Cel pracy: Ocena występowania oraz współwystępowania depresji i nadużywania substancji psychoaktywnych wśród sopockiej młodzieży.Metoda: W roku 2006 i 2007 w ramach programu SOPKARD-Junior badaniem psychologicznym objęto 316 gimnazjalistów. Zastosowano Skalę Depresji Becka, Krakowski Inwentarz Depresyjny oraz własny kwestionariusz oceniający częstość przyjmowania używek. U młodzieży z objawami depresyjnymi w badaniach kwestionariuszowych wykonano badanie psychiatryczne. Program SOPKARD-Junior jest wielospecjalistycznym badaniem epidemiologicznym kompleksowo oceniającym stan zdrowia w populacji uczniów drugich klas sopockich gimnazjów.Wyniki: Objawy depresyjne stwierdzono u 29,4% badanych (37,4% dziewcząt (Dz) i 20,9% chłopców (Chł) (p<0,05). W badaniu psychiatrycznym: u 4,1% młodzieży (5,5% Dz i 2,6% Chł) potwierdzono rozpoznanie depresji. Przyjmowanie używek (okazjonalne i regularne) deklarowało: papierosy - 20,2% młodzieży (24% Dz. i 16,4% Chł., p<0,05), alkohol - 45,9% (50,9% Dz. i 40,5% Chł, p<0,05) i narkotyki - 6,3% (6,2% Dz. i 6,6% Chł., n.s.). Młodzież z objawami depresyjnymi istotnie częściej niż młodzież bez objawów depresyjnych pali papierosy ( 30,1% vs 16,1%, p<0,05) i pije alkohol (61,3% vs 39,5%, p<0,05).Wnioski: 1. Wśród młodzieży stwierdzono znaczne rozpowszechnienie objawów depresyjnych – co trzecia dziewczynka i co piąty chłopiec ma depresyjny przebieg dorastania. W badaniu lekarskim rozpoznanie epizodu depresji potwierdzono u 4% młodzieży – u dziewczynek dwukrotnie częściej niż u chłopców. 2. Co piąty badany pali papierosy. Dziewczynki istotnie częściej niż chłopcy palą papierosy i piją alkohol. 3. Obecność objawów depresyjnych u młodzieży prawie dwukrotnie zwiększa ryzyko używania tytoniu i alkoholu.

Aim. The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence of parafunctions and signs and symptoms of TMD in a population group of children with and without ADHD. Material and methods. The study included all 5th grade children of all public primary schools in Sopot (untreated, unguided children). The reporting rate was 91%. At the first stage of the psychological-psychiatric study both parents and children filled in the CBCL and YSR questionnaires. At the next stage, in the group of children selected during the screening, a qualified child psychiatrist conducted a semi-structured diagnostic interview K-SADS-PL and diagnosed ADHD. Parafunctions, signs and symptoms of TMD were assessed by conducting a direct interview with a child and a clinical examination by a dentist. Results. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between children with ADHD and without ADHD associated with parafunctions such as chewing gum (76.47% vs. 46.07%), nail biting (70.59% vs. 40.45%) and bruxism (52.54% vs. 26.22%), the number of signs and symptoms of TMD (1 sign or symptom 0.0% vs. 32.21%; 4-7 signs or symptoms 17.65% vs. 3.75%). Conclusions. In children with ADHD, symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders and parafunctions were significantly more frequent. These studies suggest that children with ADHD constitute a group of increased risk for TMD in the future. Interdisciplinary treatment of an ADHD patient by a psychiatrist and a dentist is necessary.

