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Prof. Alexandru Enesca
Department of Product Design, Mechatronics and Environment, Universitatea Transilvania din Brasovdisabled, Brasov, Romania

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 photocatalytic materials
0 Wastewater treatments
0 Air decontamination
0 Thin film semiconductors
0 Metal oxides and composites layer

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Air decontamination
Wastewater treatments
Metal oxides and composites layer

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Journal article
Published: 30 June 2021 in Materials
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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are commonly found in indoor spaces (e.g., homes or offices) and are often related to various illnesses, some of them with carcinogenic potential. The origins of VOC release in the indoor environment are in office products, building materials, electronics, cleaning products, furniture, and maintenance products. VOC removal can be done based on two types of technologies: adsorption in specific materials and decomposition via oxidative processes. The present article reports the development and photocatalytic activity of two heterostructures (Cu2S/WO3 and Cu2S/SnO2) used for indoor air decontamination. The acetaldehyde removal rate is discussed in correlation with the S-scheme mechanisms established between the heterostructure components but also comparatively with the bare catalysts’ activity. Acetaldehyde was considered as a VOC reference because it was found by the International Agency for Research on Cancer to be one of the most frequent air toxins with potential carcinogenic effects. The samples contained monoclinic WO3, tetragonal SnO2, and orthorhombic Cu2S crystalline structures. The Cu2S crystallite size in the heterostructure varied from 75.9 to 82.4 Å, depending on the metal oxide substrate. The highest photocatalytic efficiency (75.7%) corresponded to Cu2S/SnO2, with a constant rate of 0.106 s−1 (which was three times faster than WO3 or SnO2 and seven and a half times faster than Cu2S).

ACS Style

Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Isac. Photocatalytic Activity of Cu2S/WO3 and Cu2S/SnO2 Heterostructures for Indoor Air Treatment. Materials 2021, 14, 3656 .

AMA Style

Alexandru Enesca, Luminita Isac. Photocatalytic Activity of Cu2S/WO3 and Cu2S/SnO2 Heterostructures for Indoor Air Treatment. Materials. 2021; 14 (13):3656.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Isac. 2021. "Photocatalytic Activity of Cu2S/WO3 and Cu2S/SnO2 Heterostructures for Indoor Air Treatment." Materials 14, no. 13: 3656.

Review
Published: 20 June 2021 in Polymers
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Nanocomposites with polymer matrix offer excellent opportunities to explore new functionalities beyond those of conventional materials. TiO2, as a reinforcement agent in polymeric nanocomposites, is a viable strategy that significantly enhanced their mechanical properties. The size of the filler plays an essential role in determining the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite. A defining feature of polymer nanocomposites is that the small size of the fillers leads to an increase in the interfacial area compared to traditional composites. The interfacial area generates a significant volume fraction of interfacial polymer, with properties different from the bulk polymer even at low loadings of the nanofiller. This review aims to provide specific guidelines on the correlations between the structures of TiO2 nanocomposites with polymeric matrix and their mechanical properties. The correlations will be established and explained based on interfaces realized between the polymer matrix and inorganic filler. The paper focuses on the influence of the composition parameters (type of polymeric matrix, TiO2 filler with surface modified/unmodified, additives) and technological parameters (processing methods, temperature, time, pressure) on the mechanical strength of TiO2 nanocomposites with the polymeric matrix.

ACS Style

Cristina Cazan; Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Andronic. Synergic Effect of TiO2 Filler on the Mechanical Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites. Polymers 2021, 13, 2017 .

AMA Style

Cristina Cazan, Alexandru Enesca, Luminita Andronic. Synergic Effect of TiO2 Filler on the Mechanical Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites. Polymers. 2021; 13 (12):2017.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Cazan; Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Andronic. 2021. "Synergic Effect of TiO2 Filler on the Mechanical Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites." Polymers 13, no. 12: 2017.

