Objective: It is aimed to investigate the anti-convulsant effects of bioactive gas mediators hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) in pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsions in rats. Material Methods: Eighty male Wistar-Albino rats randomly divided into ten groups. Convulsions was induced by administering 60 mg/kg pentylentetrazole intraperitonally. Diazepam, NaHS, CORM-2, L-arginine and L-NAME were administred 60 minutes after pentylentetrazole. Seizure latency, seizure duration and seizure score were evaluated. Data were analyzed by the Kruskal Wallis test followed by posthoc analyses with Tukey. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Diazepam (2 mg/kg) extended the seizure latency and no significant difference was found in other groups. Diazepam (1 and 2 mg/kg) and NaHS (10 mg/kg) reduced seizure duration. NaHS (5 mg/kg), CORM-2 (5 and 10 mg/kg), L-arginine (30 and 100 mg/kg) and L-NAME (30 mg/kg) increased the seizure score significantly as compared to diazepam (1 and 2 mg/kg) groups. Conclusion: NaHS (10 mg/kg) may be protective in pentylentetrazole-induced seizures.

Objective: Cerebral vasospasm peaks between the fourth and seventh days after hemorrhage and occurs in approximately 70% of patients. Cannabidiol (CBD) has shown potential therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and vasodilatory properties. We aimed to investigate the effects of CBD on vasospasm in rats with induced SAH. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups, with ten rats in each group: the non-surgical control group (Group 1), the untreated SAH group (Group 2), and groups receiving intraperitoneal injections of 50 mg CBD (Group 3), 100 mg CBD (Group 4), 200 mg CBD (Group 5), or 0.05 mg Nimodipine (Group 6) after SAH induction. Results: In our study, total protein levels increased dose-dependently with CBD treatment, reaching the highest levels in the CBD200 group, indicating neuroprotective effects. IL-1ß and IL-6 levels were significantly lower in the groups treated with CBD, especially in the CBD50 group. Glutamate and myeloperoxidase levels were significantly reduced in the CBD-treated groups. We observed a decrease in Synapsin 1 in all treated groups, with the most significant reduction in the group treated with 50 mg/kg CBD. Histological measurements of the basilar artery for vasospasm showed that vasospasm was present in the untreated group, while the artery diameter was widest in the group treated with 50 mg/kg CBD. Conclusion: The potential effect of CBD in reducing the severity of vasospasm and improving outcomes after SAH highlights its importance for future clinical applications.