitive memory impairments by inhibiting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the rat brain. The present results indicate that MTG can be beneficial for SPS-stimulated memory impairments via changes in CREB expression and proinflammatory mediators. Thus, MTG may be a prophylactic strategy for the prevention or mitigation of the progression of some features of the PTSD pathology.

ACS Style

Bombi Lee; Insop Shim; Hyejung Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. Melatonin ameliorates cognitive memory by regulation of cAMP-response element-binding protein expression and the anti-inflammatory response in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder. BMC Neuroscience 2018, 19, 38 .

AMA Style

Bombi Lee, Insop Shim, Hyejung Lee, Dae-Hyun Hahm. Melatonin ameliorates cognitive memory by regulation of cAMP-response element-binding protein expression and the anti-inflammatory response in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder. BMC Neuroscience. 2018; 19 (1):38.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bombi Lee; Insop Shim; Hyejung Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. 2018. "Melatonin ameliorates cognitive memory by regulation of cAMP-response element-binding protein expression and the anti-inflammatory response in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder." BMC Neuroscience 19, no. 1: 38.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Life Sciences
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Acupuncture, particularly electroacupuncture (EA) has been shown to have the lipid-lowering effects, but not completely investigated. The present study was aimed to examine whether EA could attenuate poloxamer-407 (P-407)-induced hyperlipidemia in the rats and to investigate its potential mechanisms. Rats received P-407 (0.4 g/kg, i.p.) to induce hyperlipidemia. EA was performed at ST36 and ST40 acupoints a total of three times with 12 h-interval starting 1 h before the P-407 injection at 0.6 mA intensity and 2 Hz frequency for 10 min. In P-407-induced hyperlipidemic rats, EA stimulation at ST36 and ST40 acupoints significantly lowered the serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index, while markedly increasing the serum HDL-cholesterol levels. Meanwhile, hyperlipidemic rats had significantly higher expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-2, without any difference in SREBP-1 expression in the liver, as compared with normal ones. EA significantly attenuated the expression of SREBP-2 with a subsequent decrease in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase and an increase in low-density lipoprotein receptor at both mRNA and protein levels in the liver of hyperlipidemic rats. These changes did not occur after electrical stimulation at a non-acupoint. Taken together, our findings indicate that EA stimulation to P-407-induced hyperlipidemic rats improves the lipid abnormalities, which may be associated with regulation of the expression of key enzymes of cholesterol synthesis in the liver through modulation of SREBP-2.

ACS Style

Mijung Yeom; Jinhee Park; Bombi Lee; Hyang Sook Lee; Hi-Joon Park; Ran Won; Hyejung Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. Electroacupuncture ameliorates poloxamer 407-induced hyperlipidemia through suppressing hepatic SREBP-2 expression in rats. Life Sciences 2018, 203, 20 -26.

AMA Style

Mijung Yeom, Jinhee Park, Bombi Lee, Hyang Sook Lee, Hi-Joon Park, Ran Won, Hyejung Lee, Dae-Hyun Hahm. Electroacupuncture ameliorates poloxamer 407-induced hyperlipidemia through suppressing hepatic SREBP-2 expression in rats. Life Sciences. 2018; 203 ():20-26.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mijung Yeom; Jinhee Park; Bombi Lee; Hyang Sook Lee; Hi-Joon Park; Ran Won; Hyejung Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. 2018. "Electroacupuncture ameliorates poloxamer 407-induced hyperlipidemia through suppressing hepatic SREBP-2 expression in rats." Life Sciences 203, no. : 20-26.

Journal article
Published: 08 May 2018 in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
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Human placenta hydrolysate (hPH) has been utilized to improve menopausal, fatigue, liver function. Its high concentration of bioactive substances is known to produce including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities. However, its mechanisms of stress-induced depression remain unknown. The present study examined the effect of hPH on stress-induced depressive behaviors and biochemical parameters in rats. hPH (0.02 ml, 0.2 ml or 1 ml/rat) was injected intravenously 30 min before the daily stress session in male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to repeated immobilization stress (4 h/day for 7 days). The depressive-like behaviors of all groups were measured by elevated plus maze (EPM) and forced swimming test (FST). After the behavior tests, brain samples of all groups were collected for the analysis of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) staining. Treatment with hPH produced a significant decrease of immobility time in the FST compared to the controls. Additionally, hPH treatment elicited a slightly decreasing trend in anxiety behavior on the EPM. Furthermore, hPH increased the level of GPx protein in the hippocampus, and decreased the expression of NADPH-d in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). This study demonstrated that hPH has anti-stress effects via the regulation of nitric oxide (NO) synthase and antioxidant activity in the brain. These results suggest that hPH may be useful in the treatment of stress-related diseases such as chronic fatigue syndrome.

