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Marinus F.W. Te Pas
Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1 (Building 107), 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands

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Feed

Review
Published: 03 August 2021 in Animals
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Livestock feed encompasses both human edible and human inedible components. Human edible feed components may become less available for livestock. Especially for proteins, this calls for action. This review focuses on using alternative protein sources in feed and protein efficiency, the expected problems, and how these problems could be solved. Breeding for higher protein efficiency leading to less use of the protein sources may be one strategy. Replacing (part of) the human edible feed components with human inedible components may be another strategy, which could be combined with breeding for livestock that can efficiently digest novel protein feed sources. The potential use of novel protein sources is discussed. We discuss the present knowledge on novel protein sources, including the consequences for animal performance and production costs, and make recommendations for the use and optimization of novel protein sources (1) to improve our knowledge on the inclusion of human inedible protein into the diet of livestock, (2) because cooperation between animal breeders and nutritionists is needed to share knowledge and combine expertise, and (3) to investigate the effect of animal-specific digestibility of protein sources for selective breeding for each protein source and for precision feeding. Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics will be important tools.

ACS Style

Marinus Te Pas; Teun Veldkamp; Yvette de Haas; André Bannink; Esther Ellen. Adaptation of Livestock to New Diets Using Feed Components without Competition with Human Edible Protein Sources—A Review of the Possibilities and Recommendations. Animals 2021, 11, 2293 .

AMA Style

Marinus Te Pas, Teun Veldkamp, Yvette de Haas, André Bannink, Esther Ellen. Adaptation of Livestock to New Diets Using Feed Components without Competition with Human Edible Protein Sources—A Review of the Possibilities and Recommendations. Animals. 2021; 11 (8):2293.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marinus Te Pas; Teun Veldkamp; Yvette de Haas; André Bannink; Esther Ellen. 2021. "Adaptation of Livestock to New Diets Using Feed Components without Competition with Human Edible Protein Sources—A Review of the Possibilities and Recommendations." Animals 11, no. 8: 2293.

Journal article
Published: 23 June 2021 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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The molecular mechanism underlying embryonic implantation is vital to understand the correct communications between endometrium and developing conceptus during early stages of pregnancy. This study’s objective was to determine molecular changes in the uterine endometrial proteome during the preimplantation and peri-implantation between 9 days (9D), 12 days (12D), and 16 days (16D) of pregnant Polish Large White (PLW) gilts. 2DE-MALDI-TOF/TOF and ClueGOTM approaches were employed to analyse the biological networks and molecular changes in porcine endometrial proteome during maternal recognition of pregnancy. A total of sixteen differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified using 2-DE gels and MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. Comparison between 9D and 12D of pregnancy identified APOA1, CAPZB, LDHB, CCT5, ANXA4, CFB, TTR upregulated DEPs, and ANXA5, SMS downregulated DEPs. Comparison between 9D and 16D of pregnancy identified HP, APOA1, ACTB, CCT5, ANXA4, CFB upregulated DEPs and ANXA5, SMS, LDHB, ACTR3, HP, ENO3, OAT downregulated DEPs. However, a comparison between 12D and 16D of pregnancy identified HP, ACTB upregulated DEPs, and CRYM, ANXA4, ANXA5, CAPZB, LDHB, ACTR3, CCT5, ENO3, OAT, TTR down-regulated DEPs. Outcomes of this study revealed key proteins and their interactions with metabolic pathways involved in the recognition and establishment of early pregnancy in PLW gilts.

ACS Style

Dorota Pierzchała; Kamila Liput; Agnieszka Korwin-Kossakowska; Magdalena Ogłuszka; Ewa Poławska; Agata Nawrocka; Paweł Urbański; Aleksandra Ciepłoch; Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak; Adam Lepczyński; Brygida Ślaska; Krzysztof Kowal; Marinus Te Pas; Magdalena Śmiech; Paweł Leszczyński; Hiroaki Taniguchi; Leyland Fraser; Przemysław Sobiech; Mateusz Sachajko; Magdalena Herudzinska; Chandra Pareek; Mariusz Pierzchała. Molecular Characterisation of Uterine Endometrial Proteins during Early Stages of Pregnancy in Pigs by MALDI TOF/TOF. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2021, 22, 6720 .

AMA Style

Dorota Pierzchała, Kamila Liput, Agnieszka Korwin-Kossakowska, Magdalena Ogłuszka, Ewa Poławska, Agata Nawrocka, Paweł Urbański, Aleksandra Ciepłoch, Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak, Adam Lepczyński, Brygida Ślaska, Krzysztof Kowal, Marinus Te Pas, Magdalena Śmiech, Paweł Leszczyński, Hiroaki Taniguchi, Leyland Fraser, Przemysław Sobiech, Mateusz Sachajko, Magdalena Herudzinska, Chandra Pareek, Mariusz Pierzchała. Molecular Characterisation of Uterine Endometrial Proteins during Early Stages of Pregnancy in Pigs by MALDI TOF/TOF. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22 (13):6720.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dorota Pierzchała; Kamila Liput; Agnieszka Korwin-Kossakowska; Magdalena Ogłuszka; Ewa Poławska; Agata Nawrocka; Paweł Urbański; Aleksandra Ciepłoch; Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak; Adam Lepczyński; Brygida Ślaska; Krzysztof Kowal; Marinus Te Pas; Magdalena Śmiech; Paweł Leszczyński; Hiroaki Taniguchi; Leyland Fraser; Przemysław Sobiech; Mateusz Sachajko; Magdalena Herudzinska; Chandra Pareek; Mariusz Pierzchała. 2021. "Molecular Characterisation of Uterine Endometrial Proteins during Early Stages of Pregnancy in Pigs by MALDI TOF/TOF." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 13: 6720.

Research article
Published: 28 December 2020 in PLOS ONE
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Host defense peptides (HDPs) are an important first line of defense with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. Selection for increased body weight is hypothesized to be related to reduced immune response. We studied the relationships among body weight, age, and the HDP expression patterns in intestine and immune organs. We used chickens with marked differences of body sizes. The non-selected Daweishan mini chickens showed the highest indexes of immune organs and the lowest concentrations of the plasma immune parameters C3, C4, IgA, and IgY, while the commercial Avian broiler showed the opposite results. The Daweishan mini chickens showed the highest mRNA expressions of HDP genes in small intestine followed by the semi-selected Wuding chickens. Compared with local breeds, broiler chickens showed higher mRNA expression of HDP genes in spleen, thymus, and bursa. Body weight and HDP expression levels were negatively correlated in the intestine and positively in the immune organs. Our results indicated that the HDP immune regulatory roles in small intestine acted as first line of defense in innate immunity in local breeds, and as an adaptive immunity in broiler chickens. Selection was associated with different expression expressions of HDP genes in breed-, age-, and organ-specific manners.

