The accuracy of the line-of-sight of aviation photoelectric optoelectronic stabilization platforms is limited by two factors: external disturbance and sensor noise. An extended state observer (ESO) can effectively improve their anti-interference ability. However, due to the serious problem of gyroscope noise, further improvement of an ESO’s disturbance suppression effect is limited. This article proposes a control structure that combines a Kalman filter (KF) and ESO, effectively improving upon the interference suppression ability of a traditional ESO under the influence of noise. Firstly, an ESO was used to observe the lumped disturbance of the system, and then, the observed disturbance was compensated for in the control loop. Secondly, based on the compensation servo control system, the state equation of the system was reconstructed using a Kalman filter. Finally, the reconstructed filtered state variables were iterated onto the universal state observer, achieving the observation of disturbances while filtering out sensor noise. Under the conditions of a laboratory flight simulation turntable, the line-of-sight stability accuracy level was improved under disturbance excitation. It can be seen that the combination of a Kalman filter and extended disturbance observer proposed in this project improves the ESO’s anti-interference ability under the influence of noise.

Active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) is widely used in airborne optoelectronic stabilization platforms due to its minimal reliance on the mathematical model of the controlled object. The extended state observer (ESO) is the core of ADRC, which treats internal parameter variations and external disturbances as total disturbances, observes the disturbances as extended states, and then compensates them into the control loop to eliminate their effects. However, the ESO can only achieve a precise estimation of constant or slowly varying disturbances. When the disturbance is periodically changing, satisfactory results cannot be obtained. In this paper, a generalized high-order extended state observer (GHOESO) is proposed to achieve the precise estimation of known frequency sinusoidal disturbance signals and improve disturbance suppression levels. Through numerical simulations, a traditional ESO and GHOESO are compared in terms of disturbance observation capability and disturbance suppression ability for single and compound disturbances based on our prior knowledge of disturbance frequency. The effectiveness of the proposed GHOESO method is verified. Finally, the algorithm is applied to an airborne optoelectronic stabilization platform for a 1°/1 Hz swing experiment on a space hexapod swing table. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the GHOESO proposed in this paper.

In order to further improve the stability of the composite axis aviation photoelectric stabilization platform, a control method of negative effect compensation of disturbance (NECOD) is proposed and applied to the voice-coil fast steering mirror adjusting the optical path of the platform. The experimental results show that the control accuracy and closed-loop bandwidth of the voice-coil fast steering mirror based on NECOD have been greatly improved, while its advantages of large stroke are not possessed by piezoelectric fast mirror. The experimental results of high-frequency turntable and vibration table show that NECOD proposed in this paper has better antidisturbance performance than DOB and ARC, and its parameters are less and easy to adjust. It is proved that the robustness of NECOD is very strong in the presence of 20% parameter perturbation. The final LOS stabilization accuracy experiment shows that the NECOD voice-coil fast steering mirror proposed in this paper fully meets the performance requirements of high-precision aviation photoelectric stabilization platform, and has high practical value for improving the antidisturbance performance of the control system of aviation photoelectric stabilization platform.

Fast steering mirror (FSM) plays a crucial role in stabilization of the line‐of‐sight (LOS) and phase shift compensation. The control accuracy of the FSM is affected by various disturbances especially the vibration in the aviation environment. Traditional anti‐disturbance methods, such as disturbance observer (DOB), have a little effect of suppressing disturbance in FSM. But it also brings some problem, such as increasing mass and amplifying high frequency noise. To solve these problems, an anti‐disturbance strategy based on adaptive robust control (ARC) was proposed. And it will not amplify the high‐frequency noise which is inevitable in DOB. Experimental results show that, using adaptive robust controller, the steady‐state error of the FSM decreased 4.8 times compared to simple PID control and 1.9 times compared to DOB+PID control in the simulated vibration environment.

At present, the cogging torque of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) seriously limits the Los pointing accuracy of aviation photoelectric stabilization platforms based on PMSM, which also restricts the requirements of ultra-long-distance and high-precision aviation reconnaissance and detection. For this problem, an off-line iterative learning control (ILC) was designed, and on this basis, a control method of negative effect compensation of disturbance (NECOD) is proposed. Firstly, the “dominant disturbance torque” in the system, that is, the cogging torque with the characteristics of position periodicity, was suppressed by off-line ILC according to different positions. Then, for the “residual disturbance” after compensation, NECOD was used to suppress it. In the constant speed scanning experiment of the aviation photoelectric stabilization platform, the method of combining the off-line iterative learning controller and the negative effect compensation of disturbance (NECOD + ILC) proposed in this paper significantly improved the Los control accuracy of the platform when compared with the classical active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) and ADRC + ILC methods, and the Los pointing error of the constant speed scanning process had only increased by less than 5% when the system had ±15% parameter perturbation. In addition, NECOD + ILC has fewer parameters and is easy to adjust, which is conducive to engineering application and promotion.

In recent years, with the rapid development of the unmanned aerial vehicle industry, aviation optoelectronic turrets have been widely applied in fields such as terrain exploration, disaster prevention and mitigation, and national defense. Vibration isolation systems play a critical role in ensuring their imaging performance. This paper proposes a novel eight-leg six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) passive vibration isolation system tailored to the characteristics of aviation optoelectronic turrets, addressing the limitations of traditional Stewart passive vibration isolation platforms. A static analysis of the system is conducted, deriving the general form of the mass matrix under application conditions for aviation optoelectronic turrets. Structural configuration conditions are established to ensure that the stiffness matrix and damping matrix are diagonal matrices. In dynamic analysis and simulations, the transmissibility in each direction is simulated, and the impact of leg failure on the vibration isolation performance of this redundant system is further investigated. Under random vibration excitation, the maximum rotational vibration angles of a specific aviation optoelectronic turret are simulated and analyzed, confirming its stable tracking capability and validating the effectiveness of the redundant leg design in the vibration isolation system.