Financial literacy is a very relevant concept in today’s world, where the financial markets are growing each day. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify the critical dimensions of financial literacy in the Indian context. In this cross–sectional research, the data is collected from 698 students who were studying in leading private and government B–schools of Chandigarh Tri–City region. The exploratory factor analysis is used to extract the factors that affect the financial literacy of B–school graduates. The confirmatory factor analysis is used to validate these factors. Finally, fuzzy AHP is used to rank these factors. The results of this study identify the five critical financial literacy factors using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. In addition to this, fuzzy AHP is used to rank the identified factors. Results show that the most important factor of financial literacy is financial or professional training followed by financial behavior, financial attitude, financial knowledge, and the least important factor is financial culture. Financial literacy is essential from the youth’s point of view. To our knowledge, no such study has been done in the past, which has tried to model the financial literacy in Indian context through exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and fuzzy AHP. TOPICS:Behavioral financial theory, behavioral financial in wealth management, long term/retirement investing Key Findings ▪ Financial literacy improves the financial decisions of an individual. The measurability of the construct improves when the construct is analyzed across different dimensions. ▪ The study makes use of Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and fuzzy AHP to identify, validate and prioritize critical dimensions of financial literacy respectively. ▪ The financial training is the most important factor of financial literacy followed by financial behavior, financial attitude and financial culture.

Technology is emerging as an as an important banking mode for customers, and although almost all the banks in India are offering Internet Banking, India faces problems related to the digital divide, e-frauds, and high rates of interest, amongst other things. This is causing concern in banks, which are trying to persuade people to adopt their online banking services. Therefore, the aim with this study is to determine the antecedents of behavioural intentions to adopt e-banking in an emerging economy such as India. We did this by administering a questionnaire with 34 questions and nine constructs to which participants responded using a Likert scale of 1 to 5, 1 being strongly disagree and 5 strongly agree. All constructs used in this questionnaire were adapted from literature related to the antecedents of behavioural intentions to adopt e-banking. We received 436 valid responses, which we analysed using Cronbach’s alpha, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Structural Equation Modelling. Results show that Performance Expectancy, Hedonic Motivation, Experience, Habit and Attitude, Perceived Website Usability, and Security and Reliability positively influence the intention to adopt Internet Banking, suggesting that policymakers and bankers should focus on improving website usability and hedonic enjoyment while focusing on Internet Banking performance, security, and dependability. In addition, Effort Expectations, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions, and Trust resulted as not significant influencing factors of Internet Banking usage; Indians appear to find Internet Banking straightforward to use, perceive it as a breeze, and believe they are backed by solid support systems and organisational infrastructures. Moreover, trust is not a driving factor for Indians to adopt Internet Banking because they already perceive it as a trustworthy exercise.

The Metaverse offers an evolving landscape for extending the virtual, augmented, and extended reality on one hand, and overlapping such technologies with the real world on the other hand. Metaverse brings an immersive internet space at the tipping point of transforming the internet and influences the interaction of virtual and real worlds. This transformative impact will be exhibited across different dimensions of business and offer a wide range of entrepreneurial opportunities for entrepreneurs. This chapter discusses the entrepreneurial opportunities offered by metaverse across different sectors like digital marketing, advertisements, games, education, tourism, etc., which would reduce social inequalities and transform business.

Precious metals like gold are in high demand due to their usage as jewellery, storage of value and also as part of a diversified investment portfolio. When it comes to an investment option, it is obvious for the investors to know the expected returns in advance. Researchers apply a number of statistical and machine learning techniques to predict the future expected return of investment on gold. However, accuracy in prediction is still a challenging task due to the volatility in the market affecting parameters. The present study intended to analyse the effectiveness of a machine learning based hybrid model in predicting the future price of gold. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based on Particle Swarm Optimization (ANN-PSO) model has been tested on monthly gold price in India for the period of January 2012 to June 2021. The experimental results of the present study investigated that the ANN-PSO model is capable of predicting the future gold price with high accuracy.

The purpose of the study is to develop and validate the scale for measuring the extent of student engagement for online courses. The study draws a battery of variables from literature on student engagement. The study proposes a 6 construct based scale with 26 items. A total of 1602 university students completed the responses for the scale. All participants had a minimum of two months of experience for online courses for inclusion in survey. Firstly, exploratory factor analysis on the initial scale has been carried out and then confirmatory factor analysis has been carried out for testing the validity and reliability of the scale. After establishing the validity of the scale, a scale with six main constructs has been confirmed. The results indicated that skills, emotional, participation and performance engagement along with value to students are the main drivers of student engagement for online courses. The scale can provide an insight to educators about the main factors that can lead to enhanced levels of engagement while delivering courses online and improve the learning experience for students.