Review
Published: 27 April 2021 in Catalysts
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The organic pollutants removal by conventional methods (adsorption, coagulation, filtration, microorganism and enzymes) showed important limitation due to the reluctance of these molecules. An alternative to this issue is represented by the photocatalytic technology considered as an advanced oxidation process (AOP). The photoreactors design and concepts vary based on the working regime (static or dynamic), photocatalyst morphology (powders or bulk) and volume. This mini-review aims to provide specific guidelines on the correlations between the photoreactor concept characteristics (working regime, volume and flow rate), irradiation scenarios (light spectra, irradiation period and intensity) and the photocatalytic process parameters (photocatalyst materials and dosage, pollutant type and concentration, pollutant removal efficiency and constant rate). The paper considers two main photoreactor geometries (cylindrical and rectangular) and analyses the influence of parameters optimization on the overall photocatalytic efficiency. Based on the systematic evaluation of the input data reported in the scientific papers, several perspectives regarding the photocatalytic reactors’ optimization were included.

ACS Style

Alexandru Enesca. The Influence of Photocatalytic Reactors Design and Operating Parameters on the Wastewater Organic Pollutants Removal—A Mini-Review. Catalysts 2021, 11, 556 .

AMA Style

Alexandru Enesca. The Influence of Photocatalytic Reactors Design and Operating Parameters on the Wastewater Organic Pollutants Removal—A Mini-Review. Catalysts. 2021; 11 (5):556.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandru Enesca. 2021. "The Influence of Photocatalytic Reactors Design and Operating Parameters on the Wastewater Organic Pollutants Removal—A Mini-Review." Catalysts 11, no. 5: 556.

Journal article
Published: 26 April 2021 in Materials
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A dual S-scheme Cu2S_TiO2_WO3 heterostructure was constructed by sol–gel method using a two-step procedure. Due to the synthesis parameters and annealing treatment the heterostructure is characterized by sulfur deficit and oxygen excess allowing the passivation of oxygen vacancies. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated under UV and UV–Vis irradiation scenarios using S-MCh as reference pollutant. The heterostructure is composed on orthorhombic Cu2S, anatase TiO2 and monoclinic WO3 with crystallite sizes varying from 65.2 Å for Cu2S to 97.1 Å for WO3. The heterostructure exhibit a dense morphology with pellets and particle-like morphology closely combined in a relatively compact assembly. The surface elemental composition indicate that the heterostructure maintain a similar atomic ratio as established during the synthesis with a slight sulfur deficit due to the annealing treatments. The results indicate that the three-component heterostructure have higher photocatalytic efficiency (61%) comparing with two-component heterostructure or bare components. Moreover, Cu2S_TiO2_WO3 exhibit a superior constant rate (0.114 s−1) due to the high concentration of photogenerated charge carriers, efficient charge separation and migration.

ACS Style

Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Isac. Tuned S-Scheme Cu2S_TiO2_WO3 Heterostructure Photocatalyst toward S-Metolachlor (S-MCh) Herbicide Removal. Materials 2021, 14, 2231 .

AMA Style

Alexandru Enesca, Luminita Isac. Tuned S-Scheme Cu2S_TiO2_WO3 Heterostructure Photocatalyst toward S-Metolachlor (S-MCh) Herbicide Removal. Materials. 2021; 14 (9):2231.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Isac. 2021. "Tuned S-Scheme Cu2S_TiO2_WO3 Heterostructure Photocatalyst toward S-Metolachlor (S-MCh) Herbicide Removal." Materials 14, no. 9: 2231.

