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Deukhee Lee
Center for Healthcare Robotics, AI and Robot Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea

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Journal article
Published: 28 February 2021 in Biosensors
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Knowing the material properties of the musculoskeletal soft tissue could be important to develop rehabilitation therapy and surgical procedures. However, there is a lack of devices and information on the viscoelastic properties of soft tissues around the lumbar spine. The goal of this study was to develop a portable quantifying device for providing strain and stress curves of muscles and ligaments around the lumbar spine at various stretching speeds. Each sample was conditioned and applied for 20 repeatable cyclic 5 mm stretch-and-relax trials in the direction and perpendicular direction of the fiber at 2, 3 and 5 mm/s. Our device successfully provided the stress and strain curve of the samples and our results showed that there were significant effects of speed on the young’s modulus of the samples (p < 0.05). Compared to the expensive commercial device, our lower-cost device provided comparable stress and strain curves of the sample. Based on our device and findings, various sizes of samples can be measured and viscoelastic properties of the soft tissues can be obtained. Our portable device and approach can help to investigate young’s modulus of musculoskeletal soft tissues conveniently, and can be a basis for developing a material testing device in a surgical room or various lab environments.

ACS Style

Song Lee; Yong-Eun Cho; Kyung-Hyun Kim; Deukhee Lee. Developing a Quantifying Device for Soft Tissue Material Properties around Lumbar Spines. Biosensors 2021, 11, 67 .

AMA Style

Song Lee, Yong-Eun Cho, Kyung-Hyun Kim, Deukhee Lee. Developing a Quantifying Device for Soft Tissue Material Properties around Lumbar Spines. Biosensors. 2021; 11 (3):67.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Song Lee; Yong-Eun Cho; Kyung-Hyun Kim; Deukhee Lee. 2021. "Developing a Quantifying Device for Soft Tissue Material Properties around Lumbar Spines." Biosensors 11, no. 3: 67.

Journal article
Published: 17 February 2021 in Applied Sciences
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Although spinal surgeries with minimal incisions and a minimal amount of X-ray exposure (MIMA) mostly occur in a prone posture on a Wilson table, the prone posture’s effects on spinal muscles have not been investigated. Thus, this study used ultrasound shear-wave elastography (SWE) to compare the material properties of the erector spinae and multifidus muscles when subjects lay on the Wilson table used for spinal surgery and the flat table as a control condition. Thirteen male subjects participated in the study. Using ultrasound SWE, the shear elastic moduli (SEM) of the erector spinae and multifidus muscles were investigated. Significant increases were found in the SEM of erector spinae muscle 1, erector spinae muscle 2, and multifidus muscles on the Wilson table (W) compared to in the flat table (F; W:22.19 ± 7.15 kPa, F:10.40 ± 3.20 kPa, p < 0.001; W:12.10 ± 3.31 kPa, F: 7.17 ± 1.71 kPa, p < 0.001; W: 18.39 ± 4.80 kPa, F: 11.43 ± 2.81 kPa, p < 0.001, respectively). Our results indicate that muscle material properties measured by SWE can be changed due to table posture, which should be considered in biomechanical modeling by guiding surgical planning to develop minimal-incision surgical procedures.

ACS Style

Tae Lim; Deukhee Lee; Olga Kim; Song Lee. Quantification of the Elastic Moduli of Lumbar Erector Spinae and Multifidus Muscles Using Shear-Wave Ultrasound Elastography. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 1782 .

AMA Style

Tae Lim, Deukhee Lee, Olga Kim, Song Lee. Quantification of the Elastic Moduli of Lumbar Erector Spinae and Multifidus Muscles Using Shear-Wave Ultrasound Elastography. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (4):1782.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tae Lim; Deukhee Lee; Olga Kim; Song Lee. 2021. "Quantification of the Elastic Moduli of Lumbar Erector Spinae and Multifidus Muscles Using Shear-Wave Ultrasound Elastography." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4: 1782.