ACS Style

Zhengtian Li; Irfan Ahmed; Zhiqiang Xu; Shuai Sun; Tao Li; Dahai Gu; Yong Liu; Xia Zhang; Shixiong Yan; Wenyuan Hu; Ziqing Jiang; Xiaohua Duan; Qihua Li; Lixian Liu; Hua Rong; Kun Wang; Alsoufi Mohammed Abdulwahid; Tengfei Dou; Shanrong Wang; Zhengchang Su; Changrong Ge; Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Junjing Jia; Ying Huang. Profiles of expression pattern and tissue distribution of host defense peptides genes in different chicken (Gallus gallus) breeds related to body weight. PLOS ONE 2020, 15, e0238675 .

AMA Style

Zhengtian Li, Irfan Ahmed, Zhiqiang Xu, Shuai Sun, Tao Li, Dahai Gu, Yong Liu, Xia Zhang, Shixiong Yan, Wenyuan Hu, Ziqing Jiang, Xiaohua Duan, Qihua Li, Lixian Liu, Hua Rong, Kun Wang, Alsoufi Mohammed Abdulwahid, Tengfei Dou, Shanrong Wang, Zhengchang Su, Changrong Ge, Marinus F. W. Te Pas, Junjing Jia, Ying Huang. Profiles of expression pattern and tissue distribution of host defense peptides genes in different chicken (Gallus gallus) breeds related to body weight. PLOS ONE. 2020; 15 (12):e0238675.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhengtian Li; Irfan Ahmed; Zhiqiang Xu; Shuai Sun; Tao Li; Dahai Gu; Yong Liu; Xia Zhang; Shixiong Yan; Wenyuan Hu; Ziqing Jiang; Xiaohua Duan; Qihua Li; Lixian Liu; Hua Rong; Kun Wang; Alsoufi Mohammed Abdulwahid; Tengfei Dou; Shanrong Wang; Zhengchang Su; Changrong Ge; Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Junjing Jia; Ying Huang. 2020. "Profiles of expression pattern and tissue distribution of host defense peptides genes in different chicken (Gallus gallus) breeds related to body weight." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12: e0238675.

Original research article
Published: 26 October 2020 in Frontiers in Veterinary Science
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Differences in sanitary conditions, as model to induce differences in subclinical immune stimulation, affect the growth performance and nutrient metabolism in pigs. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the colonic microbiota and the colonic and systemic metabolome of female pigs differing in health status induced by sanitary conditions. We analyzed blood and colon digesta metabolite profiles using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) and Triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, as well as colonic microbiota profiles. 1H NMR is a quantitative metabolomics technique applicable to biological samples. Weaned piglets of 4 weeks of age were kept under high or low sanitary conditions for the first 9 weeks of life. The microbiota diversity in colon digesta was higher in pigs subjected to low sanitary conditions (n = 18 per treatment group). The abundance of 34 bacterial genera was higher in colon digesta of low sanitary condition pigs, while colon digesta of high sanitary status pigs showed a higher abundance for four bacterial groups including the Megasphaera genus (p < 0.003) involved in lactate fermentation. Metabolite profiles (n = 18 per treatment group) in blood were different between both groups of pigs. These different profiles suggested changes in general nutrient metabolism, and more specifically in amino acid metabolism. Moreover, differences in compounds related to the immune system and responses to stress were observed. Microbiome-specific metabolites in blood were also affected by sanitary status of the pigs. We conclude that the microbiome composition in colon and the systemic metabolite profiles are affected by sanitary conditions and related to suboptimal health. These data are useful for exploring further relationships between health, metabolic status and performance and for the identification of biomarkers related to health (indices) and performance.

ACS Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Alfons J. M. Jansman; Leo Kruijt; Yvonne Van Der Meer; Jacques J. M. Vervoort; Dirkjan Schokker. Sanitary Conditions Affect the Colonic Microbiome and the Colonic and Systemic Metabolome of Female Pigs. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2020, 7, 585730 .

AMA Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas, Alfons J. M. Jansman, Leo Kruijt, Yvonne Van Der Meer, Jacques J. M. Vervoort, Dirkjan Schokker. Sanitary Conditions Affect the Colonic Microbiome and the Colonic and Systemic Metabolome of Female Pigs. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2020; 7 ():585730.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Alfons J. M. Jansman; Leo Kruijt; Yvonne Van Der Meer; Jacques J. M. Vervoort; Dirkjan Schokker. 2020. "Sanitary Conditions Affect the Colonic Microbiome and the Colonic and Systemic Metabolome of Female Pigs." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 7, no. : 585730.

Preprint content
Published: 24 August 2020
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Host defense peptides (HDPs) are an important first line of defense with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. Selection for increased body weight is suggested to be related to reduced immune response. We studied the relationships among body weight, age, and the HDP expression patterns in intestine and immune organs. We used chickens with marked differences of body sizes. The non-selected Daweishan mini chickens showed the highest indexes of immune organs and the lowest concentrations of the plasma immune parameters C3, C4, IgA, and IgY, while the commercial Avian broiler showed the opposite results. The Daweishan mini chickens showed the highest mRNA expressions of HDP genes in small intestine followed by the semi-selected Wuding chickens. Compared with local breeds, broiler chickens showed higher mRNA expression of HDP genes in spleen, thymus, and bursa. Body weight and HDP expression levels were negatively correlated in the intestine and positively in the immune organs. These results indicated that the HDP immune regulatory roles in small intestine acted as first line of defense in innate immunity in local breeds, and as an adaptive immunity in broiler chickens. Selection was associated with the expression profiles of HDP genes in a chicken, age, and organ-specific manner.