Review
Published: 30 March 2021 in Nanomaterials
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Finding new technologies and materials that provide real alternatives to the environmental and energy-related issues represents a key point on the future sustainability of the industrial activities and society development. The water contamination represents an important problem considering that the quantity and complexity of organic pollutant (such as dyes, pesticides, pharmaceutical active compounds, etc.) molecules can not be efficiently addressed by the traditional wastewater treatments. The use of fossil fuels presents two major disadvantages: (1) environmental pollution and (2) limited stock, which inevitably causes the energy shortage in various countries. A possible answer to the above issues is represented by the photocatalytic technology based on S-scheme heterostructures characterized by the use of light energy in order to degrade organic pollutants or to split the water molecule into its components. The present mini-review aims to outline the most recent achievements in the production and optimization of S-scheme heterostructures for photocatalytic applications. The paper focuses on the influence of heterostructure components and photocatalytic parameters (photocatalyst dosage, light spectra and intensity, irradiation time) on the pollutant removal efficiency and hydrogen evolution rate. Additionally, based on the systematic evaluation of the reported results, several perspectives regarding the future of S-scheme heterostructures were included.

ACS Style

Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Andronic. Photocatalytic Activity of S-Scheme Heterostructure for Hydrogen Production and Organic Pollutant Removal: A Mini-Review. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 871 .

AMA Style

Alexandru Enesca, Luminita Andronic. Photocatalytic Activity of S-Scheme Heterostructure for Hydrogen Production and Organic Pollutant Removal: A Mini-Review. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11 (4):871.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Andronic. 2021. "Photocatalytic Activity of S-Scheme Heterostructure for Hydrogen Production and Organic Pollutant Removal: A Mini-Review." Nanomaterials 11, no. 4: 871.

Journal article
Published: 14 January 2021 in Nanomaterials
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The photocatalyst materials correlation with the radiation scenario and pollutant molecules can have a significant influence on the overall photocatalytic efficiency. This work aims to outline the significance of optimizing the components mass ratio into a tandem structure in order to increase the photocatalytic activity toward pollutant removal. ZnO_SnO2 and TiO2_SnO2 tandem structures were obtained by the doctor blade technique using different mass ratios between the components. The samples contain metal oxides with crystalline structures and the morphology is influenced by the main component. The photocatalytic activity was tested using three radiation scenarios (UV, UV-Vis, and Vis) and two pollutant molecules (tartrazine and acetamiprid). The results indicate that the photocatalytic activity of the tandem structures is influenced by the radiation wavelength and pollutant molecule. The TiO2_SnO2 exhibit 90% photocatalytic efficiency under UV radiation in the presence of tartrazine, while ZnO_SnO2 exhibit 73% photocatalytic efficiency in the same experimental conditions. The kinetic evaluation indicate that ZnO_SnO2 (2:1) have a higher reaction rate comparing with TiO2_SnO2 (1:2) under UV radiation in the presence of acetamiprid.

ACS Style

Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Isac. Tandem Structures Semiconductors Based on TiO2_SnO2 and ZnO_SnO2 for Photocatalytic Organic Pollutant Removal. Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 200 .

AMA Style

Alexandru Enesca, Luminita Isac. Tandem Structures Semiconductors Based on TiO2_SnO2 and ZnO_SnO2 for Photocatalytic Organic Pollutant Removal. Nanomaterials. 2021; 11 (1):200.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Isac. 2021. "Tandem Structures Semiconductors Based on TiO2_SnO2 and ZnO_SnO2 for Photocatalytic Organic Pollutant Removal." Nanomaterials 11, no. 1: 200.

Original research article
Published: 25 November 2020 in Frontiers in Chemistry
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ZnO-TiO2 and SnO2-TiO2 tandem structures were developed using the doctor blade technique. It was found that by employing organic hydrophilic and hydrophobic as additives into the precursor it is possible to tailor the film density and morphology with direct consequences on the photocatalytic activity of the tandem structures. The highest photocatalytic efficiency corresponds to ZnO-TiO2 and can reach 74.04% photocatalytic efficiency toward acetaldehyde when a hydrophilic additive is used and 70.93% when a hydrophobic additive is employed. The snO2-TiO2 tandem structure presents lower photocatalytic properties (61.35 % when the hydrophilic additive is used) with a constant rate reaction of 0.07771 min−1.

