Aiming at the problem of coal gangue identification in the current fully mechanized mining face and coal washing, this article proposed a convolution neural network (CNN) coal and rock identification method based on hyperspectral data. First, coal and rock spectrum data were collected by a near-infrared spectrometer, and then four methods were used to filter 120 sets of collected data: first-order differential (FD), second-order differential (SD), standard normal variable transformation (SNV), and multi-style smoothing. The coal and rock reflectance spectrum data were pre-processed to enhance the intensity of spectral reflectance and absorption characteristics, as well as effectively remove the spectral curve noise generated by instrument performance and environmental factors. A CNN model was constructed, and its advantages and disadvantages were judged based on the accuracy of the three parameter combinations (i.e., the learning rate, the number of feature extraction layers, and the dropout rate) to generate the best CNN classifier for the hyperspectral data for rock recognition. The experiments show that the recognition accuracy of the one-dimensional CNN model proposed in this paper reaches 94.6%. Verification of the advantages and effectiveness of the method were proposed in this article.

In order to meet the needs of intelligent perception of the driving environment, a point cloud registering method based on 3D NDT-ICP algorithm is proposed to improve the modeling accuracy of tunneling roadway environments. Firstly, Voxel Grid filtering method is used to preprocess the point cloud of tunneling roadways to maintain the overall structure of the point cloud and reduce the number of point clouds. After that, the 3D NDT algorithm is used to solve the coordinate transformation of the point cloud in the tunneling roadway and the cell resolution of the algorithm is optimized according to the environmental features of the tunneling roadway. Finally, a kd-tree is introduced into the ICP algorithm for point pair search, and the Gauss–Newton method is used to optimize the solution of nonlinear objective function of the algorithm to complete accurate registering of tunneling roadway point clouds. The experimental results show that the 3D NDT algorithm can meet the resolution requirement when the cell resolution is set to 0.5 m under the condition of processing the point cloud with the environmental features of tunneling roadways. At this time, the registering time is the shortest. Compared with the NDT algorithm, ICP algorithm and traditional 3D NDT-ICP algorithm, the registering speed of the 3D NDT-ICP algorithm proposed in this paper is obviously improved and the registering error is smaller.

Autonomous driving technology has achieved significant breakthroughs in open scenarios, enabling the deployment of excellent positioning, detection, and navigation algorithms on passenger vehicles. However, there has been limited research attention devoted to autonomous driving for specialized vehicles in non-open scenarios. This manuscript introduces a perception system designed for heavy-duty mining transportation trucks operating in open-pit mines, which are typical of non-open scenarios. The system comprises four independent algorithms: high-precision fusion positioning, multi-task 2D detection, 9 Degrees of Freedom (9 DoF) 3D head, and autonomous navigation technology. Experimental verification demonstrates the effectiveness of these methods in addressing the challenges posed by mining environments, ultimately leading to enhanced safety and efficiency for trucks. This research outcome, through the comprehensive examination of positioning, detection, and navigation, aims to address the challenges encountered by mining trucks during operations. Its significance lies in enhancing automation levels in mining scenarios.

With computer technology advancing in both software and hardware, the benefits of embodied intelligence are becoming increasingly evident. This robust interactive learning model enables artificial intelligence (AI) to be more flexibly deployed across diverse fields. In recent years, the development of multi-modal large language models (LLMs) has further accelerated the progress of AI, prompting extensive research on how to leverage these advancements to enhance the field of autonomous driving. This perspective believes that embodied intelligence can significantly enhance the application of LLMs, analyzing the new opportunities brought to the mining industry, and emphasizing the potential of their integration to revolutionize various aspects of the field. Meanwhile, This perspective also examines the challenges of deploying embodied agents in mining, while emphasizing their promising future and offering insights into potential research and development avenues.

The level of intelligence across various industries, including mining, has experienced a notable advancement since the introduction of Industry 4.0. However, the societal demands for employee well-being, resource conservation, and environmental preservation continues to be unavoidable challenges. Thus, the parallel system theory based Industry 5.0 is proposed, which augments industries with human-machine collaboration, virtual-real interaction and local-global balanced resources. In this letter, we proposed the concept of Mining 5.0. Mining 5.0 aims to realize green and sustainable development goals while prioritizing a human-centric perspective. This letter begins by elucidating the prerequisites, characteristics, and construction objectives of Mining 5.0. It then introduces the “4I”, “5O” and “6S” concluded framework of “Intelligent Mining Using Parallel Intelligence” for achieving Mining 5.0. In the last part, the efforts made by Chinese mining research institutions and leading enterprises in the development of mining intelligence standards, and the practical application of parallel mining within the mining sector are outlined. This letter is a summary of recent Distributed/Decentralized Hybrid Workshop on Autonomous Mining (DHW-AM) and aims at enhancing the intelligence of future mining operations.

Coal–gangue sorting is a vital component of intelligent mine construction. As intelligent manufacturing continued to advance, data-driven coal–gangue recognition emerged as a prominent research topic. However, conventional data-driven methods for coal–gangue recognition heavily rely on expert-extracted features. The process of feature extraction is labor-intensive and significantly impacts the final outcome. Deep learning (DL) offers an effective approach to automatically extract features from raw data. Among the various DL techniques, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have proven to be particularly effective. In this paper, we propose an intelligent method for recognizing coal–rock by fusing multiple preprocessing techniques applied to near-infrared spectra and employing dual attention. Initially, a signal-to-RGB image conversion method is applied to fuse three types of preprocessing data, namely first-order differential, second-order differential, and standard normal transform, into an RGB image representation. Subsequently, we propose a neural network model (CBAM-VIT) that integrates the convolutional block attention mechanism (CBAM) and Vision Transformer (VIT). When evaluated on the coal–rock dataset, this model achieves an accuracy of 98.5%, surpassing the performance of VIT (95.3%), VGG-16 (89%), and AlexNet (82%). The comparative results clearly demonstrate that the proposed coal–gangue recognition method yields significant improvements in classification outcomes.