ACS Style

Zhengtian Li; Irfan Ahmed; Zhiqiqng Xu; Shuai Sun; Tao Li; Dahai Gu; Yong Liu; Xia Zhang; Shixiong Yan; Wenyuan Hu; Ziqing Jiang; Xiaohua Duan; Qihua Li; Lixian Liu; Hua Rong; Kun Wang; Alsoufi Mohammed Abdulwahid; Tengfei Dou; Shanrong Wang; Zhengchang Su; Changrong Ge; Marinus F.W. Te Pas; Junjing Jia; Ying Huang. Profiles of expression pattern and tissue distribution of host defense peptides genes in different chicken (Gallus gallus) breeds related to body weight. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Zhengtian Li, Irfan Ahmed, Zhiqiqng Xu, Shuai Sun, Tao Li, Dahai Gu, Yong Liu, Xia Zhang, Shixiong Yan, Wenyuan Hu, Ziqing Jiang, Xiaohua Duan, Qihua Li, Lixian Liu, Hua Rong, Kun Wang, Alsoufi Mohammed Abdulwahid, Tengfei Dou, Shanrong Wang, Zhengchang Su, Changrong Ge, Marinus F.W. Te Pas, Junjing Jia, Ying Huang. Profiles of expression pattern and tissue distribution of host defense peptides genes in different chicken (Gallus gallus) breeds related to body weight. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhengtian Li; Irfan Ahmed; Zhiqiqng Xu; Shuai Sun; Tao Li; Dahai Gu; Yong Liu; Xia Zhang; Shixiong Yan; Wenyuan Hu; Ziqing Jiang; Xiaohua Duan; Qihua Li; Lixian Liu; Hua Rong; Kun Wang; Alsoufi Mohammed Abdulwahid; Tengfei Dou; Shanrong Wang; Zhengchang Su; Changrong Ge; Marinus F.W. Te Pas; Junjing Jia; Ying Huang. 2020. "Profiles of expression pattern and tissue distribution of host defense peptides genes in different chicken (Gallus gallus) breeds related to body weight." , no. : 1.

Review
Published: 26 June 2020 in Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition
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Appetite is the desire for feed and water and the voluntary intake of feed and is an important regulator of livestock productivity and animal health. Economic traits such as growth rate and muscle development (meat deposition) in broilers are directly correlated to appetite. Factors that may influence appetite include environmental factors, such as stress and temperature variation, and animal‐specific factors, such as learning period, eating capacity and preferences. Feed preferences have been reported to be determined in early life, and this period is important in broilers due to their fast growth and relatively short growth trajectories. This may be of importance when contemplating the use of more circular and sustainable feeds and the optimization of appetite for these feeds. The objective of this review was to review the biological mechanisms underlying appetite using data from human, animal and bird models and to consider the option for modulating appetite particularly as it relates to broiler chickens.

ACS Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Randy Borg; Nico J. H. Buddiger; Benjamin J. Wood; Johanna M. J. Rebel; Marinus M. Van Krimpen; Mario P. L. Calus; Jong‐Eun Park; Dirkjan Schokker. Regulating appetite in broilers for improving body and muscle development – A review. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 2020, 104, 1819 -1834.

AMA Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas, Randy Borg, Nico J. H. Buddiger, Benjamin J. Wood, Johanna M. J. Rebel, Marinus M. Van Krimpen, Mario P. L. Calus, Jong‐Eun Park, Dirkjan Schokker. Regulating appetite in broilers for improving body and muscle development – A review. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 2020; 104 (6):1819-1834.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Randy Borg; Nico J. H. Buddiger; Benjamin J. Wood; Johanna M. J. Rebel; Marinus M. Van Krimpen; Mario P. L. Calus; Jong‐Eun Park; Dirkjan Schokker. 2020. "Regulating appetite in broilers for improving body and muscle development – A review." Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 104, no. 6: 1819-1834.

Journal article
Published: 24 June 2020 in Animals
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Omega-3 fatty acids are health-promoting nutrients that contribute to the amelioration of age-related diseases. Recent studies have reported the role of these fatty acids in the aging process, explicitly impacting telomere biology. The shelterin protein complex, located at the extremities of chromosomes, ensures telomere protection and length regulation. Here, we analyzed the impact of dietary omega-3 alpha-linolenic fatty acid from linseed oil on skeletal muscle telomere biology using an animal model of female pigs. Fifteen animals were supplemented with linseed oil for nine weeks and an equal number of individuals were fed with a control diet. Linseed-oil-supplemented animals showed an increased level of alpha-linolenic acid in skeletal muscles compared to control animals. There was no difference between groups in the telomere length measured in leukocytes and muscles. However, muscles of the linseed-oil-supplemented pigs showed lower levels of the shelterin TRF1 protein compared to the control group. Our results suggest that omega-3 linolenic acid counteracts the elevation of TRF1 levels, which increase with age and due to the presence of reactive oxygen species in muscle. The observed effect may be due to attenuation of oxidative stress.

ACS Style

Magdalena Ogłuszka; Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Ewa Poławska; Agata Nawrocka; Kamila Stepanow; Mariusz Pierzchała. Omega-3 Alpha-Linolenic Fatty Acid Affects the Level of Telomere Binding Protein TRF1 in Porcine Skeletal Muscle. Animals 2020, 10, 1090 .

AMA Style

Magdalena Ogłuszka, Marinus F. W. Te Pas, Ewa Poławska, Agata Nawrocka, Kamila Stepanow, Mariusz Pierzchała. Omega-3 Alpha-Linolenic Fatty Acid Affects the Level of Telomere Binding Protein TRF1 in Porcine Skeletal Muscle. Animals. 2020; 10 (6):1090.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magdalena Ogłuszka; Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Ewa Poławska; Agata Nawrocka; Kamila Stepanow; Mariusz Pierzchała. 2020. "Omega-3 Alpha-Linolenic Fatty Acid Affects the Level of Telomere Binding Protein TRF1 in Porcine Skeletal Muscle." Animals 10, no. 6: 1090.