ACS Style

Hyun-Jung Park; Hyun Soo Shim; Sunyoung Lee; Dae Hyun Hahm; Hyejung Lee; Chang Taek Oh; Hae Jung Han; Hyi Jeong Ji; Insop Shim. Anti-stress effects of human placenta extract: possible involvement of the oxidative stress system in rats. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018, 18, 149 .

AMA Style

Hyun-Jung Park, Hyun Soo Shim, Sunyoung Lee, Dae Hyun Hahm, Hyejung Lee, Chang Taek Oh, Hae Jung Han, Hyi Jeong Ji, Insop Shim. Anti-stress effects of human placenta extract: possible involvement of the oxidative stress system in rats. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2018; 18 (1):149.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hyun-Jung Park; Hyun Soo Shim; Sunyoung Lee; Dae Hyun Hahm; Hyejung Lee; Chang Taek Oh; Hae Jung Han; Hyi Jeong Ji; Insop Shim. 2018. "Anti-stress effects of human placenta extract: possible involvement of the oxidative stress system in rats." BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 18, no. 1: 149.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2018 in Journal of Ethnopharmacology
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Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (SC), Lycium chinense Mill (LC) and Eucommia ulmoides Oliv (EU) are representative tonic herbal medicines that help to strengthen body muscles and bones making them stronger according to the Donguibogam, a tradition medical book of the Joseon Dynasty in Korea.To evaluate effects of an herbal formula consisting of SC, LC and EU on muscle atrophy in C2C12 myotubes and in a rat model of immobilization-induced muscle atrophy.Muscle atrophy was developed by cast immobilization of unilateral hindlimb on rats for 3 weeks. Treatments were administered orally 14 times over 3 weeks. After treatments, we compared the change of body weight, muscle weight, grip strength, muscle fiber size, muscle fiber type shift by Grip strength meter, H&E stain and ATPase stain. And western blot was used for evaluating molecular mechanism in muscle atrophy on C2C12 cells.When taken individually, SC was the most effective of the three in inhibiting tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-induced degeneration of C2C12 myogenesis. The formulation with a mass ratio of 2:1:1 SC:LC:EU (SSLE) was more effective against TNF-α-induced muscle atrophy than was a 1:1:1 SC:LC:EU formula or any of the single herbal extracts. In a rat model of disuse muscle atrophy, the SSLE formula significantly inhibited reductions in muscle weight, grip strength and muscle fiber size induced by hindlimb immobilization, in a dose-dependent manner. The formula also inhibited immobilization-induced shifting of the muscle fiber type in soleus muscle. Treatment with SSLE inhibited TNF-α-induced expression of the atrogenes atrogin-1 and muscle RING-finger protein 1 in C2C12 cells. The SSLE formula also increased myoblast differentiation markers (myoD and myogenin) and activation of the Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway.These findings suggest that the SSLE formula prevents muscle atrophy through inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome system as well as upregulation of myoblast differentiation and muscle protein synthesis in C2C12 cells. Taken together, we conclude that the SSLE formula is invaluable for the development of therapeutic medicines to prevent disuse muscle atrophy and its accompanying muscle weakness.

ACS Style

Seongguk Cho; Riwon Hong; Poorm Yim; Mijung Yeom; Bombi Lee; Woong Mo Yang; Jongki Hong; Hyang Sook Lee; Dae–Hyun Hahm. An herbal formula consisting of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill, Lycium chinense Mill and Eucommia ulmoides Oliv alleviates disuse muscle atrophy in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2018, 213, 328 -339.

