Following ELMy H-mode experiments with liquid metal divertor target on the COMPASS tokamak, we predict the behavior of a similar target on COMPASS Upgrade, where it will be exposed to surface heat fluxes even higher than those expected in the future EU DEMO attached divertor. We simulate the heat conduction, sputtering, evaporation, excitation and radiation of lithium and tin in the divertor area. Measured high-resolution data from COMPASS tokamak were rescaled towards the Upgrade based on many established scalings. Our simulation then yields the amount of released metal which ranges from 4 mg s ⁻¹ upto 12 g s ⁻¹ depending mainly on the geometry and Li/Sn choice, quite independently from active cooling or strike point sweeping.

Thermal processing such as incineration is most commonly used for the treatment of waste streams, whereby often-incomplete combustion of organic waste can lead to dangerous products in the exhaust gases. Thermal plasma technology with its wide temperature range is suitable to treat almost any chemical composition of wastes. It enables the efficient and environmentally friendly conversion of organic waste into energy or chemicals, as well as the pyrolysis of hazardous organic compounds The limitations of conventional technologies and stricter environmental legislation on the processing of wastes make plasma technologies increasingly attractive. Priority is given to environmental quality at affordable costs and to the use of innovative thermochemical conversion technologies (gasification and pyrolysis) to contribute to sustainable development and circular economy in which waste is managed as a resource.

The aim of the Erasmus Mundus Joint Master Degree (EMJMD) FUSION-EP is to provide a high-level research-oriented education and a well-integrated cultural experience within an international consortium of institutions leading the interdisciplinary field of magnetic fusion. The combined and harmonized teaching and research activities coordinated among eight partner universities in Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Germany and Spain offer a variety of competences in a field of crucial importance to the problem of world energy supply. Besides the ITER International Organization, there are 24 EU and non-EU academic and research associate partners. As the fusion community makes pace towards commercialization, the balance in research will shift from an academic-and-fundamental direction to a technology-and-industry-driven orientation. For this purpose, the programme offers two tracks: fusion science and fusion engineering. In addition, an advisory board keeps the curriculum in line with the research activities carried out by the associate and industrial partners. Internationalization, multidisciplinarity, and student mobility are inherent parts of the programme structure and philosophy. There exist several student and alumni initiatives leveraging meaningful connections within a global network. As a first step towards long-term sustainability, the consortium decided to transfer the programme coordination from Ghent University to Aix-Marseille University in 2019; the geographical, topical and professional proximity of ITER is expected to allow an optimal alignment of the programme with the professional needs of the emerging nuclear fusion industry.

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has been chosen for thermal plasma treatment using a plasma torch attached to plasma reactor, with flow rate of air 10-30 mg/s and mean temperature of the plasma jet at the torch exhaust nozzle 7000-19,000 K; the air plasma torch parameters are easily tunable to produce a suitable plasma jet for the treatment of scrap tires. The calculated cold gas efficiency of the proposed plasma treatment system for scrap tires feedstocks is 82.72%. The average weight of scrap tires in KSA is 218 500 t per year. After plasma treatment, the heat energy per ton produced annually from scrap tires in KSA is 475.4 TJ. The 16 t of synthetic syngas is enough to produce 50 013 MJ/day converted into electricity 13 972.6 kWh/day, and the 80 t of slag is enough for different industrial products. The total annual gross profit for all the products (pyrolysis oils, synthetic syngas, and slag) is $28.19 million, while the gross annual cost is $9.202 million with a cash recovery period of 1.36 years, neglecting the income tax.