Article
Published: 22 January 2021 in Journal of Digital Imaging
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The sliding motion along the boundaries of discontinuous regions has been actively studied in B-spline free-form deformation framework. This study focusses on the sliding motion for a velocity field-based 3D+t registration. The discontinuity of the tangent direction guides the deformation of the object region, and a separate control of two regions provides a better registration accuracy. The sliding motion under the velocity field-based transformation is conducted under the \(\alpha\)-Rényi entropy estimator using a minimum spanning tree (MST) topology. Moreover, a new topology changing method of the MST is proposed. The topology change is performed as follows: inserting random noise, constructing the MST, and removing random noise while preserving a local connection consistency of the MST. This random noise process (RNP) prevents the \(\alpha\)-Rényi entropy-based registration from degrading in sliding motion, because the RNP creates a small disturbance around special locations. Experiments were performed using two publicly available datasets: the DIR-Lab dataset, which consists of 4D pulmonary computed tomography (CT) images, and a benchmarking framework dataset for cardiac 3D ultrasound. For the 4D pulmonary CT images, RNP produced a significantly improved result for the original MST with sliding motion (p<0.05). For the cardiac 3D ultrasound dataset, only a discontinuity-based registration indicated activity of the RNP. In contrast, the single MST without sliding motion did not show any improvement. These experiments proved the effectiveness of the RNP for sliding motion.

ACS Style

Jang Pyo Bae; Siyeop Yoon; Malinda Vania; Deukhee Lee. Spatiotemporal Free-Form Registration Method Assisted by a Minimum Spanning Tree During Discontinuous Transformations. Journal of Digital Imaging 2021, 34, 190 -203.

AMA Style

Jang Pyo Bae, Siyeop Yoon, Malinda Vania, Deukhee Lee. Spatiotemporal Free-Form Registration Method Assisted by a Minimum Spanning Tree During Discontinuous Transformations. Journal of Digital Imaging. 2021; 34 (1):190-203.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jang Pyo Bae; Siyeop Yoon; Malinda Vania; Deukhee Lee. 2021. "Spatiotemporal Free-Form Registration Method Assisted by a Minimum Spanning Tree During Discontinuous Transformations." Journal of Digital Imaging 34, no. 1: 190-203.

Journal article
Published: 05 January 2021 in Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
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Background and Objective: Intra-operative X-ray angiography, the current standard method for visualizing and diagnosing cardiovascular disease, is limited in its ability to provide essential 3D information. These limitations are disadvantages in treating patients. For example, it is a cause of lowering the success rate of interventional procedures. Here, we propose a novel 2D-3D non-rigid registration method to understand vascular geometry during percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: The proposed method uses the local bijection pair distance as a cost function to minimize the effect of inconsistencies from center-line extraction. Moreover, novel cage-based 3D deformation and multi-threaded particle swarm optimization are utilized to implement real-time registration. We evaluated the proposed method for 154 examinations from 10 anonymous patients by coverage percentage, comparing the average distance of the 2D extracted center-line with that of the registered 3D center-line. Results: The proposed 2D-3D non-rigid registration method achieved an average distance of 1.98 mm with a 0.54 s computation time. Additionally, in aiming to reduce the uncertainty of XA images, we used the proposed method to retrospectively visualize the connections between 2D vascular segments and the distal part of occlusions. Conclusions: Ultimately, the proposed 2D/3D non-rigid registration method can successfully register the 3D center-line of coronary arteries with corresponding 2D XA images, and is computationally sufficient for online usage. Therefore, this method can improve the success rate of such procedures as a percutaneous coronary intervention and provide the information necessary to diagnose cardiovascular diseases better.

ACS Style

Siyeop Yoon; Chang Hwan Yoon; Deukhee Lee. Topological recovery for non-rigid 2D/3D registration of coronary artery models. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 2021, 200, 105922 .

AMA Style

Siyeop Yoon, Chang Hwan Yoon, Deukhee Lee. Topological recovery for non-rigid 2D/3D registration of coronary artery models. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 2021; 200 ():105922.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Siyeop Yoon; Chang Hwan Yoon; Deukhee Lee. 2021. "Topological recovery for non-rigid 2D/3D registration of coronary artery models." Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 200, no. : 105922.

