The article presents analysis of modern concepts concerning value of health from point of view of human capital and from positions of competitiveness. It is noted that health capital comes out as investment project for human capital. The multiple-aspects of health conditions, dynamics of alterations of these conditions in many ways depend on internal stimulating motives of individual, life conditions, specifics of social environment, life situation. From this point of view, health is a socially conditioned occurrence playing dialectic role in relationships of human with society, with others and with oneself.

In the paper the Authors tried to analyze how A.S. Makarenko’s educational system might grow while in the early 1930s the control over social and political life in Soviet Union was strengthened. Using unpublished and previously classified materials, the Authors events which took place in the Children Labor Dzerzhinsky Commune, established in Ukrainian capital Kharkov, whose activity represented the highest point in development of A.S. Makarenko’s pedagogical theory and practice. Facts that led to establishment of the Commune, age and social status of pupils, employment policy, difficult relationships between Makarenko and NKVD leaders, many “not pedagogical” – criminal and amoral factors, conflicting with Anton Semenovich’s works have been carefully analyzed. Authors outlined conflict between the educator and Commune administration based upon different approaches to social and moral education of youth. Makarenko’s perspective was more humane and less ideological than the one of his opponents.

The relevance of study issue reflects the search of technological resources promoting an effective development of student speech therapists’ professional competences in the field of diagnostic and corrective-developing activities. Implementation of developing competence model implies the use of differentiated approaches in teaching, the combination of traditional methods and innovative technological working outs. Authors’ electronic program as a way for training skills that are needed in solving pedagogical diagnostic and corrective-developing tasks is regarded as one of didactic resources in informational-educational environment of University. The goal of the present paper is analyzing the effective use of author’s electronic program in training teachers-speech therapists for forming diagnostic and correctional-developing competences. In this case the main research method is the competent approach aimed at productive use of integrated knowledge in practice, promoting creative capacities and self-development of graduates, thereby implementing the development of students-speech therapist’s professional competences through the resolution of pedagogical tasks, using electronic resources. Research highlighted difficulties and "problem areas" at each level of competences development (knowledge, skills, and abilities) while elaborating diagnostic and correctional-developing program of competences. Analysis of results permits the elaboration of an electronic didactical resource which is based on algorithms of multidisciplinary tasks aimed at development of professional skills and abilities in the field of special training and education. The importance of research results for practice is confirmed by the fact that they are directly focused on resolution of pressing challenges concerning the development of students-speech therapists’ professional competences, and they may effectively develop such competences in the frameworks of University informational-educational environment.

This article analyses the complex moral issues that arise in the context of the use of modern genetic engineering technologies to alter genetic information in humans and other organisms. The focus is on issues of safety, justice, respect for human dignity, acceptability of gene editing, general access to gene editing technologies by population, regardless of class, race, social origin, and implications for the environment and biodiversity. The article places great emphasis on bioethical issues concerning the possible adverse effects of gene editing, such as eugenics. proper informed consent by the patient and other important bioethical dilemmas. These aspects of the issue under inquiry are of particular importance in modern society and scientific community due to the influence of such philosophical movements as transhumanism and posthumanism, which propose radical changes in humanity towards the creation of ‘superhumans’, who know neither pain, death nor suffering. In addition, the article emphasises the need for a reasoned and responsible approach to gene editing, taking into account high ethical and legal standards, to ensure that the field develops for the benefit of human beings and society.

The article discusses question how coronavirus infection causing a worldwide pandemic represents not only a threat to the health of the population but also leads to philosophical, psychological, and sociological speculations. The author intends to consider implications arising from a pandemic using artistic works written during a pandemic that have shaken bases of human life, human outlook, and attitude to life. Consequently, the author tries to explain attitude to pandemic from the standpoints of such concepts like disease, health, fear, and hope that can totally disrupt depths of human beings during the plague. The author paid attention to artistic works such as the Decameron by the Italian writer and thinker G. Boccaccio, Plague by A. Camus, and A feast in time of plague by A.S. Pushkin. Using these works and having as red thread of his inquiry isolation (repudiation of the world), the author defines what kinds of reaction can human have in the face of disease and, eventually, in the face of death because of sickness. The author considers that this approach, which lies at the intersection of sociology, psychology, and philosophy, can highlight some behavioral paradigms that contribute to comprehension of what happens in human outlook, mentality, and mind when a new phenomenon occurs, which is necessary to interiorize and make ours that, in turn, implies enhancement of stress tolerance of the population in emergency situation, as it happens during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This article is dedicated to the analysis of the concept of the digital body in the context of modern technologies and their impact on society, culture, and the individual. The digital body is defined as a virtual analog of the physical body that can be created and developed in virtual reality, augmented reality, and through other digital platforms. The article examines the potential opportunities offered by the digital body, such as enhancing health, opportunities for self-expression, expanding the boundaries of human experience, and developing new forms of interaction in digital space. However, alongside this, the authors also draw attention to the numerous challenges facing society as a result of the implementation of digital bodies. Among these challenges are data security issues, ethical dilemmas related to identity and privacy, as well as implications for mental health and social structure. The article includes forecasts regarding the future of digital bodies, emphasizing the need for an interdisciplinary approach to address the emerging issues. This research aims to highlight the complex dynamics between technological innovations and human experience, as well as to raise awareness of how digital bodies may transform our society in the coming decades.