Journal article
Published: 16 May 2020 in Life
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During the early stages of pregnancy, the uterine endometrium undergoes dramatic morphologic and functional changes accompanied with dynamic variation in gene expression. Pregnancy-stage specific differentially expressed gene (DEG)-transcript-probes were investigated and identified by comparing endometrium transcriptome at 9th day (9D), 12th day (12D) and 16th day (16D) of early pregnancy in Polish large-white (PLW) gilts. Endometrium comparisons between 9D-vs-12D, 9D-vs-16D and 12D-vs-16D of early pregnancy identified 6049, 374 and 6034 highly significant DEG-transcript-probes (p < 0.001; >2 FC). GO term enrichment analysis identified commonly shared upregulated endometrial DEG-transcript-probes (p < 0.001; >2 FC), that were regulating the gene functions of anatomic structure development and transport (TG), DNA-binding and methyltransferase activity (ZBTB2), ion-binding and kinase activity (CKM), cell proliferation and apoptosis activity (IL1B). Downregulated DEG-transcript-probes (p < 0.001; >2 FC) were involved in regulating the gene functions of phosphatase activity (PTPN11), TC616413 gene-transcript and Sus-scrofa LOC100525539. Moreover, blastn comparison of microarray-probes sequences against sus-scrofa11 assembly identified commonly shared upregulated endometrial DEG-transcript-probes (E < 0.06; >2 FC), that were regulating the gene functions of reproduction and growth (SELENOP), cytoskeleton organization and kinase activity (CDC42BPA), phosphatase activity (MINPP1), enzyme-binding and cell-population proliferation (VAV3), cancer-susceptibility candidate gene (CASC4), cytoskeletal protein-binding (COBLL1), ion-binding, enzyme regulator activity (ACAP2) Downregulated endometrial DEG-transcript-probes (E < 0.06; >2FC) were involved in regulating the gene functions of signal-transduction (TMEM33), catabolic and metabolic processes (KLHL15). Microarray validation experiment on selected candidate genes showed complementarity to significant endometrial DEG-transcript-probes responsible for the regulation of immune response (IL1B, S100A11), lipid metabolism (FABP3, PPARG), cell-adhesion (ITGAV), angiogenesis (IL1B), intercellular transmission (NMB), cell-adhesion (OPN) and response to stimuli (RBP4) was confirmed by RT-PCR. This study provides a clue that identified pregnancy-stage specific microarray transcript probes could be considered as candidate genes for recognition and establishment of early pregnancy in the pig.

ACS Style

Mariusz Pierzchała; Dorota Pierzchała; Magdalena Ogłuszka; Ewa Poławska; Tadeusz Blicharski; Agnieszka Roszczyk; Agata Nawrocka; Pawel Urbański; Kamila Stepanow; Aleksandra Ciepłoch; Agnieszka Korwin-Kossakowska; Marinus F.W. Te Pas; Brygida Slaska; Magdalena Buszewska-Forajta; Jedrzej M. Jaśkowski; Mateusz Sachajko; Magdalena Herudzińska; Bartosz M. Jaśkowski; Wojciech Niżański; Leyland Fraser; Urszula Czarnik; Haja N. Kadarmideen; Chandra S. Pareek. Identification of Differentially Expressed Gene Transcripts in Porcine Endometrium during Early Stages of Pregnancy. Life 2020, 10, 68 .

AMA Style

Mariusz Pierzchała, Dorota Pierzchała, Magdalena Ogłuszka, Ewa Poławska, Tadeusz Blicharski, Agnieszka Roszczyk, Agata Nawrocka, Pawel Urbański, Kamila Stepanow, Aleksandra Ciepłoch, Agnieszka Korwin-Kossakowska, Marinus F.W. Te Pas, Brygida Slaska, Magdalena Buszewska-Forajta, Jedrzej M. Jaśkowski, Mateusz Sachajko, Magdalena Herudzińska, Bartosz M. Jaśkowski, Wojciech Niżański, Leyland Fraser, Urszula Czarnik, Haja N. Kadarmideen, Chandra S. Pareek. Identification of Differentially Expressed Gene Transcripts in Porcine Endometrium during Early Stages of Pregnancy. Life. 2020; 10 (5):68.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mariusz Pierzchała; Dorota Pierzchała; Magdalena Ogłuszka; Ewa Poławska; Tadeusz Blicharski; Agnieszka Roszczyk; Agata Nawrocka; Pawel Urbański; Kamila Stepanow; Aleksandra Ciepłoch; Agnieszka Korwin-Kossakowska; Marinus F.W. Te Pas; Brygida Slaska; Magdalena Buszewska-Forajta; Jedrzej M. Jaśkowski; Mateusz Sachajko; Magdalena Herudzińska; Bartosz M. Jaśkowski; Wojciech Niżański; Leyland Fraser; Urszula Czarnik; Haja N. Kadarmideen; Chandra S. Pareek. 2020. "Identification of Differentially Expressed Gene Transcripts in Porcine Endometrium during Early Stages of Pregnancy." Life 10, no. 5: 68.

Original paper
Published: 18 December 2018 in Cell Stress and Chaperones
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Temperature stress impacts both welfare and productivity of livestock. Global warming is expected to increase the impact, especially in tropical areas. We investigated the biological mechanisms regulated by temperature stress due to the circadian temperature cycle in temperature adapted and non-adapted chicken under tropical conditions. We studied transcriptome profiles of heart, breast muscle, and spleen tissues of Ethiopian lowland chicken adapted to high circadian temperatures and non-adapted Ethiopian highland chicken under lowland conditions at three points during the day: morning, noon, and evening. Functional annotations and network analyses of genes differentially expressed among the time points of the day indicate major differences in the reactions of the tissues to increasing and decreasing temperatures, and also the two chickens lines differ. However, epigenetic changes of chromatin methylation and histone (de)acetylation seemed to be central regulatory mechanisms in all tissues in both chicken lines. Finally, all tissues showed differentially expressed genes between morning and evening times indicating biological mechanisms that need to change during the night to reach morning levels again the next day.

ACS Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas; WonCheoul Park; Krishnamoorthy Srikanth; Steve Kemp; Jun-Mo Kim; Dajeong Lim; Jong-Eun Park. Transcriptomic profiles of muscle, heart, and spleen in reaction to circadian heat stress in Ethiopian highland and lowland male chicken. Cell Stress and Chaperones 2018, 24, 175 -194.

AMA Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas, WonCheoul Park, Krishnamoorthy Srikanth, Steve Kemp, Jun-Mo Kim, Dajeong Lim, Jong-Eun Park. Transcriptomic profiles of muscle, heart, and spleen in reaction to circadian heat stress in Ethiopian highland and lowland male chicken. Cell Stress and Chaperones. 2018; 24 (1):175-194.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas; WonCheoul Park; Krishnamoorthy Srikanth; Steve Kemp; Jun-Mo Kim; Dajeong Lim; Jong-Eun Park. 2018. "Transcriptomic profiles of muscle, heart, and spleen in reaction to circadian heat stress in Ethiopian highland and lowland male chicken." Cell Stress and Chaperones 24, no. 1: 175-194.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in Comparative Medicine
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Recognition of the preclinical stages of metabolic diseases such as diabetes helps to prevent full development of the disease. In our research, we alter the diet composition of pigs to create a model of human metabolic disease. The objective of the current study was to identify plasma proteins and biologic mechanisms that differed in expression between pigs fed a ‘cafeteria diet’ (considered unhealthy; high in saturated fats) and those fed a ‘Mediterranean diet’ (considered healthy; high in unsaturated fats). Pigs fed the cafeteria diet showed increased plasma levels of proteins related to LDL (‘bad cholesterol’), immune processes, blood clotting, and metal binding. The Mediterranean diet was associated with increased plasma quantities of proteins associated HDL particles (‘good cholesterol’), binding of LDL particles, regulation of immune processes, and glycolysis. Pigs fed a cafeteria diet showed molecular signs of diabetes and atherosclerosis—even in the absence of clinical symptoms—which seemed to protect against the development of metabolic disorders. The current results suggest potential biomarkers of the early onset of metabolic syndromes. These biomarkers can help to reveal specific metabolic changes that precede the onset of diabetes, thus enabling the initiation of patient-specific interventions early during pathophysiologic development.