Journal article
Published: 05 October 2020 in Sensors
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Cardiovascular-related diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. An understanding of heart movement based on images plays a vital role in assisting postoperative procedures and processes. In particular, if shape information can be provided in real-time using electrocardiogram (ECG) signal information, the corresponding heart movement information can be used for cardiovascular analysis and imaging guides during surgery. In this paper, we propose a 3D+t cardiac coronary artery model which is rendered in real-time, according to the ECG signal, where hierarchical cage-based deformation modeling is used to generate the mesh deformation used during the procedure. We match the blood vessel’s lumen obtained from the ECG-gated 3D+t CT angiography taken at multiple cardiac phases, in order to derive the optimal deformation. Splines for 3D deformation control points are used to continuously represent the obtained deformation in the multi-view, according to the ECG signal. To verify the proposed method, we compare the manually segmented lumen and the results of the proposed method for eight patients. The average distance and dice coefficient between the two models were 0.543 mm and 0.735, respectively. The required time for registration of the 3D coronary artery model was 23.53 s/model. The rendering speed to derive the model, after generating the 3D+t model, was faster than 120 FPS.

ACS Style

Siyeop Yoon; Changhwan Yoon; Eun Ju Chun; Deukhee Lee. A Patient-Specific 3Dt Coronary Artery Motion Modeling Method Using Hierarchical Deformation with Electrocardiogram+. Sensors 2020, 20, 5680 .

AMA Style

Siyeop Yoon, Changhwan Yoon, Eun Ju Chun, Deukhee Lee. A Patient-Specific 3Dt Coronary Artery Motion Modeling Method Using Hierarchical Deformation with Electrocardiogram+. Sensors. 2020; 20 (19):5680.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Siyeop Yoon; Changhwan Yoon; Eun Ju Chun; Deukhee Lee. 2020. "A Patient-Specific 3Dt Coronary Artery Motion Modeling Method Using Hierarchical Deformation with Electrocardiogram+." Sensors 20, no. 19: 5680.

Journal article
Published: 09 September 2020 in Applied Sciences
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Finite element (FE) modeling of the passive ligamentous spine is widely used to assess various biomechanical behaviors. Currently, FE models that incorporate the vertebrae, ligaments, and the personalized geometry of the bony spine may be used in conjunction with external loads from the muscles. However, while the muscles place a load (moment) on the spine and support it simultaneously, the effect of the passive support from the adjacent spinal muscles has not been considered. This study thus aims to investigate the effect of passive support from the psoas major, quadratus lumborum, and erector muscles on the range of motion (RoM) and intradiscal pressure (IDP) of the lumbar spine. Various L2-sacrum spinal models that differed only in their muscle properties were constructed and loaded with a pure moment (2.5–15.0 Nm) alone or combined with a compressive (440 or 1000 N) follower load. The RoM and IDP of the model that excluded the effect of muscles closely matched previous FE results under the corresponding load conditions. When the muscles (40–160 kPa) were included in the FE model, the RoM at L2 was reduced by up to 6.57% under a pure moment (10 Nm). The IDP was reduced by up to 6.45% under flexion and 6.84% under extension. It was also found that the erector muscles had a greater effect than the psoas major and quadratus muscles.

ACS Style

Inhan Kang; Minwook Choi; Deukhee Lee; Gunwoo Noh. Effect of Passive Support of the Spinal Muscles on the Biomechanics of a Lumbar Finite Element Model. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 6278 .

AMA Style

Inhan Kang, Minwook Choi, Deukhee Lee, Gunwoo Noh. Effect of Passive Support of the Spinal Muscles on the Biomechanics of a Lumbar Finite Element Model. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (18):6278.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Inhan Kang; Minwook Choi; Deukhee Lee; Gunwoo Noh. 2020. "Effect of Passive Support of the Spinal Muscles on the Biomechanics of a Lumbar Finite Element Model." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18: 6278.

