Context: Neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) are regarded as a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by weakening muscle strength and dystrophic changes in the muscle. Due to the nature of these diseases, it can be challenging for anesthesiologists to provide appropriate pain medications, symptom management, and other necessary techniques that are implemented to anesthetize the patient properly. Evidence Acquisition: This study was based on the available literature and the authors’ experience. The current study aimed to review the available anesthesia for patients suffering from NMDs. The search process resulted in the detection of relevant articles using valid keywords on electronic databases, including Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Subsequently, 19 articles published between 2009 to 2022 were identified as eligible for this review. Results: When anesthetizing a patient with NMD, special attention should be paid to preoperative evaluation, medical-history taking, risk of difficult intubation or cardiac incidents, respiratory insufficiency, and frequent pulmonary infections. It is also necessary to keep in mind that these patients are at risk of prolonged paralysis, hyperkalemia, rigidity, malignant hyperthermia, cardiac arrest, rhabdomyolysis, or even death. Conclusions: Problems of anesthesia in patients with NMDs arise from the nature of the condition itself and the interaction of anesthetics and muscle relaxants with anticholinesterase drugs used in therapy. Each patient’s individual risk should be assessed before anesthesia. Therefore, it is important (and even necessary before major surgery) to perform a thorough preoperative examination to not only determine perioperative risk but also to ensure optimal perioperative follow-up.

The administration of general anesthesia is a crucial aspect of surgery. However, it can pose significant risks to patients, such as respiratory depression and prolonged neuromuscular blockade. To avoid such complications, it is essential to monitor neuromuscular transmission during anesthesia. While clinical tests have been used for decades to evaluate muscle function, they are now known to be unreliable, and relying on them increases the risk of postoperative complications. Thankfully, there are now six methods available for neuromuscular monitoring during anesthesia: mechanomyography, acceleromyography, electromyography, kinemyography, phonomyography, and compressomyography. Each of these methods differs in terms of their approach and methodology, and their importance in clinical practice varies accordingly. Mechanomyography involves measuring the mechanical response of a muscle to nerve stimulation, while acceleromyography measures the acceleration of muscle contraction. Electromyography records the electrical activity of muscles, while kinemyography tracks muscle movement. Phonomyography records the sound waves produced by contracting muscles, and compressomyography involves monitoring the pressure changes in a muscle during contraction. Overall, understanding the differences between these methods and their clinical significance is crucial for anesthesiologists. This review aims to provide an updated understanding of the current methods available for neuromuscular monitoring during anesthesia, so that anesthesiologists can make informed decisions about patient care and reduce the risk of postoperative complications.

This article analyses the conditions for the development of caravan tourism in Western Australia. It describes caravan tourism within tourism in general, presents its development in Australia, and investigates the relationship between the distribution of tourism assets and the location of campsites. The article analyses the data on the distribution of natural and anthropogenic values and campsite bases. The point bonitation method was used, the most and least attractive areas of the state were indicated and, using the Pearson correlation ratio, it was shown that there is a significant relationship between the attractiveness of tourist areas and the distribution of camping fields in Western Australia.

Introduction: Anaesthetising a pregnant woman and during the postpartum period is challenging for most anaesthetists. There are many factors involved, including all the physiological changes that occur in the body of such a woman. Particular attention should be paid to muscle relaxants. Aim: The purpose of this article is to present the use of muscle relaxants in pregnancy and puerperium period. Material and Methods: This work is based on the available literature and the authors’ experience. Conclusion: In our experience and from a broad review of the medical literature, a great deal of caution should be exercised when using muscle relaxants during the anaesthesia of pregnant or postpartum patients. The pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic differences in the action of this group of drugs during this period should be known.

Introduction: The response to the COVID-19 pandemic by anesthesiologists has been simply heroic. Unfortunately, there are very few evidence-based studies in the literature that focus on anesthesiologists’ burnout during that time. The purpose of our study was to examine the psychological distress, after the COVID-19 pandemic, among anesthesiologists in Poland. Methods: We conducted an anonymous internet survey among a group of anesthesiologists in Poland. It contained a questionnaire, entitled “Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI)”, with demographic questions about sex, age, and family, as well as questions related to working conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. We received data from 158 people, including 109 women and 49 men. Results: Results from the analysis showed that 73% (115/158) of the participants suffered from burnout. Moreover, 95.6% of the participants thought that the COVID-19 pandemic had had an influence on their level of burnout, and 97.3% found that it had had a negative impact. Conclusions: There is no doubt that healthcare workers, despite the difficulties associated with their daily work, have not faced challenges on such a scale in a very long time. Support for their mental health should be an essential component of the modern public healthcare system.