ACS Style

Marinus Fw Te Pas; Sietse-Jan Koopmans; Leo Kruijt; Sjef Boeren; Mari A Smits. Changes in Plasma Protein Expression Indicative of Early Diet-induced Metabolic Disease in Male Pigs (Sus scrofa). Comparative Medicine 2018, 68, 286 -293.

AMA Style

Marinus Fw Te Pas, Sietse-Jan Koopmans, Leo Kruijt, Sjef Boeren, Mari A Smits. Changes in Plasma Protein Expression Indicative of Early Diet-induced Metabolic Disease in Male Pigs (Sus scrofa). Comparative Medicine. 2018; 68 (4):286-293.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marinus Fw Te Pas; Sietse-Jan Koopmans; Leo Kruijt; Sjef Boeren; Mari A Smits. 2018. "Changes in Plasma Protein Expression Indicative of Early Diet-induced Metabolic Disease in Male Pigs (Sus scrofa)." Comparative Medicine 68, no. 4: 286-293.

Original article
Published: 08 May 2018 in Molecular Biology Reports
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Myostatin is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. Muscle tissue is the largest tissue in the body and influences body growth. Commercial Avian broiler chickens are selected for high growth rate and muscularity. Daweishan mini chickens are a slow growing small-sized chicken breed. We investigated the relations between muscle (breast and leg) myostatin mRNA expression and body and muscle growth. Twenty chickens per breed were slaughtered at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 days of age. Body and muscle weights were higher at all times in Avian chickens. Breast muscle myostatin expression was higher in Avian chickens than in Daweishan mini chickens at day 30. Myostatin expression peaked at day 60 in Daweishan mini chickens and expression remained higher in breast muscle. Daweishan mini chickens myostatin expression correlated positively with carcass weight, breast and leg muscle weight from day 0 to 60, and correlated negatively with body weight from day 90 to 150, while myostatin expression in Avian chickens was negatively correlated with carcass and muscle weight from day 90 to 150. The results suggest that myostatin expression is related to regulation of body growth and muscle development, with two different regulatory mechanisms that switch between days 30 and 60.

ACS Style

Tengfei Dou; Zhengtian Li; Kun Wang; Lixian Liu; Hua Rong; Zhiqiang Xu; Ying Huang; Dahai Gu; Xiaobo Chen; Wenyuan Hu; Jiarong Zhang; Sumei Zhao; Markandeya Jois; Qihua Li; Changrong Ge; Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Junjing Jia. Regulation of myostatin expression is associated with growth and muscle development in commercial broiler and DMC muscle. Molecular Biology Reports 2018, 45, 511 -522.

AMA Style

Tengfei Dou, Zhengtian Li, Kun Wang, Lixian Liu, Hua Rong, Zhiqiang Xu, Ying Huang, Dahai Gu, Xiaobo Chen, Wenyuan Hu, Jiarong Zhang, Sumei Zhao, Markandeya Jois, Qihua Li, Changrong Ge, Marinus F. W. Te Pas, Junjing Jia. Regulation of myostatin expression is associated with growth and muscle development in commercial broiler and DMC muscle. Molecular Biology Reports. 2018; 45 (4):511-522.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tengfei Dou; Zhengtian Li; Kun Wang; Lixian Liu; Hua Rong; Zhiqiang Xu; Ying Huang; Dahai Gu; Xiaobo Chen; Wenyuan Hu; Jiarong Zhang; Sumei Zhao; Markandeya Jois; Qihua Li; Changrong Ge; Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Junjing Jia. 2018. "Regulation of myostatin expression is associated with growth and muscle development in commercial broiler and DMC muscle." Molecular Biology Reports 45, no. 4: 511-522.

Preprint
Published: 17 April 2018
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BackgroundThe metabolite composition of cow milk is dependent on a large variety of animal associated factors including diet, genotype and gut microbiome composition. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in cow milk polar metabolite composition resulting from dietary and DGAT1 (Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1) genotype perturbations.Methods and ResultsCows were fed a standard diet and a diet supplemented with (poly)unsaturated fatty acids (experimental diet) for ten weeks. Metabolite profiles were determined using 1H NMR (1-Hydrogen Nuclear magnetic resonance) technology. The results showed that the diet affected the polar metabolite composition of milk via the metabolism of the cow and via the metabolism of the gut and rumen microbiota. The experimental diet reduced the metabolic rate, especially the energy metabolism and the amino-sugar and amino acid metabolism, of the cows.ConclusionOur results suggests the DGAT1 genotype affects both the diet related polar metabolite metabolism of the cow as well as that of the rumen microbiota. Milk metabolite levels in animals with more DGAT1 A-alleles were higher than milk metabolite levels in animals with more K-alleles.

ACS Style

Marinus F.W. Te Pas; Jacques Vervoort; Leo Kruijt; Mario P.L. Calus; Mari A. Smits. Holstein Friesian mid-lactation Milk Polar Metabolite Composition in relation to Dietary Fat Composition and Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 Genotype. 2018, 303099 .

AMA Style

Marinus F.W. Te Pas, Jacques Vervoort, Leo Kruijt, Mario P.L. Calus, Mari A. Smits. Holstein Friesian mid-lactation Milk Polar Metabolite Composition in relation to Dietary Fat Composition and Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 Genotype. . 2018; ():303099.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marinus F.W. Te Pas; Jacques Vervoort; Leo Kruijt; Mario P.L. Calus; Mari A. Smits. 2018. "Holstein Friesian mid-lactation Milk Polar Metabolite Composition in relation to Dietary Fat Composition and Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 Genotype." , no. : 303099.