AMA Style

Seongguk Cho, Riwon Hong, Poorm Yim, Mijung Yeom, Bombi Lee, Woong Mo Yang, Jongki Hong, Hyang Sook Lee, Dae–Hyun Hahm. An herbal formula consisting of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill, Lycium chinense Mill and Eucommia ulmoides Oliv alleviates disuse muscle atrophy in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2018; 213 ():328-339.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seongguk Cho; Riwon Hong; Poorm Yim; Mijung Yeom; Bombi Lee; Woong Mo Yang; Jongki Hong; Hyang Sook Lee; Dae–Hyun Hahm. 2018. "An herbal formula consisting of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill, Lycium chinense Mill and Eucommia ulmoides Oliv alleviates disuse muscle atrophy in rats." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 213, no. : 328-339.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology
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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a trauma-induced psychiatric disorder characterized by impaired fear extermination, hyperarousal, and anxiety that may involve the release of monoamines in the fear circuit. The reported pharmacological properties of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) include anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-atherosclerotic, and neuropsychiatric activities. However, the anxiolytic-like effects of TMP and its mechanism of action in PTSD are unclear. This study measured several anxiety-related behavioral responses to examine the effects of TMP on symptoms of anxiety in rats after single prolonged stress (SPS) exposure by reversing the serotonin (5-HT) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction. Rats were given TMP (10, 20, or 40 mg/kg, i.p.) for 14 days after SPS exposure. Administration of TMP significantly reduced grooming behavior, increased the time spent and number of visits to the open arm in the elevated plus maze test, and significantly increased the number of central zone crossings in the open field test. TMP administration significantly reduced the freezing response to contextual fear conditioning and significantly restored the neurochemical abnormalities and the SPS-induced decrease in 5-HT tissue levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. The increased 5-HT concentration during TMP treatment might be partially attribute to the tryptophan and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid mRNA level expression in the hippocampus of rats with PTSD. These findings support a role for reducing the altered serotonergic transmission in rats with PTSD. TMP simultaneously attenuated the HPA axis dysfunction. Therefore, TMP may be useful for developing an agent for treating psychiatric disorders, such those observed in patients with PTSD.

ACS Style

Bombi Lee; Insop Shim; Hyejung Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. Tetramethylpyrazine reverses anxiety-like behaviors in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder. The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2018, 22, 525 -538.

AMA Style

Bombi Lee, Insop Shim, Hyejung Lee, Dae-Hyun Hahm. Tetramethylpyrazine reverses anxiety-like behaviors in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder. The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology. 2018; 22 (5):525-538.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bombi Lee; Insop Shim; Hyejung Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. 2018. "Tetramethylpyrazine reverses anxiety-like behaviors in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder." The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 22, no. 5: 525-538.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Phytomedicine
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These results suggest that the ethanolic extract of ACI have significant anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects in a rodent arthritis model and in IL-1β-stimulated FLS cells. Thus, ACI may be a useful candidate for developing pharmaceuticals or dietary supplements for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis.

ACS Style

Riwon Hong; Bongjun Sur; Mijung Yeom; Bombi Lee; Kyoung Soo Kim; Joyce P. Rodriguez; Sanghyun Lee; Ki Sung Kang; Chang-Ki Huh; Sang Cheon Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of the ethanolic extract of Aralia continentalis Kitag. in IL-1β-stimulated human fibroblast-like synoviocytes and rodent models of polyarthritis and nociception. Phytomedicine 2018, 38, 45 -56.

AMA Style

Riwon Hong, Bongjun Sur, Mijung Yeom, Bombi Lee, Kyoung Soo Kim, Joyce P. Rodriguez, Sanghyun Lee, Ki Sung Kang, Chang-Ki Huh, Sang Cheon Lee, Dae-Hyun Hahm. Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of the ethanolic extract of Aralia continentalis Kitag. in IL-1β-stimulated human fibroblast-like synoviocytes and rodent models of polyarthritis and nociception. Phytomedicine. 2018; 38 ():45-56.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Riwon Hong; Bongjun Sur; Mijung Yeom; Bombi Lee; Kyoung Soo Kim; Joyce P. Rodriguez; Sanghyun Lee; Ki Sung Kang; Chang-Ki Huh; Sang Cheon Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. 2018. "Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of the ethanolic extract of Aralia continentalis Kitag. in IL-1β-stimulated human fibroblast-like synoviocytes and rodent models of polyarthritis and nociception." Phytomedicine 38, no. : 45-56.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology
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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a trauma-induced psychiatric disorder characterized by impaired fear extermination, hyperarousal, anxiety, depression, and amnesic symptoms that may involve the release of monoamines in the fear circuit. The present study measured several anxiety-related behavioral responses to examine the effects of berberine (BER) on symptoms of anxiety in rats after single prolonged stress (SPS) exposure, and to determine if BER reversed the dopamine (DA) dysfunction. Rats received BER (10, 20, or 30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, once daily) for 14 days after SPS exposure. BER administration significantly increased the time spent in the open arms and reduced grooming behavior during the elevated plus maze test, and increased the time spent in the central zone and the number of central zone crossings in the open field test. BER restored neurochemical abnormalities and the SPS-induced decrease in DA tissue levels in the hippocampus and striatum. The increased DA concentration during BER treatment may partly be attributed to mRNA expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and the DA transporter in the hippocampus, while BER exerted no significant effects on vesicular monoamine transporter mRNA expression in the hippocampus of rats with PTSD. These results suggest that BER had anxiolytic-like effects on behavioral and biochemical measures associated with anxiety. These findings support a role for reduced anxiety altered DAergic transmission and reduced anxiety in rats with PTSD. Thus, BER may be a useful agent to treat or alleviate psychiatric disorders like those observed in patients with PTSD.

