The advancement of quantum computing creates a big threat to classical cryptographic protocols, including TLS, which is responsible for secure internet communications. While recent industry and academic efforts have focused on integrating lattice-based post-quantum key encapsulation mechanisms (KEMs) such as Kyber+X25519 into hybrid TLS handshakes, these approaches often prioritize performance at the cost of cryptanalytic diversity. Code-based KEMs, despite their proven security measure they remain underexplored in hybrid frameworks due to some limitations like large key sizes and integration complexity. This paper proposes a novel hybrid TLS framework that explicitly incorporates code-based post-quantum cryptography—specifically McEliece—alongside classical key exchange mechanisms. The framework introduces a dual-handshake mechanism, adaptive parameter selection, and seamless fallback negotiation, enabling flexible deployment across heterogeneous networks while ensuring backward compatibility. Integration with Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNGs) and multifactor authentication further increases entropy quality and session security. We implemented and evaluated the framework using an OpenSSL-OQS integration. We measure handshake latency, CPU utilization, memory usage, and throughput across emulated and real-world testbeds. Results show that the proposed hybrid approach achieves up to 30% lower latency and significantly reduced resource overhead compared to pure post-quantum TLS variants, while maintaining near-classical efficiency levels. Mathematical modeling formalizes these trade-offs which offers a foundation for optimizing deployment in both resource-constrained IoT devices and high-performance servers. By advancing cryptographic diversity and aligning with emerging NIST and IETF standardization efforts, the proposed framework provides a practical pathway toward quantum-resilient secure communication.It shows that code-based post-quantum cryptography can be added to current TLS systems without any problems, keeping security, performance, and compatibility in mind as we get ready for the quantum age.

Quantum computation has progressed to the point where it is now a significant threat to traditional cryptographic algorithms such as RSA and ECC. In this chapter, we focus on the topic of code-based cryptography, which represents another important piece in the post-quantum cryptography puzzle. Codes-based cryptography relies on error-correcting codes in order to instantiate encryption schemes provably secure against quantum attacks. We focus mainly on the McEliece and Niederreiter cryptosystems since these systems are known to be secure against quantum algorithms. The reason for that is based essentially on decoding the arbitrary linear codes associated with those systems. However, this chapter also discusses the practical issues involved with the implementation of these systems: managing cryptographic keys and the need for efficient processing methods. Applications include secure communications applications and future directions such as lightweight codes and hybrid constructions. Code-based cryptography has a significant role in protecting the data in the era of quantum computing.