ACS Style

Alexandru Enesca. Enhancing the Photocatalytic Activity of SnO2-TiO2 and ZnO-TiO2 Tandem Structures Toward Indoor Air Decontamination. Frontiers in Chemistry 2020, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Alexandru Enesca. Enhancing the Photocatalytic Activity of SnO2-TiO2 and ZnO-TiO2 Tandem Structures Toward Indoor Air Decontamination. Frontiers in Chemistry. 2020; 8 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandru Enesca. 2020. "Enhancing the Photocatalytic Activity of SnO2-TiO2 and ZnO-TiO2 Tandem Structures Toward Indoor Air Decontamination." Frontiers in Chemistry 8, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 13 November 2020 in Applied Sciences
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Ternary composites of TiO2–CuxS–fly ash were used in simultaneous adsorption and photocatalysis processes for the removal of organic (dye) pollutants. Composites of semiconductor (TiO2, CuxS) nanomaterials hosted within matrices of fly ash, such as film heterostructures, are promising materials for advanced wastewater treatment. The combination of adsorption and photocatalysis processes was investigated in the removal of methylene blue (MB), considered as a standard in photocatalysis. Ternary film heterostructures obtained by doctor blade technique allows overcoming the separation step of particles from treated wastewater. The comparison between the adsorption and photodegradation tests performed with TiO2–CuxS–fly ash showed that in dark conditions, the MB removal was 75% after 360 min, while in the presence of UV radiation, almost total dismissal of MB was achieved in the same treatment period. The degradation rate of MB, when H2O2 is used as an electron acceptor, could reach 90% in adsorption and 99% in simultaneous adsorption/photocatalysis processes. The adsorption isotherm was found to follow the Langmuir and Freundlich models.

ACS Style

Luminita Andronic; Luminita Isac; Cristina Cazan; Alexandru Enesca. Simultaneous Adsorption and Photocatalysis Processes Based on Ternary TiO2–CuxS–Fly Ash Hetero-Structures. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 8070 .

AMA Style

Luminita Andronic, Luminita Isac, Cristina Cazan, Alexandru Enesca. Simultaneous Adsorption and Photocatalysis Processes Based on Ternary TiO2–CuxS–Fly Ash Hetero-Structures. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (22):8070.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luminita Andronic; Luminita Isac; Cristina Cazan; Alexandru Enesca. 2020. "Simultaneous Adsorption and Photocatalysis Processes Based on Ternary TiO2–CuxS–Fly Ash Hetero-Structures." Applied Sciences 10, no. 22: 8070.

Review
Published: 03 October 2020 in Nanomaterials
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The impact of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on indoor air quality and, furthermore, on human health is still a subject of research investigations considering the large increase in forms of cancer and related diseases. VOCs can be 10 times higher in indoor air concentrations then that of the outdoors, as a consequence of emissions from electronics, building materials and consumer goods. Direct transformation of VOCs in mineralization products seems to be an alternative to reduce indoor air contaminants. The advantage of photocatalysis implementation in indoor air treatment is given by the absence of additional chemicals (such as H2O2) and waste. The present mini-review presents a comparative study on VOCs photocatalytic removal considering the photocatalyst composition, morphology and specific surface. The sheet-like morphology seems to provide a higher number of active sites which may contribute to oxidative reactions. The insertion of materials able to increase light absorbance or to mediate the charge carrier’s transport will have a beneficial impact on the overall photocatalytic efficiency. Additionally, surface chemistry must be considered when developing photocatalysts for certain gas pollutants in order to favor molecule absorbance in the interfacial region. An energy consumption perspective is given based on the light intensity and irradiation period.

ACS Style

Alexandru Enesca; Cristina Cazan. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Removal from Indoor Air by Heterostructures/Composites/Doped Photocatalysts: A Mini-Review. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 1965 .