Research article
Published: 09 April 2018 in PLOS ONE
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The growth hormone / insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) pathway of the somatotropic axis is the major controller for growth rate and body size in vertebrates, but the effect of selection on the expression of GH/IGF-1 somatotropic axis genes and their association with body size and growth performance in farm animals is not fully understood. We analyzed a time series of expression profiles of GH/IGF-1 somatotropic axis genes in two chicken breeds, the Daweishan mini chickens and Wuding chickens, and the commercial Avian broilers hybrid exhibiting markedly different body sizes and growth rates. We found that growth rate and feed conversion efficiency in Daweishan mini chickens were significantly lower than those in Wuding chickens and Avian broilers. The Wuding and Daweishan mini chickens showed higher levels of plasma GH, pituitary GH mRNA but lower levels of hepatic growth hormone receptor (GHR) mRNA than in Avian broilers. Daweishan mini chickens showed significantly lower levels of plasma IGF-1, thigh muscle and hepatic IGF-1 mRNA than did Avian broilers and Wuding chickens. These results suggest that the GH part of the somatotropic axis is the main regulator of growth rate, while IGF-1 may regulate both growth rate and body weight. Selection for growth performance and body size have altered the expression profiles of somatotropic axis genes in a breed-, age-, and tissue-specific manner, and manner, and alteration of regulatory mechanisms of these genes might play an important role in the developmental characteristics of chickens.

ACS Style

Junjing Jia; Irfan Ahmed; Lixian Liu; Yong Liu; Zhiqiang Xu; Xiaohua Duan; Qihua Li; Tengfei Dou; Dahai Gu; Hua Rong; Kun Wang; Zhengtian Li; Mir Zulqarnain Talpur; Ying Huang; Shanrong Wang; Shixiong Yan; Huiquan Tong; Sumei Zhao; Guiping Zhao; Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Zhengchang Su; Changrong Ge. Selection for growth rate and body size have altered the expression profiles of somatotropic axis genes in chickens. PLOS ONE 2018, 13, e0195378 .

AMA Style

Junjing Jia, Irfan Ahmed, Lixian Liu, Yong Liu, Zhiqiang Xu, Xiaohua Duan, Qihua Li, Tengfei Dou, Dahai Gu, Hua Rong, Kun Wang, Zhengtian Li, Mir Zulqarnain Talpur, Ying Huang, Shanrong Wang, Shixiong Yan, Huiquan Tong, Sumei Zhao, Guiping Zhao, Marinus F. W. Te Pas, Zhengchang Su, Changrong Ge. Selection for growth rate and body size have altered the expression profiles of somatotropic axis genes in chickens. PLOS ONE. 2018; 13 (4):e0195378.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Junjing Jia; Irfan Ahmed; Lixian Liu; Yong Liu; Zhiqiang Xu; Xiaohua Duan; Qihua Li; Tengfei Dou; Dahai Gu; Hua Rong; Kun Wang; Zhengtian Li; Mir Zulqarnain Talpur; Ying Huang; Shanrong Wang; Shixiong Yan; Huiquan Tong; Sumei Zhao; Guiping Zhao; Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Zhengchang Su; Changrong Ge. 2018. "Selection for growth rate and body size have altered the expression profiles of somatotropic axis genes in chickens." PLOS ONE 13, no. 4: e0195378.

Journal article
Published: 03 April 2018 in Scientific Reports
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Female fertility is a highly regulated process involving the synchronized activities of multiple tissues. The underlying genomic regulation of the tissue synchronization is poorly understood. To understand this better we investigated the transcriptomes of the porcine ovary, endometrium, and oviduct at days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, or 18 of the oestrous cycle. We analysed the transcriptome profiles of the individual tissues and focus on the bridging genes shared by two or more tissues. The three tissue-networks were connected forming a triangular shape. We identified 65 bridging genes with a high level of connectivity to all other genes in the network. The expression levels showed negative correlations between the ovary and the other two tissues, and low correlations between endometrium and oviduct. The main functional annotations involved biosynthesis of steroid hormones, cell-to-cell adhesion, and cell apoptosis, suggesting that regulation of steroid hormone synthesis and tissue viability are major regulatory mechanisms.

ACS Style

Jun-Mo Kim; Jong-Eun Park; Inkyu Yoo; Jisoo Han; Namshin Kim; Won-Jun Lim; Eun-Seok Cho; Bonghwan Choi; Sunho Choi; Tae-Hun Kim; Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Hakhyun Ka; Kyung-Tai Lee. Integrated transcriptomes throughout swine oestrous cycle reveal dynamic changes in reproductive tissues interacting networks. Scientific Reports 2018, 8, 1 -14.

AMA Style

Jun-Mo Kim, Jong-Eun Park, Inkyu Yoo, Jisoo Han, Namshin Kim, Won-Jun Lim, Eun-Seok Cho, Bonghwan Choi, Sunho Choi, Tae-Hun Kim, Marinus F. W. Te Pas, Hakhyun Ka, Kyung-Tai Lee. Integrated transcriptomes throughout swine oestrous cycle reveal dynamic changes in reproductive tissues interacting networks. Scientific Reports. 2018; 8 (1):1-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jun-Mo Kim; Jong-Eun Park; Inkyu Yoo; Jisoo Han; Namshin Kim; Won-Jun Lim; Eun-Seok Cho; Bonghwan Choi; Sunho Choi; Tae-Hun Kim; Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Hakhyun Ka; Kyung-Tai Lee. 2018. "Integrated transcriptomes throughout swine oestrous cycle reveal dynamic changes in reproductive tissues interacting networks." Scientific Reports 8, no. 1: 1-14.

Journal article
Published: 20 June 2017 in BMC Genomics
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Intensive selection has resulted in increased growth rates and muscularity in broiler chickens, in addition to adverse effects, including delayed organ development, sudden death syndrome, and altered metabolic rates. The biological mechanisms underlying selection responses remain largely unknown. Non-artificially-selected indigenous Chinese chicken breeds display a wide variety of phenotypes, including differential growth rate, body weight, and muscularity. The Wuding chicken breed is a fast growing large chicken breed, and the Daweishan mini chicken breed is a slow growing small chicken breed. Together they form an ideal model system to study the biological mechanisms underlying broiler chicken selection responses in a natural system. The objective of this study was to study the biological mechanisms underlying differential phenotypes between the two breeds in muscle and liver tissues, and relate these to the growth rate and body development phenotypes of the two breeds. The muscle tissue in the Wuding breed showed higher expression of muscle development genes than muscle tissue in the Daweishan chicken breed. This expression was accompanied by higher expression of acute inflammatory response genes in Wuding chicken than in Daweishan chicken. The muscle tissue of the Daweishan mini chicken breed showed higher expression of genes involved in several metabolic mechanisms including endoplasmic reticulum, protein and lipid metabolism, energy metabolism, as well as specific immune traits than in the Wuding chicken. The liver tissue showed fewer differences between the two breeds. Genes displaying higher expression in the Wuding breed than in the Daweishan breed were not associated with a specific gene network or biological mechanism. Genes highly expressed in the Daweishan mini chicken breed compared to the Wuding breed were enriched for protein metabolism, ABC receptors, signal transduction, and IL6-related mechanisms. We conclude that faster growth rates and larger body size are related to increased expression of genes involved in muscle development and immune response in muscle, while slower growth rates and smaller body size are related to increased general cellular metabolism. The liver of the Daweishan breed displayed increased expression of metabolic genes.