Preprint
Published: 04 September 2020
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Cardiovascular-related diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. An understanding of heart movement based on images plays a vital role in assisting the procedure in the postoperative and postoperative processes. In particular, if the shape information can be provided in real-time using the electrocardiogram(ECG) signal using this information, the heart’s movement information can be used for cardiovascular analysis and imaging guides during surgery. In this paper, we propose creating a 3D+t cardiac coronary artery model that is rendered in real-time according to the ECG signal. Hierarchical cage-based deformation modeling is used to generate mesh deformation used during the procedure according to the ECG signal. We match the blood vessel’s lumen obtained from the ECG-gated 3D+t CT angiography taken at the multiple cardiac phases to derive the optimal deformation. Splines for 3D deformation control points were used to continuously represent the obtained deformation at the multi-view according to the ECG signal. To verify the proposed method, we compared the manually segmented lumen and results of the proposed method for eight patients. The average distance and dice coefficient between the two models was 0.543mm and 0.735, respectively. The required time for registration of the 3D coronary artery model is 23.53 seconds/model. rendering speed to derive the model according to the ECG signal after generating the 3D+t model is faster than 120 FPS.

ACS Style

Siyeop Yoon; Changhwan Yoon; Eun Ju Chun; Deukhee Lee. A Patient-Specific 3D+t Coronary Artery Motion Modeling Method Using a Hierarchical Deformation with Electrocardiogram. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Siyeop Yoon, Changhwan Yoon, Eun Ju Chun, Deukhee Lee. A Patient-Specific 3D+t Coronary Artery Motion Modeling Method Using a Hierarchical Deformation with Electrocardiogram. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Siyeop Yoon; Changhwan Yoon; Eun Ju Chun; Deukhee Lee. 2020. "A Patient-Specific 3D+t Coronary Artery Motion Modeling Method Using a Hierarchical Deformation with Electrocardiogram." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 18 July 2020 in Applied Sciences
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The creation of 3D models for cardiac mapping systems is time-consuming, and the models suffer from issues with repeatability among operators. The present study aimed to construct a double-shaped model composed of the left ventricle and left atrium. We developed cascaded-regression-based segmentation software with probabilistic point and appearance correspondence. Group-wise registration of point sets constructs the point correspondence from probabilistic matches, and the proposed method also calculates appearance correspondence from these probabilistic matches. Final point correspondence of group-wise registration constructed independently for three surfaces of the double-shaped model. Stochastic appearance selection of cascaded regression enables the effective construction in the aspect of memory usage and computation time. The two correspondence construction methods of active appearance models were compared in terms of the paired segmentation of the left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV). The proposed method segmented 35 cardiac CTs in six-fold cross-validation, and the symmetric surface distance (SSD), Hausdorff distance (HD), and Dice coefficient (DC), were used for evaluation. The proposed method produced 1.88 ± 0.37 mm of LV SSD, 2.25 ± 0.51 mm* of LA SSD, and 2.06 ± 0.34 mm* of the left heart (LH) SSD. Additionally, DC was 80.45% ± 4.27%***, where * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. All p values derive from paired t-tests comparing iterative closest registration with the proposed method. In conclusion, the authors developed a cascaded regression framework for 3D cardiac CT segmentation.

ACS Style

Jang Pyo Bae; Malinda Vania; Siyeop Yoon; Sojeong Cheon; Chang Hwan Yoon; Deukhee Lee. Cascaded Regression-Based Segmentation of Cardiac CT under Probabilistic Correspondences. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 4947 .

AMA Style

Jang Pyo Bae, Malinda Vania, Siyeop Yoon, Sojeong Cheon, Chang Hwan Yoon, Deukhee Lee. Cascaded Regression-Based Segmentation of Cardiac CT under Probabilistic Correspondences. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (14):4947.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jang Pyo Bae; Malinda Vania; Siyeop Yoon; Sojeong Cheon; Chang Hwan Yoon; Deukhee Lee. 2020. "Cascaded Regression-Based Segmentation of Cardiac CT under Probabilistic Correspondences." Applied Sciences 10, no. 14: 4947.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2020 in Micromachines
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Augmented reality (AR) surgical navigation systems have attracted considerable attention as they assist medical professionals in visualizing the location of ailments within the human body that are not readily seen with the naked eye. Taking medical imaging with a parallel C-shaped arm (C-arm) as an example, surgical sites are typically targeted using an optical tracking device and a fiducial marker in real-time. These markers then guide operators who are using a multifunctional endoscope apparatus by signaling the direction or distance needed to reach the affected parts of the body. In this way, fiducial markers are used to accurately protect the vessels and nerves exposed during the surgical process. Although these systems have already shown potential for precision implantation, delamination of the fiducial marker, which is a critical component of the system, from human skin remains a challenge due to a mechanical mismatch between the marker and skin, causing registration problems that lead to poor position alignments and surgical degradation. To overcome this challenge, the mechanical modulus and stiffness of the marker patch should be lowered to approximately 150 kPa, which is comparable to that of the epidermis, while improving functionality. Herein, we present a skin-conformal, stretchable yet breathable fiducial marker for the application in AR-based surgical navigation systems. By adopting pore patterns, we were able to create a fiducial marker with a skin-like low modulus and breathability. When attached to the skin, the fiducial marker was easily identified using optical recognition equipment and showed skin-conformal adhesion when stretched and shrunk repeatedly. As such, we believe the marker would be a good fiducial marker candidate for patients under surgical navigation systems.

