《地球科学》(ISSN 1000-2383;CN42-1874/P) (原刊名《地球科学——中国地质大学学报》ISSN 1000-2383;CN42-1233/P)，创刊于1957年，是由教育部主管、中国地质大学主办的综合性地学学术理论期刊，月刊，2015年改名为《地球科学》,她以反映中国地质大学教学与科研最新的、高水平的基础地质、应用地质、资源与环境地质及地学工程技术研究成果为主要任务。

The Nuocang Cu polymetallic district is located in western Gangdese, close to the south of the Luobadui–Milashan fault zone. A large number of metal deposits with the potential to be prospected, such as Chagele, Zhalong, Longgen, and Sangmola, have been found near this district. To further isolate the target prospecting area, we used a portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (pXRF) to conduct an in situ 1:10,000 soil pedogeochemical survey. The results show that the use of a pXRF combined with the geological connotation method (GCM) can accurately delineate the anomalies related to mineralization and highlight “weak” and “small” anomalies. It was also shown to effectively shorten the working cycle and ensure the continuity and timeliness of field work. Through sizing tests, the analysis of −10~+60 mesh soil samples achieved the best anomaly delineation effect. By studying the supra-ore, near-ore, sub-ore halo, and Th/U, the degree of denudation and the oxidation-reduction environment of the deposit were judged to be moderate. Ultimately, depending on the target area delineated by the pXRF, six Cu-Pb-Zn orebodies were uncapped by five exploratory trenches, which proved the potentiality of the Cu-Pb-Zn polymetallic epithermal deposit controlled by minor faults in Central Nuocang.

The Cimabanshuo deposit, situated in the western Gangdese Belt, is a recently discovered porphyry Cu deposit formed in a post-collisional setting, approximately 10 km from the giant Zhunuo porphyry Cu deposit. Despite its proximity to Zhunuo, Cimabanshuo remains poorly studied, and the current exploration depth of 600 m leaves the potential for deeper resources uncertain. In this study, 840 samples from four drill holes along the NW-SE section (A-A′) were analyzed using portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF). Based on the geochemical characteristics of primary halos, the deep mineralization potential of Cimabanshuo was evaluated. The results show that Co, Pb, and Ag are near-ore indicator elements; Zn, Cs, Hg, Sb, As, and Ba represent the frontal elements; and Te, Sn, and Bi occur as tail elements. Based on these distributions, a 14-element zoning sequence is defined along the A-A′ profile according to Gregorian’s zoning index, showing Mo-Co-Cu-Pb-Bi-Ag-Sn-Te-Sb-Hg-Cs-Zn-Ba-As from shallow to deep. This sequence shows a distinct reverse zonation pattern, in which tail elements occur in the middle and frontal elements appear at depth, suggesting the existence of a concealed ore body in the lower part of the deposit. Horizontally, the geochemical ratios Ag/Mo and Ag/Cu decrease from northwest to southeast along the profile, implying hydrothermal flow from southeast to northwest. Vertically, the ratios As/Bi, (As × Cs)/(Bi × Te), (As × Ba)/(Bi × Sn), and (As × Ba × Cs)/(Bi × Sn × Te) display a downward-decreasing then upward-increasing trend, further indicating hidden mineralization at depth. This inference is supported by the predominance of propylitic alteration and the deep polarization anomaly revealed by audio-magnetotelluric imaging. pXRF analysis provides a fast, efficient, and environmentally friendly approach, showing strong potential for rapid geochemical evaluation in porphyry Cu exploration.