Fly ash from waste incineration and waste poplar bark from furniture manufacturing are domestic wastes. In this study, fly ash and poplar bark were used as raw materials to prepare activated carbon via carbonization, steam activation and reagent modification. The effects of the raw material mixing ratio, carbonization temperature, activator concentration and modifier concentration on the physicochemical properties of the semi-coke and activated carbon were investigated through experiments. The experiment showed that when the carbonization temperature was 300 °C, the steam concentration was 20%, the mixing ratio of the poplar bark and fly ash (B:F) was 5:1, and the modifier was 6% K₂CO₃ reagent and 9% CaCl₂. The prepared activated carbon had a better yield, specific surface area and pore structure, and had an abundant surface functional group structure. This paper points out the direction for the industrial directional production of activated carbon adsorbents with excellent physical and chemical properties, which has practical significance.

σ phase is one of the main precipitates affecting the toughness of austenitic stainless steel, V-notch impact test, SEM, EDS and TEM analysis were conducted on the newly developed 22Cr15Ni3.5Cu stainless steel after 650°C aging. Precipitation mechanism of σ phase and its effect on the toughness of the material were analyzed. The test results show that toughness of the material decreases to 25.6J after 300h aging, σ phase started to precipitate along the grain boundary after 500h aging, and in the crystal after 1000h aging. The precipitation spacing is about 100 nm, forming a gradually increasing size from crystal to grain boundary. As the precipitation time 500h of σ phase was later than the critical aging time of ductile brittle transition, it can be inferred from the test result that σ phase is not the main precipitation phase affecting the toughness of 22Cr15Ni3.5Cu.

The system performance of the supercritical CO₂ Brayton cycle for the Sodium Fast Reactor with a partial-cooling layout was studied, and an economic analysis was carried out. The energetic, exergetic, and exergoeconomic analyses are presented, and the optimized results were compared with the recompression cycle. The sensitivity analyses were conducted by considering the variations in the pressure ratios and inlet temperatures of the main compressor and the turbine. The exergy efficiency of the partial-cooling cycle reached 63.65% with a net power output of 34.39 MW via optimization. The partial-cooling cycle obtained a minimum total cost rate of 2230.36 USD/h and exergy efficiency of 63.65% when the pressure ratio was equal to 3.50. The inlet temperature of the main compressor was equal to 35 °C, and the inlet temperature of the turbine was equal to 480 °C. The total cost of recuperators decreased with the increase in the pressure ratio and the inlet temperatures of the main compressor. In addition, the total cost of recuperator could be reduced by increasing the outlet temperature of the turbine. The change in cost from exergy loss and destruction with the pressure ratio was substantially larger than with the inlet temperature of the turbine or the main compressor. Manipulating the pressure ratio is an essential method to guarantee good economy of the system. Moreover, capital investment, operation, and maintenance costs normally accounted for large proportions of the total cost rate, being almost double the cost from the exergy loss and destruction occurring in each condition.