ACS Style

Sangkyu Lee; Duhwan Seong; Jiyong Yoon; Sungjun Lee; Hyoung Won Baac; Deukhee Lee; Donghee Son; Lee. A Skin-Conformal, Stretchable, and Breathable Fiducial Marker Patch for Surgical Navigation Systems. Micromachines 2020, 11, 194 .

AMA Style

Sangkyu Lee, Duhwan Seong, Jiyong Yoon, Sungjun Lee, Hyoung Won Baac, Deukhee Lee, Donghee Son, Lee. A Skin-Conformal, Stretchable, and Breathable Fiducial Marker Patch for Surgical Navigation Systems. Micromachines. 2020; 11 (2):194.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sangkyu Lee; Duhwan Seong; Jiyong Yoon; Sungjun Lee; Hyoung Won Baac; Deukhee Lee; Donghee Son; Lee. 2020. "A Skin-Conformal, Stretchable, and Breathable Fiducial Marker Patch for Surgical Navigation Systems." Micromachines 11, no. 2: 194.

Article
Published: 19 August 2019 in International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems
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As a promising method for robotic catheter therapeutics, a controllable wireless microrobot system with a less invasive intraoperative procedure has been presented for thrombosis surgery. The controllable wireless microrobot utilizes an electromagnetic actuator system for microrobot actuation and biplane X-ray system for microrobot imaging. We propose the new 3D tracking method of microrobot for this system. As a learning-based system, cascade classifier was adapted for real-time microrobot tracking. Combination of cascade classifier and contour-based system made accurate microrobot detection method on 2D projected X-ray images. Kalman filter interpolated lost frames, and triangulation method reconstructed 3D pose (position and orientation) from 4 endpoints of microrobot pairs. Also, the semi-automatic calibration method for bi-plane C-arm devices was proposed by using modified shortest path algorithm. To find the optimal rescaling setting, 3D tracking accuracy was investigated according to the rescaling of original intensity values. The experiment results showed a good performance with tracking errors of 2.37±9.91mm in position and 6.53±13.80° in orientation under 2200 optimal width of rescaling. If tracking evaluation is constrained under frames detected by cascade classifier, 3D tracking errors improved sincerely by 0.28±1.13mm in position and 3.48±2.89° in orientation. The optimal width of the rescaling setting needed bigger value than the mean of intensity values. The proposed tracking technique accomplished a fast frame rate of 34.72 frames/sec under OpenCL implementation of OpenCV. Learning based system is robust to the change of graphics setting since training can adapt rapidly to this change. Also, proposed framework can cooperate with the change of microrobot shape if a contour-based method is optimized. Hence, the method can be used for therapeutic millimeter- or micron-sized manipulator recognition in vascular, as well as implanted objects in the human body.

ACS Style

Jang Pyo Bae; Siyeop Yoon; Malinda Vania; Deukhee Lee. Three Dimensional Microrobot Tracking Using Learning-based System. International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems 2019, 18, 21 -28.

AMA Style

Jang Pyo Bae, Siyeop Yoon, Malinda Vania, Deukhee Lee. Three Dimensional Microrobot Tracking Using Learning-based System. International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems. 2019; 18 (1):21-28.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jang Pyo Bae; Siyeop Yoon; Malinda Vania; Deukhee Lee. 2019. "Three Dimensional Microrobot Tracking Using Learning-based System." International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems 18, no. 1: 21-28.

