With the continuous increase in saline–alkali land, sustainable development of the global environment and ecology have been seriously affected. This study compared the absorption and accumulation patterns of 11 elements in different parts (roots, stems and leaves) of different leaf Na regulation strategies of the pioneer plant Chenopodiaceae in saline–alkali land and evaluated the effects of soil nutrient status and soil salinity on the distribution of plant elements. The results showed that the changes in the content of Ca, Mg and Na in plants are affected by the salt-tolerant type and on different parts. Soil salinity had no significant effect on element concentrations in different parts of plants. The Pearson correlation coefficient showed that the correlation between plants and soil elements was different, and different parts of plants had the characteristics of selective absorption of soil elements. The salt tolerance type and soil mineral element concentrations explained most of the variation observed in element concentrations in Chenopodiaceae plants; the soil salinity property played only a minor role. It was concluded that the genetic factors are the prerequisite in the composition pattern of leaf elements in Chenopodiaceae, and soil factors are the key to determining element accumulation. These conclusions provide an effective reference for evaluating plant breeding and its response to environmental change in saline–alkali arid areas in Hulunbuir grassland and other parts of the world.

(1) Background: soil salinization has become a global problem that restricts agricultural production; thus, there is a need to explore the special survival strategies of halophytes in saline–alkali environments. (2) Methods: this study conducted a comparative analysis of the differences in metabolites and mineral elements between two indicator plants (Suaeda glauca and Suaeda salsa) in the study area. (3) Results: S. salsa leaves accumulated more total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na) and manganese (Mn). The Na/K analysis showed that S. salsa was more tolerant of saline–alkali environments than S. glauca. Metabolite analysis revealed a significant increase in added sugars in S. salsa compared with S. glauca and a significant accumulation of most organic acids associated with the TCA cycle, which suggests an enhancement in the flow of carbon from glycolysis to the TCA cycle. In addition, the content of phenolic substances, such as phenylpropane compounds and flavonols, also changed in saline–alkali environments, which may have promoted the metabolism of organic acids. (4) Conclusions: during the process of plant adaptation to salinity, the central metabolism of S. glauca was nitrogen metabolism, while that of S. salsa was organic acid metabolism.

With the continuous increase of saline-alkali land, sustainable development of the global environment and ecology has been seriously affected. Chenopodiaceae is a pioneer plant family living in saline-alkali land, which plays a crucial role in sustaining the stability, composition and function of saline-alkali arid ecosystems. In this study, 11 elements were analyzed in different plant organs and rhizosphere soil of eight Chenopodiaceae species. Descriptive statistics of the leaf, stem and root element concentrations in eight halophyte species of contrasting salt tolerance types (salt-dilution halophytes and recretohalophytes) were calculated. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were used to compare the correlations of elements among the leaf, stem, root and soil property, as well as between the plant and soil. General linear model was employed to explore how the variance of element concentrations in leaves, stems and roots depends on salt tolerance type, soil salinity property and soil mineral elements. The results showed that salt tolerance type and soil mineral element concentrations explained most of the variation observed in element concentrations in Chenopodiaceae plants; the soil salinity property played only a minor role. It was concluded that the genetic factors are the prerequisite in the composition pattern of leaf elements in Chenopodiaceae, and soil factors are the key to determine element accumulation. These conclusions provide an effective reference for evaluating plant breeding and its response to environmental change in saline-alkali arid areas in Hulunbuir grassland and other parts of the world.

评价光环境对黄芪根部多种活性成分积累的共同影响，对提高黄芪培育和高值利用具有重要作用. 采用不同光强处理膜荚黄芪[Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge]和蒙古黄芪[A. membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao]幼苗，运用超高效液相色谱系统（Ultra-Performance LC，Waters，Japan）分析光强变化对黄芪根部毛蕊异黄酮苷、毛蕊异黄酮、芒柄花苷、黄芪甲苷、环黄芪醇5种活性成分含量的同时影响. 结果显示光强减弱对黄芪主要活性成分综合影响增加，黑暗条件有利于毛蕊异黄酮苷、毛蕊异黄酮和黄芪甲苷的积累，膜荚黄芪和蒙古黄芪毛蕊异黄酮苷含量在黑暗条件下比中度光强分别增加了6.39倍和4.42倍；低光有利于环黄芪醇的积累，低光条件下环黄芪醇在膜荚黄芪和蒙古黄芪根中分别比中光增加了4.80倍和1.75倍，高光有利于芒柄花苷的积累，高光比中光条件下膜荚黄芪和蒙古黄芪根中芒柄花苷分别增加了1.32倍和1.49倍. 在黑暗及低光情况下，膜荚黄芪中毛蕊异黄酮和黄芪甲苷比蒙古黄芪中含量高，但芒柄花苷比蒙古黄芪中含量低. 本研究表明不同光照强度适宜不同药用成分积累，定向培育应根据目的成分选择适宜光照强度. （图4 参26）