This study aims to contribute to understanding of the state of the art regarding the pedagogical cultures associated with teaching and learning research methods in advanced studies education through the identification of trends and pitfalls. The rationale behind this objective is the recognition that most of the research in education comes from academic programmes, in particular master’s and doctoral programmes, which generally include research methods as components. A systematic literature review was adopted as the research methodology, following the PRISMA model. Three stages of article selection were implemented, resulting in the selection of 68 studies out of an initial set of 3631 articles found in the main journal databases. Three specific dimensions were addressed: (i) methodological knowledge, (ii) research competencies, and (iii) pedagogical practices in teaching research methods in education programmes. The results illustrate the complexity of the subject. Learners are constantly reported to hold negative attitudes towards research methods courses, apparently due to instructors’ pedagogical difficulties, which translate into restricted understandings of methodological knowledge. Several misunderstandings between learners and teachers are identified which call for action towards the construction of a research-based scientific culture that will lead to inclusive pedagogical practices in which teachers and learners act as researchers.

The growing attention to virtual reality (VR) suggests that immersive technologies will be widely applied across various contexts, including education. However, conceptual divergences and a lack of understanding regarding the learning process in immersive virtual environments reveal the nascent understanding of the use of immersive virtual reality (iVR) and its benefits in educational contexts. Against this backdrop, this article presents a proposed pedagogical framework aimed at aligning the affordances of iVR environments—such as immersion, interactivity, and embodiment—with educational objectives, thereby enhancing learning experiences. Developed through a design-based research (DBR) methodology, the framework integrates theoretical contributions from the CAMIL model and the XR ABC framework in conjunction with the revised Bloom’s taxonomy. The structure organizes immersive experiences into three levels—Absorb, Experience, and Explore—which are distinguished by the interactivity and complexity of the proposed tasks. Each level is mapped to the cognitive domains and dimensions of knowledge, promoting the progressive development of cognitive and psychomotor skills. It is posited that aligning the technological features of the environment with educational objectives and the level of active student engagement can facilitate learning in immersive environments.

This paper aims to identify and discuss what constitutes a research-based pedagogical culture in teaching research methods courses in master’s and doctoral programs in education. The discussion draws on empirical results of a set of five focus group interviews with teachers responsible for teaching research methods courses in educational programs in higher education institutions in Portugal. Data are analyzed and interpreted within a situated learning framework that acknowledges the relevance of creating social learning spaces which accommodate the variety of students. The article closes with a characterization of what could be a research-based pedagogical culture in teaching research methods in advanced studies in education in the near future.