Conference paper
Published: 14 February 2019 in Computer Vision
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ACS Style

Siyeop Yoon; Stephen Baek; Deukhee Lee. 4D Cardiac Motion Modeling Using Pair-Wise Mesh Registration. Computer Vision 2019, 161 -170.

AMA Style

Siyeop Yoon, Stephen Baek, Deukhee Lee. 4D Cardiac Motion Modeling Using Pair-Wise Mesh Registration. Computer Vision. 2019; ():161-170.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Siyeop Yoon; Stephen Baek; Deukhee Lee. 2019. "4D Cardiac Motion Modeling Using Pair-Wise Mesh Registration." Computer Vision , no. : 161-170.

Journal article
Published: 13 February 2019 in Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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There has been a significant increase from 2010 to 2016 in the number of people suffering from spine problems. The automatic image segmentation of the spine obtained from a computed tomography (CT) image is important for diagnosing spine conditions and for performing surgery with computer-assisted surgery systems. The spine has a complex anatomy that consists of 33 vertebrae, 23 intervertebral disks, the spinal cord, and connecting ribs. As a result, the spinal surgeon is faced with the challenge of needing a robust algorithm to segment and create a model of the spine. In this study, we developed a fully automatic segmentation method to segment the spine from CT images, and we compared our segmentation results with reference segmentations obtained by well-known methods. We use a hybrid method. This method combines the convolutional neural network (CNN) and fully convolutional network (FCN), and utilizes class redundancy as a soft constraint to greatly improve the segmentation results. The proposed method was found to significantly enhance the accuracy of the segmentation results and the system processing time. Our comparison was based on 12 measurements: the Dice coefficient (94%), Jaccard index (93%), volumetric similarity (96%), sensitivity (97%), specificity (99%), precision (over segmentation 8.3 and under segmentation 2.6), accuracy (99%), Matthews correlation coefficient (0.93), mean surface distance (0.16 mm), Hausdorff distance (7.4 mm), and global consistency error (0.02). We experimented with CT images from 32 patients, and the experimental results demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed method. Highlights A method to enhance the accuracy of spine segmentation from CT data was proposed. The proposed method uses Convolutional Neural Network via redundant generation of class labels. Experiments show the segmentation accuracy has been enhanced.

ACS Style

Malinda Vania; Dawit Mureja; Deukhee Lee. Automatic spine segmentation from CT images using Convolutional Neural Network via redundant generation of class labels. Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 2019, 6, 224 -232.

AMA Style

Malinda Vania, Dawit Mureja, Deukhee Lee. Automatic spine segmentation from CT images using Convolutional Neural Network via redundant generation of class labels. Journal of Computational Design and Engineering. 2019; 6 (2):224-232.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Malinda Vania; Dawit Mureja; Deukhee Lee. 2019. "Automatic spine segmentation from CT images using Convolutional Neural Network via redundant generation of class labels." Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 6, no. 2: 224-232.

Conference paper
Published: 01 June 2017 in 2017 14th International Conference on Ubiquitous Robots and Ambient Intelligence (URAI)
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The registration of preoperative 3D to intraoperative 2D images plays a crucial role in percutaneous coronary intervention. This technique reduces uncertainty regarding vessel topology and depth information in 2D intraoperative images. The aim of 2D/3D image registration is to determine the most appropriate image alignment. However, 2D/3D registration of heart images is challenging, due to differences in dimensionality and non-rigid motion, among others. In this paper, we propose a bifurcation-based biplane non-rigid 2D/3D registration method for coronary arteries. Experiments were performed in a virtual environment, and the results of the registration show an average distance with a ground truth of 0.57 mm.

ACS Style

Siyeop Yoon; Jinwon Son; Youngjun Kim; Sehyung Park; Deukhee Lee. A study for non-rigid 2x2D-3D registration of coronary artery images using bifurcation points matching with bi-plane X-ray fluoroscopy. 2017 14th International Conference on Ubiquitous Robots and Ambient Intelligence (URAI) 2017, 583 -584.