ACS Style

Tengfei Dou; Sumei Zhao; Ge Changrong; Dahai Gu; Tao Linli; Ying Huang; Zhiqiang Xu; Xiaohui Chu; Linli Tao; Lixian Liu; Changrong Ge; Marinus F.W. Te Pas; Junjing Jia. Biological mechanisms discriminating growth rate and adult body weight phenotypes in two Chinese indigenous chicken breeds. BMC Genomics 2017, 18, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Tengfei Dou, Sumei Zhao, Ge Changrong, Dahai Gu, Tao Linli, Ying Huang, Zhiqiang Xu, Xiaohui Chu, Linli Tao, Lixian Liu, Changrong Ge, Marinus F.W. Te Pas, Junjing Jia. Biological mechanisms discriminating growth rate and adult body weight phenotypes in two Chinese indigenous chicken breeds. BMC Genomics. 2017; 18 (1):1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tengfei Dou; Sumei Zhao; Ge Changrong; Dahai Gu; Tao Linli; Ying Huang; Zhiqiang Xu; Xiaohui Chu; Linli Tao; Lixian Liu; Changrong Ge; Marinus F.W. Te Pas; Junjing Jia. 2017. "Biological mechanisms discriminating growth rate and adult body weight phenotypes in two Chinese indigenous chicken breeds." BMC Genomics 18, no. 1: 1-12.

Review
Published: 22 February 2017 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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With the exception of a few Mendelian traits, almost all phenotypes (traits) in livestock science are quantitative or complex traits regulated by the expression of many genes. For most of the complex traits, differential expression of genes, rather than genomic variation in the gene coding sequences, is associated with the genotype of a trait. The expression profiles of the animal’s transcriptome, proteome and metabolome represent endophenotypes that influence/regulate the externally-observed phenotype. These expression profiles are generated by interactions between the animal’s genome and its environment that range from the cellular, up to the husbandry environment. Thus, understanding complex traits requires knowledge about not only genomic variation, but also environmental effects that affect genome expression. Gene products act together in physiological pathways and interaction networks (of pathways). Due to the lack of annotation of the functional genome and ontologies of genes, our knowledge about the various biological systems that contribute to the development of external phenotypes is sparse. Furthermore, interaction with the animals’ microbiome, especially in the gut, greatly influences the external phenotype. We conclude that a detailed understanding of complex traits requires not only understanding of variation in the genome, but also its expression at all functional levels.

ACS Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Ole Madsen; Mario P. L. Calus; Mari A. Smits. The Importance of Endophenotypes to Evaluate the Relationship between Genotype and External Phenotype. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2017, 18, 472 .

AMA Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas, Ole Madsen, Mario P. L. Calus, Mari A. Smits. The Importance of Endophenotypes to Evaluate the Relationship between Genotype and External Phenotype. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2017; 18 (2):472.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Ole Madsen; Mario P. L. Calus; Mari A. Smits. 2017. "The Importance of Endophenotypes to Evaluate the Relationship between Genotype and External Phenotype." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18, no. 2: 472.

Journal article
Published: 31 January 2017 in Genes & Nutrition
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The level of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can affect many cellular systems and function via nuclear receptors or the bioactive lipid regulation of gene expression. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in the muscle transcriptome and the biological functions regulated by increased consumption of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in the pig gluteus medius muscle. The transcriptome of the gluteus medius muscle was studied for pigs subjected to either a control diet or a diet supplemented with linseed and rapeseed oil to increase polyunsaturated fatty acid content. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to generate the muscle tissue transcriptome database pointing differentially expressed genes (DEG). Comparative expression analyses identified 749 genes significantly differing at least in the twofold of change between two groups of animals fed with divergent level of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. The expression of 219 genes was upregulated, and the expression of 530 genes was downregulated in the group of pigs supplemented with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in relation to control group pigs. Results of RNA-seq indicated a role of fatty acid in the regulation of the expression of genes which are essential for muscle tissue development and functioning. Functional analysis revealed that the identified genes were important for a number of biological processes including inflammatory response, signaling, lipid metabolism, and homeostasis. Summarizing, obtained results provide strong evidence that omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids regulate fundamental metabolic processes in muscle tissue development and functioning.

ACS Style

Magdalena Ogłuszka; Agnieszka Szostak; Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Ewa Poławska; Paweł Urbański; Tadeusz Blicharski; Chandra S. Pareek; Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak; Jenelle R. Dunkelberger; Jarosław O. Horbańczuk; Mariusz Pierzchała. A porcine gluteus medius muscle genome-wide transcriptome analysis: dietary effects of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids on biological mechanisms. Genes & Nutrition 2017, 12, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Magdalena Ogłuszka, Agnieszka Szostak, Marinus F. W. Te Pas, Ewa Poławska, Paweł Urbański, Tadeusz Blicharski, Chandra S. Pareek, Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak, Jenelle R. Dunkelberger, Jarosław O. Horbańczuk, Mariusz Pierzchała. A porcine gluteus medius muscle genome-wide transcriptome analysis: dietary effects of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids on biological mechanisms. Genes & Nutrition. 2017; 12 (1):1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magdalena Ogłuszka; Agnieszka Szostak; Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Ewa Poławska; Paweł Urbański; Tadeusz Blicharski; Chandra S. Pareek; Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak; Jenelle R. Dunkelberger; Jarosław O. Horbańczuk; Mariusz Pierzchała. 2017. "A porcine gluteus medius muscle genome-wide transcriptome analysis: dietary effects of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids on biological mechanisms." Genes & Nutrition 12, no. 1: 1-11.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2013 in Meat Science
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Meat quality traits have low heritability and large environmental influences. To predict, improve and manage meat quality, proteomic biomarkers are superior to genetic markers. The objectives of this research were (1) to find associations between proteome profiles of longissimus muscle at slaughter and meat quality accuracies of prediction of traits ranged from 20 up to 80%. Differentially expressed proteins related to drip loss and ultimate pH were identified by NanoLC-FTMSMS. The proteins highlight biological mechanisms that may explain how these traits develop biologically and how they are related to each other.

