Phosphorus-containing wastes formed after the production of phosphorus fertilizers in Shymkent, due to intensive urbanization were within the city limits and for reason of processes of water-wind erosion began to pose a serious threat to the environment and the population of the city. It was found that the formation of the fractional composition of wastes was influenced by the conditions of processing of raw materials, weather and climatic parameters and time characteristics of storage. The greater part of the waste are silicate and calcium-containing compounds. One of the options for waste disposal is considered the possibility of bio-leaching of valuable components from it. The choice of phase 1 nitrifies and micromycetes is justified by neutral or slightly acidic pH values of their cultivation, which will allow to abandon the use of acidophilic bacteria or sulfuric acid leaching. A variant using a strain of acidophilic bacteria Alicyclobacillus tolerans ST confirmed the effectiveness of their use in the bioleaching of magnesium, aluminum, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, REE such as lanthanum, cerium and neodymium. The use of micromycete Aspergillus niger AsIA proves its effectiveness in the extraction of zirconium and silver. The use of nitrifying bacteria Methyloversatilis thermotolerans MSO increases the extraction of barium and iron.

Due to the rapid pace of urbanization, the lead-zinc slags previously located outside the settlement turned out to be within the city of Shymkent and began to pose a serious threat to the environment. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of lead-zinc slags on the...

The aim of this work was to study the possibility of using medicinal plants in combination with salt-containing raw materials from the Aral Sea region for cosmetic purposes. The chemical and mineralogical compositions of salts occurring in this region were studied for pharmacological and cosmetic purposes. The salt-containing raw materials were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The microflora of saline-containing raw materials and flora of the Zhaksy-Klych lake were studied. Fifty-six plant species were identified, of which 25% belong to the Asteraceae family, 32% were Poaceae, 22% were Amaranthaceae, and 21% were Tamaricaceae. Using the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, the composition of volatile compounds in such plant species as Artemisia alba L., Achilleamillifolium L., Eleagus commutate Bernh. Ex Rydb., Psoraleadrupacea Bunge, Artemisia cipa O. Vegd., Thymus vulgaris L., Morus alba L., Salvia pratensis L., Glycyrhizaglabra L., Tanacetum vulgare L., Polygonumaviculare L., Alhagipseudoalhagi Gagnebin and Peganumharmala L., chosen on the basis of their herbal components for future cosmetic products, was determined. In total, 187 different volatile compounds were found in the endemic plant species Glycyrrhizaglabra L., of which the following were dominant: 1,7-octadiene-3-, 2,6-dimethyl- with a peak area of 4.71%; caryophyllenes; bicyclo[7.2.0]4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylene-, [1R-(1R*,4E,9S*)]—3.70%; bicyclo[2.2.1] heptane-2-1,7,7-trimethyl-,(1S)—3.46%; cyclohexanone, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyledene)-; 2-isopropyledene-5—2.97%; menthol; cyclohexanol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-; p-menthane-3-ol; menthol alcohol; and 2-isopropyl-5—2.08%. The remaining compounds were detected in amounts of less than 2.0%. Tests of seven cosmetic compositions developed on the basis of plant extracts and salt-containing raw materials revealed that three samples had a moisturizing effect. Launching the production of cosmetic products in the Aral region will not only reduce social tensions but also significantly improve the environmental situation in the region.

Wastewater pollution with detergents is one of the environmental problems associated with the rational use of water resources. The existing methods of physicochemical wastewater treatment, despite their efficiency, are open to secondary environmental pollution. Biological coagulation/flocculation...

To assess the level of soil contamination with oil and petroleum products, the criterion of the cenotic level as the nature of the phytocenosisformation was used. It was found that the bioindication reaction of vascular plants to oil pollution is the deterioration of quantitative and qualitative indicators of the native phytocenosis with possible self-recovery of the plant community at the threshold concentrations of petroleum products 6.0 +/- 0.3-8.0 +/- 0.5 l/m2. Light fractions of oil products cause complete destruction of the existing plant community, and the new commu-nity is formed at the expense of the soil stock of seeds and drift ruderal plant species. Dark fractions of petroleum products cause structural changes in the species composition of the existing phytocenosis. The most resistant to oil pollution of the soil are the representatives of the Poaceae family, and the representatives of the families Solanacee and Malvaceae are eliminated from the phytocenosis. For 8 years of research, the projective cover of soil with vegetation is reduced to 92.6 +/- 6.3-99.6 +/- 0.4%.