For the first time, the thermoelectric properties of cement/single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) nanocomposites with over 3, 7, 14 and 28 days of hydration are reported, while a thermoelectric generator device (TEG) is fabricated utilising the material with the highest achieved power factor (PF). SWCNTs with inherent p-type semiconductor characteristics were introduced into the cementitious matrix at a water to cement (w/c) ratio of 0.5, while the Seebeck coefficient (S), electrical conductivity (σ) and PF for different SWCNT loadings were determined at different ages. The 28 day cement/SWCNT sample with 0.5 wt% loading exhibited the highest performance in terms of σ (1.59 × 10³ S m⁻¹), S (+ 1348.8 μV K⁻¹) and PF (2.89 × 10³ μW m⁻¹ K⁻²), with the PF being the highest among other carbon nanoadditive-based cement thermoelectric nanocomposites to date. The cement/SWCNT(0.5) was used for the fabrication of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) device exhibiting a maximum power output (P_max) of 5.02 μW and a power density of 5.02 mW m⁻², upon being exposed to a temperature difference (ΔT) of 50 K. Finite element (FE) simulations validated the TEG thermoelectric performance corroborating the experimental findings. The highly efficient cement/SWCNT thermoelectric nanocomposites, as well as the cement-based structural TEG device, demonstrated herein could open new avenues towards future energy efficient buildings and green construction.

The magnetization reversal in magnetic FePt nanoelements having Reuleaux 3D geometry is studied using Finite Element micromagnetic simulations. Multiple skyrmions are formed for a range of external fields and magnetocrystalline anisotropy values.

SWCNT-p-type TE films on GF with a power factor of 96 μW m⁻¹ K⁻². SWCNT-n-type TE films on GF with a power factor of 82 μW m⁻¹ K⁻². The GFRP–OTEG exhibited: V_OC = 1.01 V, I_SC = 850 μA, P_max = 215 μW.

The modeling of the structural behavior of composite materials is an interesting but complex task since the response of the material to loading structural may be difficult to predict, and the failure may be manifested in different forms. In cross-ply fiber-reinforced composites, the major failure mechanisms include: (i) the failure of the matrix material (transverse cracking), (ii) delamination and (iii) the breakage of the fibers. The process of the transverse cracking is a well studied damage mechanism and can be used in numerical simulations, in order to study the effects of various parameters on the crack density. In this paper, the finite element modeling of a cross-ply composite under uniaxial loading in tension is performed using ABAQUS software, considering all the potential damage mechanisms. The model takes into account shear-lag effect for the determination of the stress transfer and furthermore it adopts a homogenization procedure for the calculation of elastic and viscoelastic material properties. Stochasticity is introduced by assigning various interfacial strengths that follow a Gaussian distribution, so as to predict the cracking sequence up to saturation in the transverse to the 0${}^{\circ }$ layers. The results are directly compared with available experimental measurements showing reasonable agreement. Finally, a cross-ply RVE model was created and loaded in uniaxial tension and crack propagation is modelled with the Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM). The stress concentration calculations around the crack tips are in agreement with the mesoscale model.