AMA Style

Alexandru Enesca, Cristina Cazan. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Removal from Indoor Air by Heterostructures/Composites/Doped Photocatalysts: A Mini-Review. Nanomaterials. 2020; 10 (10):1965.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandru Enesca; Cristina Cazan. 2020. "Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Removal from Indoor Air by Heterostructures/Composites/Doped Photocatalysts: A Mini-Review." Nanomaterials 10, no. 10: 1965.

Review
Published: 07 September 2020 in Nanomaterials
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The diversification of pollutants type and concentration in wastewater has underlined the importance of finding new alternatives to traditional treatment methods. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), among others, are considered as promising candidate to efficiently remove organic pollutants such as dyes or pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs). The present minireview resumes several recent achievements on the implementation and optimization of photoactive heterostructures used as photocatalysts for dyes and PhACs removal. The paper is focused on various methods of enhancing the heterostructure photocatalytic properties by optimizing parameters such as synthesis methods, composition, crystallinity, morphology, pollutant concentration and light irradiation.

ACS Style

Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Andronic. The Influence of Photoactive Heterostructures on the Photocatalytic Removal of Dyes and Pharmaceutical Active Compounds: A Mini-Review. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 1766 .

AMA Style

Alexandru Enesca, Luminita Andronic. The Influence of Photoactive Heterostructures on the Photocatalytic Removal of Dyes and Pharmaceutical Active Compounds: A Mini-Review. Nanomaterials. 2020; 10 (9):1766.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Andronic. 2020. "The Influence of Photoactive Heterostructures on the Photocatalytic Removal of Dyes and Pharmaceutical Active Compounds: A Mini-Review." Nanomaterials 10, no. 9: 1766.

Journal article
Published: 29 May 2020 in Materials
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The design of a photocatalytic process must consider intrinsic and extrinsic parameters affecting its overall efficiency. This study aims to outline the importance of balancing several factors, such as radiation source, total irradiance, photon flux, catalyst substrate, and pollutant type in order to optimize the photocatalytic efficiency. Titanium oxide was deposed by the doctor blade technique on three substrates (microscopic glass (G), flour-doped tin oxide (FTO), and aluminum (Al)), and the photocatalytic properties of the samples were tested on two pollutants (tartrazine (Tr) and acetamiprid (Apd)). Seven irradiation scenarios were tested using different ratios of UV-A, UV-B + C, and Vis radiations. The results indicated that the presence of a conductive substrate and a suitable ratio of UV-A and Vis radiations could increase the photocatalytic efficiency of the samples. Higher efficiencies were obtained for the sample Ti_FTO (58.3% for Tr and 70.8% for Apd) and the sample Ti_Al (63.8% for Tr and 82.3% for Apd) using a mixture of three UV-A and one Vis sources (13.5 W/m2 and 41.85 μmol/(m2·s)). A kinetic evaluation revealed two different mechanisms of reaction: (a) a one-interval mechanism related to Apd removal by Ti_FTO, Ti_Al (scenarios 1, 4, 5, and 7), and Ti_G samples (scenario 7) and (b) a two-interval mechanism in all other cases.

ACS Style

Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Isac. The Influence of Light Irradiation on the Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants. Materials 2020, 13, 2494 .

AMA Style

Alexandru Enesca, Luminita Isac. The Influence of Light Irradiation on the Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants. Materials. 2020; 13 (11):2494.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Isac. 2020. "The Influence of Light Irradiation on the Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants." Materials 13, no. 11: 2494.