ACS Style

Bombi Lee; Insop Shim; Hyejung Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. Berberine alleviates symptoms of anxiety by enhancing dopamine expression in rats with post-traumatic stress disorder. The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2018, 22, 183 -192.

AMA Style

Bombi Lee, Insop Shim, Hyejung Lee, Dae-Hyun Hahm. Berberine alleviates symptoms of anxiety by enhancing dopamine expression in rats with post-traumatic stress disorder. The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology. 2018; 22 (2):183-192.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bombi Lee; Insop Shim; Hyejung Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. 2018. "Berberine alleviates symptoms of anxiety by enhancing dopamine expression in rats with post-traumatic stress disorder." The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 22, no. 2: 183-192.

Review
Published: 25 May 2017 in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
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Not many studies have investigated individual sensitivity to acupuncture. To explore the intrinsic factors related to individual responses to acupuncture, we reviewed published pre-clinical studies using responder analysis on pain. We searched the PubMed and EMBASE databases to June 2015. We included pre-clinical reports describing responders and non-responders to anti-nociceptive and analgesic effects of acupuncture in animal study. We identified the potential intrinsic factors which might be related with the response to acupuncture. Totally, 216 potentially relevant articles were retrieved and 14 studies met our inclusion criteria. Rat (n = 1348) and rabbit (n = 56) were used, and only electroacupuncture (EA) was applied as an intervention. Results showed that high levels of cholecystokinin-8 and receptors were associated with poor responsiveness to EA. Endogenous opioids including β-endorphin and met-enkephalin, descending inhibitory norepinephrine and serotonin system, and hypothalamic 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase seemed to be associated with high-level responses. Spinal levels of neurotransmitters and pro-inflammatory cytokines were also differentially expressed depending on the EA sensitiveness. In the central nervous system, hypothalamus, periaqueductal grey, pituitary gland, and spinal cord were suggested to be involved in the EA responsiveness. Identified individual variations did not seem to be accidental, as the responsiveness to EA was replicated over time. However, methodological issues such as reproducibility, cut-off criteria, and clinical relevance need to be further elaborated. Our study suggests that the identification of the biological factors differentiating responders from non-responders is necessary and it may aid in understanding how acupuncture modulates pain.

ACS Style

Yu-Kang Kim; Ji-Yeun Park; Seung-Nam Kim; Mijung Yeom; Seungmin Lee; Ju-Young Oh; Hyangsook Lee; Younbyoung Chae; Dae-Hyun Hahm; Hi-Joon Park. What intrinsic factors influence responsiveness to acupuncture in pain?: a review of pre-clinical studies that used responder analysis. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017, 17, 281 .

AMA Style

Yu-Kang Kim, Ji-Yeun Park, Seung-Nam Kim, Mijung Yeom, Seungmin Lee, Ju-Young Oh, Hyangsook Lee, Younbyoung Chae, Dae-Hyun Hahm, Hi-Joon Park. What intrinsic factors influence responsiveness to acupuncture in pain?: a review of pre-clinical studies that used responder analysis. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2017; 17 (1):281.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu-Kang Kim; Ji-Yeun Park; Seung-Nam Kim; Mijung Yeom; Seungmin Lee; Ju-Young Oh; Hyangsook Lee; Younbyoung Chae; Dae-Hyun Hahm; Hi-Joon Park. 2017. "What intrinsic factors influence responsiveness to acupuncture in pain?: a review of pre-clinical studies that used responder analysis." BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 17, no. 1: 281.

