Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of maxillary sinus pathologies and anatomic variations in elderly and edentulous patients by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material s and methods: The study included elderly and young patient groups. The elderly group involved posterior edentulous and dentate patients. CBCT images were assessed, and the presence of any pathological findings, septa, accessory maxillary ostium, and Haller cell in each maxillary sinus were recorded according to the groups. Chi-square test was used to analyze the intergroup differences (p<0.05). Results: There was no statistically difference between the young and elderly groups regarding the presence of a pathology (p=0,077) and septa (p=0,37), whereas accessory ostium (p=0,009) was more common and Haller cell (p=0,000) was less common in the elderly group when compared to the young group. There was no significant difference between edentulous and dentate group regarding the presence of a pathology (p=0,39), septation (p=0,69) and Haller cell (p=0.75); accessory ostium rate was found to be increased (p=0,015) in edentulous patients. Conclusions: It was observed that the frequency of accessory maxillary ostium was increased in elderly, especially in edentulism. And the frequency of Haller cell was found to be decreased in elderly patients. Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of maxillary sinus pathologies and anatomic variations in elderly and edentulous patients by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material s and methods: The study included elderly and young patient groups. The elderly group involved posterior edentulous and dentate patients. CBCT images were assessed, and the presence of any pathological findings, septa, accessory maxillary ostium, and Haller cell in each maxillary sinus were recorded according to the groups. Chi-square test was used to analyze the intergroup differences (p<0.05). Results: There was no statistically difference between the young and elderly groups regarding the presence of a pathology (p=0,077) and septa (p=0,37), whereas accessory ostium (p=0,009) was more common and Haller cell (p=0,000) was less common in the elderly group when compared to the young group. There was no significant difference between edentulous and dentate group regarding the presence of a pathology (p=0,39), septation (p=0,69) and Haller cell (p=0.75); accessory ostium rate was found to be increased (p=0,015) in edentulous patients. Conclusions: It was observed that the frequency of accessory maxillary ostium was increased in elderly, especially in edentulism. And the frequency of Haller cell was found to be decreased in elderly patients.

Arıkan B, et al. Imaging Sci Dent. 2023 Sep;53:e38. https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20230134

Background. The anatomy of the maxillary sinus is especially important for dentists due to the close proximity of the sinus to the maxillary posterior teeth. Objectives. The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of maxillary sinus pathology, anatomical variations, and the relationship between the tooth roots and the maxillary sinus by comparing a group with maxillary sinus hypoplasia (MSH) and a control group using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and methods. In the study, 69 CBCT images of 50 patients with MSH and 84 CBCT images of 49 patients without MSH were evaluated for pathology, and the presence of an accessory ostium, a septum and Haller cells in each maxillary sinus. Results. The coincidence of pathology with MSH was 29%, and with non-hypoplastic maxillary sinuses it was 44% (p = 0.055). An accessory ostium was found in 14.5% of scans with MSH and in 39.3% of those without MSH (p = 0.001). Haller cells were found in 2.9% of the MSH cases, whereas their incidence in the control group was 23.8% (p = 0.000). The occurrence of a sinus septum was at the level of 4.3% in the group with MSH and 23.8% in the group without MSH (p = 0.001). Conclusions. The incidence of the relationship between the sinus wall and the posterior root apices was found smaller in the dentulous MSH patients. Also, the distance between the root apices and the sinus wall was longer in the dentulous MSH patients, and the vertical and horizontal alveolar bone was larger in the posteriorly edentulous MSH patients.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the mandibular canal course in individuals with cleft lip palate (CLP) and mandibular prognathism in terms of the sagittal split-ramus osteotomy using cone-beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods: Individuals with CLP older than 16 years of age and planned to undergo Le fort I + SSR osteotomies and those with class III occlusion planned to undergo Le fort I + SSR osteotomies were included. The measurements on the cleft side of CLP patients were compared with both their noncleft sides and those with class III occlusion. The course of the inferior alveolar nerve and its position in the mandible were evaluated starting from the mandibular foramen, the first entrance to the mandible, to the mental foramen, the exit from the mandible. Results: The distance between the mandibular canal and the buccal surface of the mandible (B3) on the plane tangent to the distal of the mandibular first molar and perpendicular to the occlusal plane was found to be greater in individuals with CLP (P = 0.011). Buccal cortex thickness (C4) at the level of the mandibular canal on the plane tangent to the distal of the mandibular second molar and perpendicular to the occlusal plane was found to be lower in individuals with CLP (P = 0.021). Conclusions: The buccal cortex thickness of the mandible corpus and the distance of the mandibular canal to the buccal surface is different in patients with CLP compared to class III individuals’ posterior to the mandible. Surgeons should take these differences into consideration during mandibular osteotomy.