Mini review article
Published: 23 October 2019 in Frontiers in Chemistry
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The presence of toxic, non-biodegradable and harmful organic pollutants in soils, wastewater, and atmosphere has become an indisputable, and global fact as a significant environmental problem. The heterogeneous photocatalysis, an advanced oxidation process (AOP) using semiconductor materials as catalysts, is a topic of great interest considering the possibility of the pollutants removal from water. The photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants (i.e., dyes, pesticides, phenolic compounds) present in water using semiconductor materials depends on a number of parameters such as: the bandgap energy, phase composition, crystallinity, morphology and surface area of catalyst, electron-hole recombination rate, intensity of light, and adsorption capacity of the dye on the photocatalyst surface. One of the important constraints related to the catalyst photocatalytic efficiency is the fast recombination of the photogenerated electrons and holes. Therefore, various strategies have been involved in promoting the charge separation, including the development of heterojunction between two semiconductor materials, by tailoring the photocatalysts properties. This mini-review deals with the recent developments on dyes photodegradation using as catalysts various heterojunctions based on copper sulfide nanostructures, such as copper sulfide/metal oxide, copper sulfide/metal sulfide, copper sulfide/graphene, copper sulfide/organic semiconductors etc. The effects of different parameters, such as synthesis parameters, particle size, bandgap energy, surface area, and morphology on the photocatalytic activity of copper sulfide heterojunctions for dyes degradation is also highlighted.

ACS Style

Luminita Isac; Cristina Cazan; Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Andronic. Copper Sulfide Based Heterojunctions as Photocatalysts for Dyes Photodegradation. Frontiers in Chemistry 2019, 7, 694 .

AMA Style

Luminita Isac, Cristina Cazan, Alexandru Enesca, Luminita Andronic. Copper Sulfide Based Heterojunctions as Photocatalysts for Dyes Photodegradation. Frontiers in Chemistry. 2019; 7 ():694.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luminita Isac; Cristina Cazan; Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Andronic. 2019. "Copper Sulfide Based Heterojunctions as Photocatalysts for Dyes Photodegradation." Frontiers in Chemistry 7, no. : 694.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2018 in Catalysis Today
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ACS Style

Anca Duta; Luminita Andronic; Alexandru Enesca. The influence of low irradiance and electrolytes on the mineralization efficiency of organic pollutants using the Vis-active photocatalytic tandem CuInS2/TiO2/SnO2. Catalysis Today 2018, 300, 18 -27.

AMA Style

Anca Duta, Luminita Andronic, Alexandru Enesca. The influence of low irradiance and electrolytes on the mineralization efficiency of organic pollutants using the Vis-active photocatalytic tandem CuInS2/TiO2/SnO2. Catalysis Today. 2018; 300 ():18-27.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anca Duta; Luminita Andronic; Alexandru Enesca. 2018. "The influence of low irradiance and electrolytes on the mineralization efficiency of organic pollutants using the Vis-active photocatalytic tandem CuInS2/TiO2/SnO2." Catalysis Today 300, no. : 18-27.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2017 in Journal of Energy Engineering
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Solar glass with high transmittance and low reflectance is used as glazing in solar-thermal collectors or photovoltaic modules; however, in field conditions the glazed surface can be the subject of fouling; therefore, additional prerequisites are targeting self-cleaning features while preserving or enhancing the glass optical properties. This study presents the results obtained by applying silica-based layers to the solar glass surfaces; the surface properties are tailored by controlling the roughness to modify the optical properties and improve surface wettability, supporting self-cleaning mechanisms. The sol-gel silica nanoparticles are deposited in optimized conditions, with and without titanium dioxide and gold nanoparticles; the thin layers are analyzed by X-ray diffraction, contact angle, optical measurements, and atomic force microscopy. The roughness values are influenced by the chemical composition, with lower values for the layers containing only silica and increased values when TiO2 and Au nanoparticles are added. The layers have a predominant polar component of surface tension (>95%), supporting good wettability, up to enhanced superhydrophilic features as compared with the uncoated solar glass. Additionally, the investigations under simulated solar radiation outline self-cleaning features in methylene blue removal, as a combined effect of photocatalysis and superhydrophilicity.