Journal article
Published: 18 January 2017 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Atopic dermatitis (AD) and stress create a vicious cycle: stress exacerbates atopic symptoms, and atopic disease elicits stress and anxiety. Targeting multiple pathways including stress and allergic inflammation is, therefore, important for treating AD. In this study, we investigated the remedial value of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. (PTW) for treating immobilization (IMO) stress-exacerbated atopy-like skin dermatitis and its underlying mechanism. Trimellitic anhydride (TMA) was applied to dorsal skin for sensitization and subsequently both ears for eliciting T-cell-dependent contact hypersensitivity in mice, which underwent 2 h-IMO stress and PTW administration for the latter 6 and 9 days in the ear exposure period of TMA, respectively. To elicit in vitro degranulation of human mast cell line-1 (HMC-1), 10 µM substance P (SP) and 200 nM corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) were sequentially added with 48 h-interval. PTW extract (500 µg/mL) was added 30 min before CRF treatment. IMO stress exacerbated TMA-induced scratching behavior by 252%, and increased their blood corticosterone levels by two-fold. Treatment with 250 mg/kg PTW significantly restored IMO stress-exacerbated scratching behavior and other indicators such as skin inflammation and water content, lymph node weights, and serum histamine and immunoglobulin E (lgE) levels. Furthermore, it also reversed TMA-stimulated expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-4 mRNAs in ear tissues. PTW significantly inhibited SP/CRF-stimulated degranulation of HMC-1 cells, subsequent tryptase secretion, and protein kinase A (PKA) activity. PTW also selectively inhibited p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation in SP/CRF-treated HMC-1 cells. PTW significantly inhibited HMC-1 cell degranulation and alleviated IMO stress-exacerbated atopic dermatitis symptoms by modulating the PKA/p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

ACS Style

Bongjun Sur; Bombi Lee; Ye Seul Yoon; Pooreum Lim; Riwon Hong; Mijung Yeom; Hyang Sook Lee; Hijoon Park; Insop Shim; Hyejung Lee; Young Pyo Jang; Dae-Hyun Hahm. Extract of Polygala tenuifolia Alleviates Stress-Exacerbated Atopy-Like Skin Dermatitis through the Modulation of Protein Kinase A and p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2017, 18, 190 .

AMA Style

Bongjun Sur, Bombi Lee, Ye Seul Yoon, Pooreum Lim, Riwon Hong, Mijung Yeom, Hyang Sook Lee, Hijoon Park, Insop Shim, Hyejung Lee, Young Pyo Jang, Dae-Hyun Hahm. Extract of Polygala tenuifolia Alleviates Stress-Exacerbated Atopy-Like Skin Dermatitis through the Modulation of Protein Kinase A and p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 18 (1):190.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bongjun Sur; Bombi Lee; Ye Seul Yoon; Pooreum Lim; Riwon Hong; Mijung Yeom; Hyang Sook Lee; Hijoon Park; Insop Shim; Hyejung Lee; Young Pyo Jang; Dae-Hyun Hahm. 2017. "Extract of Polygala tenuifolia Alleviates Stress-Exacerbated Atopy-Like Skin Dermatitis through the Modulation of Protein Kinase A and p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18, no. 1: 190.

Evaluation study
Published: 03 January 2017 in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
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Biomechanical phenomenon called “needle grasp” through the winding of connective tissue has been proposed as an action mechanism of acupuncture manipulation. The aim of the present study is to verify whether the needle grasp force affects the pain-relieving activity of acupuncture in the tail-flick latency (TFL) and the rat paw formalin tests. In order to make different roughness on the acupuncture needle surface, the needles with 0.2 mm-diameter were scratched using silicon carbide sandpapers with the grit numbers of 600 (mild coarse) and 200 (extra coarse). The surface roughness and rotation-induced torque of the scratched needles were then measured by atomic force microscope and Acusensor®, respectively. Rat abdominal wall tissues including insertion site of acupuncture needle were excised after 5 unidirectional rotations of the needles having various degrees of roughness, and the morphological changes of connective tissues were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin (H-E) staining. Finally, the effects of coarse needle surface on anti-nociception induced by twirling manipulation were tested in rat TFL and formalin test. It was observed that the rougher the needle surface, the stronger the needle grasp force and thickness of subcutaneous connective tissue while rotating. TFL increased in proportion to surface roughness of the ground needles 10 min after acupuncture into the Zusanli acupoint (ST36) on rat’s legs. In the rat formalin test, the rougher needle also significantly exerted the larger analgesic effect during both early and late phases compared to non-ground normal needle. Surface roughness of the acupuncture needle enhanced an anti-nociceptive activity of acupuncture therapy in rats, which partially supports the mechanical signaling theory through connective tissues in acupuncture manipulation.

