Our findings revealed that the composition of the constituents, reaction conditions, and synthetic processes all influence the characteristics and therefore the applications of the resulting biopolymer composites.

Here we report for the first time that the H₂ bubbles generated by photocatalytic water splitting are effective in the layer-by-layer exfoliation of MoS₂ nanocrystals (NCs) into few layers. The as-obtained few layers can be in situ assembled with CdS nanosheets (NSs) into van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) of few-layered MoS₂/CdS NSs which, in turn, are effective in charge separation and transfer, leading to enhanced photocatalytic H₂ production activity. The few-layered MoS₂/CdS vdWHs exhibited a H₂ evolution rate of 140 mmol g_(CdS) ⁻¹ h⁻¹ and achieved an apparent quantum yield of 66% at 420 nm.

Semiconducting membrane combined with nanomaterials is an auspicious combination that may successfully eliminate diverse waste products from water while consuming little energy and reducing pollution. Creating an inexpensive, steady, flexible, and diversified business material for membrane production is a critical challenge in membrane technology development. Because of its unusual structure and high catalytic activity, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has come out as a viable material for membranes. Furthermore, their great durability, high permanency under challenging environments, and long-term use without decrease in flux are significant advantages. The advanced material techniques used to manage the molecular assembly of g-C3N4 for separation membrane were detailed in this review work. The progress in using g-C3N4-based membranes for water treatment has been detailed in this presentation. The review delivers an updated description of g-C3N4 based membranes and their separation functions and new ideas for future enhancements/adjustments to address their weaknesses in real-world situations. Finally, the ongoing problems and promising future research directions for g-C3N4-based membranes are discussed.