ACS Style

Ciprian Mihoreanu; Alin Banciu; Alexandru Enesca; Anca Duta. Silica-Based Thin Films for Self-Cleaning Applications in Solar Energy Converters. Journal of Energy Engineering 2017, 143, 04017029 .

AMA Style

Ciprian Mihoreanu, Alin Banciu, Alexandru Enesca, Anca Duta. Silica-Based Thin Films for Self-Cleaning Applications in Solar Energy Converters. Journal of Energy Engineering. 2017; 143 (5):04017029.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ciprian Mihoreanu; Alin Banciu; Alexandru Enesca; Anca Duta. 2017. "Silica-Based Thin Films for Self-Cleaning Applications in Solar Energy Converters." Journal of Energy Engineering 143, no. 5: 04017029.

Conference paper
Published: 03 September 2017 in Springer Proceedings in Energy
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The paper is a comprehensive review on the wastewater treatment processes focused on the energy performance and energy efficiency. Extensive studies reported in literature, including results from our Renewable Energy Systems and Recycling R&D Center, are selected to give a clear view on the advantages and disadvantages of traditional and advanced wastewater treatment processes, from the energy consumption perspective. The challenges in terms of energy saving, process optimization and sustainable materials are presented. The traditional processes used in the wastewater plants have limited efficiency for removing the new organic pollutants and usually require environmental aggressive procedures (e.g. chlorination). Advanced wastewater treatments using common raw materials and renewable energy sources represent a sustainable answer to the problem raised by the resilient organic pollutants. So, the paper outlines that advanced wastewater treatment represents a suitable part of the strategy for planning nearly zero energy communities (nZEC).

ACS Style

Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Andronic; Anca Duta; Ion Visa. Sustainable Wastewater Treatment for Households in Small Communities. Springer Proceedings in Energy 2017, 550 -565.

AMA Style

Alexandru Enesca, Luminita Andronic, Anca Duta, Ion Visa. Sustainable Wastewater Treatment for Households in Small Communities. Springer Proceedings in Energy. 2017; ():550-565.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandru Enesca; Luminita Andronic; Anca Duta; Ion Visa. 2017. "Sustainable Wastewater Treatment for Households in Small Communities." Springer Proceedings in Energy , no. : 550-565.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2017 in Journal of Catalysis
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ACS Style

Alexandru Enesca; Yuichi Yamaguchi; Chiaki Terashima; Akira Fujishima; Kazuya Nakata; Anca Duta. Enhanced UV–Vis photocatalytic performance of the CuInS 2 /TiO 2 /SnO 2 hetero-structure for air decontamination. Journal of Catalysis 2017, 350, 174 -181.

AMA Style

Alexandru Enesca, Yuichi Yamaguchi, Chiaki Terashima, Akira Fujishima, Kazuya Nakata, Anca Duta. Enhanced UV–Vis photocatalytic performance of the CuInS 2 /TiO 2 /SnO 2 hetero-structure for air decontamination. Journal of Catalysis. 2017; 350 ():174-181.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandru Enesca; Yuichi Yamaguchi; Chiaki Terashima; Akira Fujishima; Kazuya Nakata; Anca Duta. 2017. "Enhanced UV–Vis photocatalytic performance of the CuInS 2 /TiO 2 /SnO 2 hetero-structure for air decontamination." Journal of Catalysis 350, no. : 174-181.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Environmental Engineering and Management Journal
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ACS Style

Luminita Isac; Lavinia Nicoara; Ramona Panait; Alexandru Enesca; Dana Perniu; Anca Duta. ALUMINA MATRIX WITH CONTROLLED MORPHOLOGY FOR COLORED SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE COATINGS. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 2017, 16, 715 -724.