ACS Style

Sunoh Kwon; Yangseok Lee; Hi-Joon Park; Dae-Hyun Hahm. Coarse needle surface potentiates analgesic effect elicited by acupuncture with twirling manipulation in rats with nociceptive pain. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017, 17, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Sunoh Kwon, Yangseok Lee, Hi-Joon Park, Dae-Hyun Hahm. Coarse needle surface potentiates analgesic effect elicited by acupuncture with twirling manipulation in rats with nociceptive pain. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2017; 17 (1):1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sunoh Kwon; Yangseok Lee; Hi-Joon Park; Dae-Hyun Hahm. 2017. "Coarse needle surface potentiates analgesic effect elicited by acupuncture with twirling manipulation in rats with nociceptive pain." BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 17, no. 1: 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2016 in Journal of Pharmacological Sciences
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Hyperlipidemia is associated with increased risk of the development of cardiovascular diseases. Although a great deal of attention has been paid to the hypolipidemic activity of fucoidan, complex polysaccharides from brown seaweeds, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. This study was performed to investigate whether and how fucoidan has lipid-lowering potential in poloxamer-407 (P407)-induced hyperlipidemic mice. Fucoidan treatment 2 h after acute administration of P407 in these mice significantly reduced serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol levels, but increased the levels of HDL cholesterol. In HepG2 hepatocytes and the liver, fucoidan decreased the expression of FAS and ACC mRNA with no or only a moderate inhibitory effect on SREBP-1c mRNA expression. Furthermore, fucoidan attenuated the hepatic expression of mature SREBP-2 protein with a subsequent decrease in hepatic HMG-CoA reductase mRNA expression and an increase in hepatic LDL receptor mRNA expression. In addition, atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta of chronically P407-treated mice were also reduced by fucoidan. These findings indicate that fucoidan improves serum lipid levels by regulating the expression of key enzymes of cholesterol and triglyceride syntheses in the liver through modulation of SREBP-2.

ACS Style

Jinhee Park; Mijung Yeom; Dae-Hyun Hahm. Fucoidan improves serum lipid levels and atherosclerosis through hepatic SREBP-2-mediated regulation. Journal of Pharmacological Sciences 2016, 131, 84 -92.

AMA Style

Jinhee Park, Mijung Yeom, Dae-Hyun Hahm. Fucoidan improves serum lipid levels and atherosclerosis through hepatic SREBP-2-mediated regulation. Journal of Pharmacological Sciences. 2016; 131 (2):84-92.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jinhee Park; Mijung Yeom; Dae-Hyun Hahm. 2016. "Fucoidan improves serum lipid levels and atherosclerosis through hepatic SREBP-2-mediated regulation." Journal of Pharmacological Sciences 131, no. 2: 84-92.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2016 in Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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We examined whether wogonin (WO) improved hippocampal neuronal activity, behavioral alterations and cognitive impairment, in rats induced by administration of trimethyltin (TMT), an organotin compound that is neurotoxic to these animals. The ability of WO to improve cognitive efficacy in the TMT-induced neurodegenerative rats was investigated using a passive avoidance test, and the Morris water maze test, and using immunohistochemistry to detect components of the acetylcholinergic system, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) expression. Rats injected with TMT showed impairments in learning and memory and daily administration of WO improved memory function, and reduced aggressive behavior. Administration of WO significantly alleviated the TMT-induced loss of cholinergic immunoreactivity and restored the hippocampal expression levels of BDNF and CREB proteins and their encoding mRNAs to normal levels. These findings suggest that WO might be useful as a new therapy for treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases.

ACS Style

Bombi Lee; Bongjun Sur; Seong-Guk Cho; Mijung Yeom; Insop Shim; Hyejung Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. Wogonin Attenuates Hippocampal Neuronal Loss and Cognitive Dysfunction in Trimethyltin-Intoxicated Rats. Biomolecules & Therapeutics 2016, 24, 328 -337.

AMA Style

Bombi Lee, Bongjun Sur, Seong-Guk Cho, Mijung Yeom, Insop Shim, Hyejung Lee, Dae-Hyun Hahm. Wogonin Attenuates Hippocampal Neuronal Loss and Cognitive Dysfunction in Trimethyltin-Intoxicated Rats. Biomolecules & Therapeutics. 2016; 24 (3):328-337.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bombi Lee; Bongjun Sur; Seong-Guk Cho; Mijung Yeom; Insop Shim; Hyejung Lee; Dae-Hyun Hahm. 2016. "Wogonin Attenuates Hippocampal Neuronal Loss and Cognitive Dysfunction in Trimethyltin-Intoxicated Rats." Biomolecules & Therapeutics 24, no. 3: 328-337.