ACS Style

Marinus F.W. Te Pas; Leo Kruijt; Mariusz Pierzchała; Ron Crump; Sjef Boeren; Els Keuning; Rita Hoving-Bolink; Maria Hortós; Marina Gispert; Jacint Arnau; Alejandro Diestre; Han Mulder. Identification of proteomic biomarkers in M. Longissimus dorsi as potential predictors of pork quality. Meat Science 2013, 95, 679 -687.

AMA Style

Marinus F.W. Te Pas, Leo Kruijt, Mariusz Pierzchała, Ron Crump, Sjef Boeren, Els Keuning, Rita Hoving-Bolink, Maria Hortós, Marina Gispert, Jacint Arnau, Alejandro Diestre, Han Mulder. Identification of proteomic biomarkers in M. Longissimus dorsi as potential predictors of pork quality. Meat Science. 2013; 95 (3):679-687.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marinus F.W. Te Pas; Leo Kruijt; Mariusz Pierzchała; Ron Crump; Sjef Boeren; Els Keuning; Rita Hoving-Bolink; Maria Hortós; Marina Gispert; Jacint Arnau; Alejandro Diestre; Han Mulder. 2013. "Identification of proteomic biomarkers in M. Longissimus dorsi as potential predictors of pork quality." Meat Science 95, no. 3: 679-687.

Research article
Published: 23 September 2013 in PLoS ONE
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Obesity and related diabetes are important health threatening multifactorial metabolic diseases and it has been suggested that 25% of all diabetic patients are unaware of their patho-physiological condition. Biomarkers for monitoring and control are available, but early stage predictive biomarkers enabling prevention of these diseases are still lacking. We used the pig as a model to study metabolic disease because humans and pigs share a multitude of metabolic similarities. Diabetes was chemically induced and control and diabetic pigs were either fed a high unsaturated fat (Mediterranean) diet or a high saturated fat/cholesterol/sugar (cafeteria) diet. Physiological parameters related to fat metabolism and diabetes were measured. Diabetic pigs' plasma proteome profiles differed more between the two diets than control pigs plasma proteome profiles. The expression levels of several proteins correlated well with (patho)physiological parameters related to the fat metabolism (cholesterol, VLDL, LDL, NEFA) and diabetes (Glucose) and to the diet fed to the animals. Studying only the control pigs as a model for metabolic syndrome when fed the two diets showed correlations to the same parameters but now more focused on insulin, glucose and abdominal fat depot parameters. We conclude that proteomic profiles can be used as a biomarker to identify pigs with developing metabolic syndrome (prediabetes) and diabetes when fed a cafeteria diet. It could be developed into a potential biomarkers for the early recognition of metabolic diseases.

ACS Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Sietse-Jan Koopmans; Leo Kruijt; Mario P. L. Calus; Mari Smits. Plasma Proteome Profiles Associated with Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome and the Early Onset of Metabolic Syndrome in a Pig Model. PLoS ONE 2013, 8, e73087 .

AMA Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas, Sietse-Jan Koopmans, Leo Kruijt, Mario P. L. Calus, Mari Smits. Plasma Proteome Profiles Associated with Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome and the Early Onset of Metabolic Syndrome in a Pig Model. PLoS ONE. 2013; 8 (9):e73087.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marinus F. W. Te Pas; Sietse-Jan Koopmans; Leo Kruijt; Mario P. L. Calus; Mari Smits. 2013. "Plasma Proteome Profiles Associated with Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome and the Early Onset of Metabolic Syndrome in a Pig Model." PLoS ONE 8, no. 9: e73087.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2013 in The Veterinary Journal
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Training horses improves athletic capabilities by inducing skeletal muscle-specific and systemic adaptations. However, rest is required to recover from exercise or else overtraining may occur and affect performance and welfare. Biomarkers would be useful to identify early chronic overtraining in animals. The objective of the current study was to investigate skeletal muscle gene expression patterns and underlying biological mechanisms related to training of different intensities and detraining. Untrained 20 month-old Standardbred geldings were exercised at varying intensities (endurance and sprint) followed by detraining (n=5 per phase). The results indicated that training mainly affected skeletal muscle-specific protein metabolism and increased CO2 export from the tissues. Intensive training increased energy metabolism and affected heart and adipose tissues, while having an adverse effect on stress, apoptosis and immune capacity. The intensity of the training could be related to decreased expression of extra cellular matrix proteins (ECM), cell-cell contacts and intracellular signalling pathways. During detraining, most mechanisms were reversed, but heart tissue-related changes and increased expression of skeletal muscle-specific proteins were still evident. The study suggested that changes to ECM expression and cell-cell contact mechanisms may be long-lasting and related to multifactorial aspects of training and detraining. These biomarkers may be useful to identify horses in the early stages of chronic overloading or early overtraining.

ACS Style

Marinus F.W. Te Pas; Inge D. Wijnberg; Arend J.W. Hoekman; Ellen de Graaf-Roelfsema; Hans A. Keizer; Eric van Breda; Bart Ducro; Johannes H. van der Kolk. Skeletal muscle transcriptome profiles related to different training intensities and detraining in Standardbred horses: A search for overtraining biomarkers. The Veterinary Journal 2013, 197, 717 -723.

AMA Style

Marinus F.W. Te Pas, Inge D. Wijnberg, Arend J.W. Hoekman, Ellen de Graaf-Roelfsema, Hans A. Keizer, Eric van Breda, Bart Ducro, Johannes H. van der Kolk. Skeletal muscle transcriptome profiles related to different training intensities and detraining in Standardbred horses: A search for overtraining biomarkers. The Veterinary Journal. 2013; 197 (3):717-723.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marinus F.W. Te Pas; Inge D. Wijnberg; Arend J.W. Hoekman; Ellen de Graaf-Roelfsema; Hans A. Keizer; Eric van Breda; Bart Ducro; Johannes H. van der Kolk. 2013. "Skeletal muscle transcriptome profiles related to different training intensities and detraining in Standardbred horses: A search for overtraining biomarkers." The Veterinary Journal 197, no. 3: 717-723.