AMA Style

Siyeop Yoon, Jinwon Son, Youngjun Kim, Sehyung Park, Deukhee Lee. A study for non-rigid 2x2D-3D registration of coronary artery images using bifurcation points matching with bi-plane X-ray fluoroscopy. 2017 14th International Conference on Ubiquitous Robots and Ambient Intelligence (URAI). 2017; ():583-584.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Siyeop Yoon; Jinwon Son; Youngjun Kim; Sehyung Park; Deukhee Lee. 2017. "A study for non-rigid 2x2D-3D registration of coronary artery images using bifurcation points matching with bi-plane X-ray fluoroscopy." 2017 14th International Conference on Ubiquitous Robots and Ambient Intelligence (URAI) , no. : 583-584.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2017 in Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
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We propose an automatic segmentation method of supraspinatus from MRI.This method uses a region-based segmentation and a new shape fitting technique.It can automatically and accurately extract reasonable shape.This method provides the regular 3D surface of supraspinatus. Background and objectivesWith significant increase in the number of people suffering from shoulder problems, the automatic image segmentation of the supraspinatus (one of the shoulder muscles) has become necessary for efficient and deliberate diagnosis and surgery. In this study, we developed an automatic segmentation method to extract the three-dimensional (3D) configuration of the supraspinatus, and we compared our segmentation results with reference segmentations obtained by experts. MethodsWe developed a two-stage active contour segmentation method using the level sets approach to automatically extract the supraspinatus configuration. In the first stage, a trial segmentation based on intensity and an internal shape fitting technique were performed. In the second stage, the undesired image portions of the trial segmentation were automatically identified by comparing the trial segmentation with the fitted shape, and then corrected by forcing the contour to stop evolution in the over-segmented region and pass through undesired edges in the under-segmented region. ResultsThe proposed method was found to provide highly accurate results when compared with the reference segmentations. This comparison was made on the basis of four measurements: accuracy (0.9950.001), Dice similarity coefficients (0.9510.011), average distance (0.4400.086mm), and maximal distance (3.0450.433mm). The proposed method could generate regular surfaces of the 3D supraspinatus. ConclusionsThe proposed automatic segmentation method provides a patient-specific tool to accurately extract the 3D configuration of the supraspinatus.

ACS Style

SunHee Kim; Deukhee Lee; Sehyung Park; Kyung-Soo Oh; Seok Won Chung; Youngjun Kim. Automatic segmentation of supraspinatus from MRI by internal shape fitting and autocorrection. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 2017, 140, 165 -174.

AMA Style

SunHee Kim, Deukhee Lee, Sehyung Park, Kyung-Soo Oh, Seok Won Chung, Youngjun Kim. Automatic segmentation of supraspinatus from MRI by internal shape fitting and autocorrection. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 2017; 140 ():165-174.

Chicago/Turabian Style

SunHee Kim; Deukhee Lee; Sehyung Park; Kyung-Soo Oh; Seok Won Chung; Youngjun Kim. 2017. "Automatic segmentation of supraspinatus from MRI by internal shape fitting and autocorrection." Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 140, no. : 165-174.

Journal article
Published: 10 February 2017 in The Knee
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BackgroundRecently, surgical navigation systems have been widely used to improve the results of various orthopaedic surgeries. However, surgical navigation has not been successful in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, owing to its inaccuracy and inconvenience. This study investigated the registration of preoperative and intraoperative data, which are the key components in improving accuracy of the navigation system.MethodsAn accurate registration method was proposed using new optical tracking markers and landmark retake. A surgical planning and navigation system for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction was developed and implemented. The accuracy of the proposed system has been evaluated using phantoms and eight cadaveric knees. The present study investigated only the registration accuracy excluding the errors of optical tracking hardware and surgeon.ResultsThe target registration errors of femoral tunnelling for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in phantoms were found to be 0.24 ± 0.03 mm and 0.19 ± 0.10° for the tunnel entry position and tunnel direction, respectively. The target registration errors measured using cadavers were 0.9 mm and 1.94°, respectively.ConclusionsThe preclinical experimental results showed that the proposed methods enhanced the registration accuracy of the developed system. As the system becomes more accurate, surgeons could more precisely position and orient the femoral and tibial tunnels to their original anatomical locations.