One way to counteract the spread of obesity in children is its early recognition by parents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether parents’ perception of their children’s BMI category was consistent with their actual BMI assessment and to determine potential influential factors. The study was conducted as part of the “A program for the early detection of risk factors for lifestyle diseases SOPKARD-Junior” (SOPKARD-Junior), a preventive health program implemented in public elementary schools from 2017 to 2019. The results from 381 children with a mean age of 11.67 (SD = 1.52) were analyzed. Height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated. Surveys were conducted to assess parents’ perceptions of their child’s weight, along with their sociodemographic status. Nearly one in three parents were unable to correctly identify their children’s weight; 25.0% underestimated it, and 6.0% overestimated it. Underestimation was observed along with an increase in the children’s BMI weight category, with as many as 57.1% of parents of obese children misclassifying their weight. The child’s BMI was the only significant predictor of incorrect assessment. Polish parents cannot properly assess their children’s BMI, especially when their child is overweight or obese. In children, weight and height measurements should be taken regularly, rather than allowing weight category to be dependent upon parental weight assessments.

Introduction : The study involved preparing and implementation a model of complex screening programme for adolescents and comparison of anthropometric examinations between the population of the SOPKARD-Junior programme and representative sample of Polish children in the same age. Material...

Tooth loss significantly affects health and quality of life of older adults. Removable dentures are the most common solution for restoring oral function and aesthetics. In Poland, a significant portion of elderly population suffers from edentulism or partial tooth loss. However, not all of these individuals receive the prosthetic treatment they need. The measurement of unmet denture needs, defined as the proportion of individuals with tooth loss who lack appropriate dentures, offers critical insight into disparities in the access to oral healthcare. The aim of the study was to compare changes in unmet denture needs among Polish seniors over a decade and to assess patterns in denture use among those who received prosthetic treatment, taking into account sociodemographic factors such as sex, age, education, place of residence, and financial status. The present study analyzed data from 2 nationally representative crosssectional surveys, PolSenior (2009) and PolSenior2 (2019), comprising 4,712 and 4,075 participants aged ≥65 years, respectively. The individuals were categorized based on their dental status, denture use and sociodemographic characteristics. Unmet denture need was defined as the absence of complete or partial dentures among individuals with edentulism or partial tooth loss. The χ2 test and age standardization were implemented for the purpose of the statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. The proportion of edentulous and partially dentate individuals without dentures decreased from 19.4% in 2009 to 12.3% in 2019. The most pronounced improvements were noted among women, urban residents and individuals aged 85 years and older. Despite these gains, disparities by sex, place of residence, education level, and financial status persisted. Among individuals who owned dentures, denture use remained consistently high in both survey waves, exceeding 94%, with no significant differences between the study periods. The unmet need for dentures among Polish seniors has decreased over time, indicating an improvement in the accessibility to prosthetic care. However, sociodemographic disparities remain, highlighting the necessity for targeted public health strategies aimed at mitigating barriers to dental rehabilitation. The high rates of denture use confirm the enduring functional and psychosocial value of prosthetic treatment in older populations.

Background: Body image perception among adolescents is crucial for their mental health and is influenced by a variety of factors. Incorrect body weight estimation is common among this population and is usually overestimated by females and underestimated by males.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate body weight perception and related factors among adolescents aged 11 and 14.Material and Methods: This pilot study was based on data collected from the Polish health program “A program for the early detection of risk factors for lifestyle diseases SOPKARD-Junior” from the years 2015, 2017, 2019, 2021, and 2022. According to the BMI and weight perception, a total of 315 adolescents aged 11 and 14 were divided into three groups: “underestimating their weight”, “properly estimating their weight”, and “overestimating their weight”. These data were then compared to different psychosocial variables, such as parental education, life satisfaction, parental weight assessment, dieting, Family Affluence Scale (FAS), and subjective health.Results: Males underestimated their weight more often than females, while females overestimated their weight more frequently than males (all p < 0.001). These results were most prevalent for 14-year-olds. Dieting was observed in both age and sex groups, even despite being of normal weight. Moreover, dieting, parental weight assessment, and parental education were statistically significant factors related to children’s weight estimation.Discussion: Body weight misperception is prevalent among Polish teenagers aged 11 and 14. Factors, such as parental weight assessment or parental education, influence teenagers’ weight perception and should be investigated further.Conclusions: Incorrect weight perception is common among adolescents. Teachers, parents, and medical professionals, such as doctors or nurses, should be aware of this problem and provide proper education and support.