AMA Style

Luminita Isac, Lavinia Nicoara, Ramona Panait, Alexandru Enesca, Dana Perniu, Anca Duta. ALUMINA MATRIX WITH CONTROLLED MORPHOLOGY FOR COLORED SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE COATINGS. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal. 2017; 16 (3):715-724.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luminita Isac; Lavinia Nicoara; Ramona Panait; Alexandru Enesca; Dana Perniu; Anca Duta. 2017. "ALUMINA MATRIX WITH CONTROLLED MORPHOLOGY FOR COLORED SPECTRALLY SELECTIVE COATINGS." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 16, no. 3: 715-724.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2016 in Applied Catalysis B: Environmental
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Tandem structures involving CuInS2, TiO2 and SnO2 thin films were prepared by Robotic Spray Pyrolysis and were optimized in terms of composition and deposition temperatures. The compounds have structural compatibility (crystalline structures and crystallites sizes) and good homogeneity. The crystalline structures were investigated by X-ray diffraction and the morphology by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The wettability properties and the surface energy were calculated based on contact angle measurements using two liquids with different polarities (glycerol and ethylene glycol). The components in the tandem systems have suitably positioned the energy of the conduction and valance bands, limiting charge recombination, therefore, the sample containing all three semiconductors has the highest mineralization efficiency (95.3% removal of total organic carbon) under UV + Vis irradiation, mimicking solar radiation. Long term use of the photocatalytic films (up to 36 h) proved the need to design the process with interim washing steps for preserving the photocatalytic efficiency by avoiding surface clogging.

ACS Style

Alexandru Enesca; Mazabalo Baneto; Dana Perniu; Luminita Isac; Cristina Bogatu; Anca Duta. Solar-activated tandem thin films based on CuInS2, TiO2 and SnO2 in optimized wastewater treatment processes. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 2016, 186, 69 -76.

AMA Style

Alexandru Enesca, Mazabalo Baneto, Dana Perniu, Luminita Isac, Cristina Bogatu, Anca Duta. Solar-activated tandem thin films based on CuInS2, TiO2 and SnO2 in optimized wastewater treatment processes. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 2016; 186 ():69-76.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandru Enesca; Mazabalo Baneto; Dana Perniu; Luminita Isac; Cristina Bogatu; Anca Duta. 2016. "Solar-activated tandem thin films based on CuInS2, TiO2 and SnO2 in optimized wastewater treatment processes." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 186, no. : 69-76.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2016 in Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing
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ACS Style

Anca Duta; Alexandru Enesca; Cristina Bogatu; Eniko Gyorgy. Solar-active photocatalytic tandems. A compromise in the photocatalytic processes design. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing 2016, 42, 94 -97.

AMA Style

Anca Duta, Alexandru Enesca, Cristina Bogatu, Eniko Gyorgy. Solar-active photocatalytic tandems. A compromise in the photocatalytic processes design. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing. 2016; 42 ():94-97.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anca Duta; Alexandru Enesca; Cristina Bogatu; Eniko Gyorgy. 2016. "Solar-active photocatalytic tandems. A compromise in the photocatalytic processes design." Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing 42, no. : 94-97.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2015 in Materials Science and Engineering: B
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ACS Style

Younes Mouchaal; Alexandru Enesca; Ciprian Mihoreanu; Abdelbacet Khelil; Anca Duta. Tuning the opto-electrical properties of SnO2 thin films by Ag+1 and In+3 co-doping. Materials Science and Engineering: B 2015, 199, 22 -29.

AMA Style

Younes Mouchaal, Alexandru Enesca, Ciprian Mihoreanu, Abdelbacet Khelil, Anca Duta. Tuning the opto-electrical properties of SnO2 thin films by Ag+1 and In+3 co-doping. Materials Science and Engineering: B. 2015; 199 ():22-29.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Younes Mouchaal; Alexandru Enesca; Ciprian Mihoreanu; Abdelbacet Khelil; Anca Duta. 2015. "Tuning the opto-electrical properties of SnO2 thin films by Ag+1 and In+3 co-doping." Materials Science and Engineering: B 199, no. : 22-29.