Digital transformation and sustainability are both at the forefront of current supply chain developments. However, the specific mechanisms of how digital transformation and green supply chain development interact still need to be clarified, which can help supply chain business operators to enhance supply chain sustainability more effectively. This paper focuses on how the companies’ organization structure and the socio-economic environment interact with digital technologies under the process of green supply chain development. Based on the “Technology–Organization–Environment” (TOE) framework, this paper analyze how digital transformation can drive green supply chain development. To test the TOE theoretical analysis framework, this paper calculates the digital transformation and green supply chain development index at the provincial level in China and conducts an empirical study. The main findings and implications of this paper can be summarized in the following aspects: First, according to the TOE theory, the external environment dimensions, such as the market and policy environments, affect the role of digital technology in promoting GSC development. Second, in the organizational dimensions, labor–capital relations, company size, and ownership factors can all affect the contribution of digital transformation to green supply chains. Third, there are differences in the impact of different types of digitization technologies on GSC development.

This paper analyses direct and indirect mechanisms of the promoting effect of green technology innovation of transport companies on the SSC development. Based on China’s transport sector data, we conduct an empirical study using the LL-FE model. Theoretical and empirical studies have two key findings: (1) On the direct mechanism, green technology innovations of transport companies have a positive role of promoting SSC development. When the level of green technological innovation of transportation enterprises increases by 1% totally, the level of transportation carbon emissions decreases by about 0.23%. (2) As for indirect mechanisms, green technology innovations of transport companies will promote SSC development through technology spill over, market competition and social network. This paper enriches the understanding of green technological innovation and SSC both in theoretical and empirical aspects.

Developing countries face a significant challenge in sustaining their demographic dividend. However, there are few existing studies that approach this issue from a macroeconomic perspective or through empirical research. This paper aims to systematically analyze the impact of the demographic dividend and education dividend on economic growth. By utilizing China’s empirical evidence and employing the System GMM method, we explore how to improve both dividends. Our main findings can be summarized into three aspects. First, the demographic dividend does not depend on population size alone but also on the size of the labor force. Second, education can improve the demographic dividend and thereby prove the existence of an education dividend. Finally, the effects of the demographic and education dividends vary across regions and stages of development within developing countries. This research enriches the existing literature on education and population age in developing countries.

This paper focuses on the path of China’s participation in global value chain reconstruction and concludes three ways to reconstruct the global value chain: embedding in the global value chain, reconstructing the national value chain, and leading the regional value chain. Based on the value-added accounting system and the latest statistics of the TiVA database, we construct an index system for the path selection of global value chain reconstruction and put forward a more suitable path for different manufacturing industries in China. According to the VRCA index and ranking of each type of manufacturing industry, our study concludes that: transportation equipment manufacturing tends to embed in global value chains; textiles, clothing, leather, and related manufacturing; wood products, paper products, and printing; chemical and non-metallic mineral products; base metals and metal products; computer, electronic, and electrical equipment manufacturing; machinery and equipment manufacturing; and other manufacturing industries tend to dominate the regional value chains; and food and beverage manufacturing and tobacco industries tend to restructure national value chains. Finally, our paper gives suggestions and prospects for path upgrading; promoting the integrated development of e-commerce and the manufacturing industry can enhance the competitive advantages of China’s manufacturing industry and achieve path upgrading and optimization. Furthermore, the two-way nesting of the “Belt and Road” regional value chain and global value chain can help China’s manufacturing industry eliminate the dilemma of low-end lock-in and upgrade from the original low-end dependent embedding mode to the middle high-end hub embedding mode.