Since the Paris Agreement in 2016, the goals of limiting climate change and moving toward climate resilience stand. With a share of about 80% of global CO₂ emissions, the energy sector is an essential driver for these goals. A shift to low-carbon energy production and a decentralized system for more efficient energy transmission distribution is necessary. In this paper, we present our work on Modelling of Power Exchanges, Algorithms for Local Energy Market (LEM), Competitiveness of Combined Heat and Power Plant (CHP) and Energy Feedback Devices. The study was conducted considering technical, economic, social and regulatory framework. For easy integration into energy simulations or a district energy management system (DEMS), a model for power exchanges was created that allows flexible input or deterministic price patterns. The algorithm handles the clearing of an LEM by a district aggregator using limit orders with the goal of increasing the share of locally consumed electricity using economic incentives. An investigation was conducted into the operation of flexible CHPs in low-carbon power systems to balance the volatility of renewable energy. An Energy Signal Light (ESL) was developed as an energy feedback device, which is integrated into the DEMS in a living lab and allows individual configuration. In summary, the results presented should be compared with those of other research approaches in the future and require qualitative and quantitative evaluation.

Positional data from small and mobile Global Positioning Systems has become ubiquitous and allows for many new applications such as road traffic or vessel monitoring as well as location-based services. To make these applications possible, for which information on location is more important than ever, streaming spatial data needs to be managed, mined, and used intelligently. This article provides an overview of previous work in this evolving research field and discusses different applications as well as common problems and solutions. The conclusion indicates promising directions for future research.

Renewable energy sources generated locally are becoming increasingly popular in order to achieve carbon neutrality in the near future. Some of these sources are being used in neighbourhood (local, or energy communities) grids to achieve high levels of self-sufficiency. However, the objectives of the local grid and the distribution grid to which it is connected are different and can sometimes conflict with each other. Although the distribution grid allows access to all variable resources, in certain circumstances, such as when its infrastructure is overloaded, redispatch measures need to be implemented. The complexity and uncertainties associated with current and future energy systems make this a challenging bi-level multi-criteria optimisation problem, with the distribution grid representing the upper level and the neighbourhood grid representing the lower level. Solving these problems numerically is not an easy task. However, there are new opportunities to solve these problems with less computational costs if we decompose the flexibility in the lower lever. Therefore, this paper presents a mathematical approach to optimise grid management systems by aggregating flexibility from neighbourhood grids. This mathematical approach can be implemented with centralised or decentralised algorithms to solve congestion problems in distribution grids.

Since the Paris Agreement in 2016, the goals of limiting climate change and moving toward climate resilience stand. With a share of about \SI{80}{\percent} of global \ce{CO2} emissions, the energy sector is an essential driver for these goals. A shift to low-carbon energy production and a decentralized system for more efficient energy transmission distribution is necessary. In this paper, we present our work on Modeling of Power Exchanges, Algorithms for \ac{LEM}, Competitiveness of \ac{CHP} and Energy Feedback Devices. The study was conducted considering technical, economic, social and regulatory framework. For easy integration into energy simulations or a \ac{DEMS}, a model for power exchanges was created that allows flexible input or deterministic price patterns. The algorithm handles the clearing of an \ac{LEM} by a district aggregator using limit orders with the goal of increasing the share of locally consumed electricity using economic incentives. An investigation was conducted into the operation of flexible \acp{CHP} in low-carbon power systems to balance the volatility of renewable energy. An energy signal light was developed as an energy feedback device, which is integrated into the \ac{DEMS} in a living lab and allows individual configuration. In summary, the results presented should be compared with those of other research approaches in the future and require qualitative and quantitative evaluation.

Electron cryo-tomography is a powerful tool in structural biology, capable of visualizing the three-dimensional structure of biological samples, such as cells, organelles, membrane vesicles, or viruses at molecular detail. To achieve this, the aqueous sample is rapidly vitrified in liquid ethane, which preserves it in a close-to-native, frozen-hydrated state. In the electron microscope, tilt series are recorded at liquid nitrogen temperature, from which 3D tomograms are reconstructed. The signal-to-noise ratio of the tomographic volume is inherently low. Recognizable, recurring features are enhanced by subtomogram averaging, by which individual subvolumes are cut out, aligned and averaged to reduce noise. In this way, 3D maps with a resolution of 2 nm or better can be obtained. A fit of available high-resolution structures to the 3D volume then produces atomic models of protein complexes in their native environment. Here we show how we use electron cryo-tomography to study the in situ organization of large membrane protein complexes in mitochondria. We find that ATP synthases are organized in rows of dimers along highly curved apices of the inner membrane cristae, whereas complex I is randomly distributed in the membrane regions on either side of the rows. By subtomogram averaging we obtained a structure of the mitochondrial ATP synthase dimer within the cristae membrane.