Introduction: Nutrition literacy is a relatively new concept that seems to have a relevant role on the quality of people’s diets; however, we do not know the role of nutrition literacy interventions on children’s food habits and nutrition security. Methods: We conducted a literature review on four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane) and we considered studies describing the impact of interventions aimed at improving the quality of children’s diet. Results: A total of six articles were finally included. The total number of participants included in the studies was 4016, and the median study size was equal to 224 participants. Studies included in the review reflected a broad heterogeneity of interventions. Conclusions: The results were contrasting and revealed that the most effective type of nutrition literacy interventions included the following characteristics: technological components, involvement with multiple modalities, duration of more than 4 weeks, and face to face sessions.

Vaccine literacy (VL) mediates the transfer of information and facilitates vaccination acceptance. The aims of this study are to validate the HLVa-IT (Health Literacy Vaccinale degli adulti in Italiano—Vaccine health literacy for adults in Italian language) for the staff of nursing homes (NHs), to measure VL in such a peculiar target group, and to assess its relationship with the sources used to obtain information about vaccines and vaccinations. A survey has been conducted in a sample of Tuscan NHs using an online questionnaire. Eight-hundred and fifty-three questionnaires were analyzed. Two dimensions of the HLVa-IT appeared (functional and interactive/communicative/critical VL). The HLVa-IT interactive/communicative/critical subscale score was slightly higher than the functional subscale, although with no statistical significance. General practitioners (GPs) or other professionals have been reported as the main source of information by most of the respondents (66.1%). The HLVa-IT total score was significantly higher among those who have declared to use official vaccination campaigns (mean score: 3.25 ± 0.49; p < 0.001), GPs or other health professionals (3.26 ± 0.47; p < 0.001), and search engines (3.27 ± 0.48; p = 0.040) as the main sources of information. In conclusion, the HLVa-IT could be reliable test to investigate VL for staff of NHs, and also to highlight criticalities related to information sources.

Vulvar and vaginal cancers are relatively rare cancers, but their incidence is increasing worldwide. Overall, 78% of vaginal cancers and 25% of vulvar cancers are associated with Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Immunization could be an option for the management of these cases. We researched and assessed the evidence on the efficacy of HPV vaccination administered to women previously treated with surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy with respect to the recurrence of vulvovaginal disease. From 2006 to November 2022, only one study evaluated the efficacy of HPV vaccination with respect to preventing vulvovaginal recurrences in treated women and showed that a quadrivalent HPV vaccine administered after the surgical treatment of vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) can reduce vulvar recurrence of the disease. Therefore, the efficacy of HPV vaccination with respect to vulvovaginal recurrence is still an unexplored field. Further studies are needed to produce stronger evidence in order to appropriately support interventions to protect women’s health.

: During the Covid-19 pandemic, individual and collective public health measures were undertaken to control the spread of the virus. Their effectiveness relies on people’s abilities to understand and adopt the correct behaviors. This study aims to evaluate the role of Health Literacy (HL) in influencing the adherence to Covid-19 preventive measures and risk perception of a sample of workers employed in various activities involving close contact with the population in the province of Prato (Tuscany, Italy) in the second pandemic wave (November-December 2020). A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a sample of public workers (e.g., teachers, educators, assistants/aides, other health personnel). Data on knowledge, attitudes and practices towards (KAP) Covid-19 preventive measures and risk perception were collected. HL was measured with the HLS-EU-Q6 tool. Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between HL and KAP and Covid-19 risk perception. Multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the role of HL in predicting KAP and Covid-19 risk perception, adjusted for sex, age, comorbidity, educational level, country of birth. A total of 402 people participated in this study; 47.8% had a problematic HL level. The HL level was correlated with KAP and practices towards Covid-19 prevention measures; no significant associations were found with Covid-19 risk perception. In multivariate models, HL significantly and positively predicted a higher level of knowledge of Covid-19 preventive measures (B = 0.413 for problematic HL; B = 0.542 for sufficient HL). Confirming a previous study conducted in Prato in the first pandemic wave, HL did not predict adherence to Covid-19 infection control measures, probably due to fear of the disease and attention towards prevention behaviors being still higher in the second pandemic wave. Key messages: • HL skills are linked to understanding of public health measures. • HL skills should be improved to favor the adherence to correct behaviors.