ACS Style

Youngjun Kim; Byung Hoon Lee; Kinde Mekuria; Hyunchul Cho; Sehyung Park; Joon Ho Wang; Deukhee Lee. Registration accuracy enhancement of a surgical navigation system for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A phantom and cadaveric study. The Knee 2017, 24, 329 -339.

AMA Style

Youngjun Kim, Byung Hoon Lee, Kinde Mekuria, Hyunchul Cho, Sehyung Park, Joon Ho Wang, Deukhee Lee. Registration accuracy enhancement of a surgical navigation system for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A phantom and cadaveric study. The Knee. 2017; 24 (2):329-339.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Youngjun Kim; Byung Hoon Lee; Kinde Mekuria; Hyunchul Cho; Sehyung Park; Joon Ho Wang; Deukhee Lee. 2017. "Registration accuracy enhancement of a surgical navigation system for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A phantom and cadaveric study." The Knee 24, no. 2: 329-339.

Journal article
Published: 07 February 2017 in Sensors
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Venipuncture is an important health diagnosis process. Although venipuncture is one of the most commonly performed procedures in medical environments, locating the veins of infants, obese, anemic, or colored patients is still an arduous task even for skilled practitioners. To solve this problem, several devices using infrared light have recently become commercially available. However, such devices for venipuncture share a common drawback, especially when visualizing deep veins or veins of a thick part of the body like the cubital fossa. This paper proposes a new vein-visualizing device applying a new penetration method using near-infrared (NIR) light. The light module is attached directly on to the declared area of the skin. Then, NIR beam is rayed from two sides of the light module to the vein with a specific angle. This gives a penetration effect. In addition, through an image processing procedure, the vein structure is enhanced to show it more accurately. Through a phantom study, the most effective penetration angle of the NIR module is decided. Additionally, the feasibility of the device is verified through experiments in vivo. The prototype allows us to visualize the vein patterns of thicker body parts, such as arms.

ACS Style

Donghoon Kim; Yujin Kim; Siyeop Yoon; Deukhee Lee. Preliminary Study for Designing a Novel Vein-Visualizing Device. Sensors 2017, 17, 304 .

AMA Style

Donghoon Kim, Yujin Kim, Siyeop Yoon, Deukhee Lee. Preliminary Study for Designing a Novel Vein-Visualizing Device. Sensors. 2017; 17 (2):304.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Donghoon Kim; Yujin Kim; Siyeop Yoon; Deukhee Lee. 2017. "Preliminary Study for Designing a Novel Vein-Visualizing Device." Sensors 17, no. 2: 304.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing
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ACS Style

Siyeop Yoon; Sangkyun Shin; Hyunchul Cho; Youngjun Kim; Laehyun Kim; Deukhee Lee; Gunwoo Noh. Enhanced markerless surgical robotic guidance system for keyhole neurosurgery. Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing 2017, 11, JAMDSM0046 -JAMDSM0046.

AMA Style

Siyeop Yoon, Sangkyun Shin, Hyunchul Cho, Youngjun Kim, Laehyun Kim, Deukhee Lee, Gunwoo Noh. Enhanced markerless surgical robotic guidance system for keyhole neurosurgery. Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing. 2017; 11 (4):JAMDSM0046-JAMDSM0046.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Siyeop Yoon; Sangkyun Shin; Hyunchul Cho; Youngjun Kim; Laehyun Kim; Deukhee Lee; Gunwoo Noh. 2017. "Enhanced markerless surgical robotic guidance system for keyhole neurosurgery." Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing 11, no. 4: JAMDSM0046-JAMDSM0046.

Conference paper
Published: 01 December 2016 in 2016 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
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Design optimization and fabrication of concentric tube robots are time consuming because of the complexity of their workspaces and the characteristics of the superelastic materials used to make them. This paper presents a procedure for the expeditious design and fabrication of a concentric tube robot for applications that require rapid tube preparation but have less complex design constraints. This procedure reduces a 3D workspace optimization problem to a 2D problem. The continuum robot includes a heat-shrink tube to reduce fabrication time and to give it a small radius of curvature. Experimental results illustrate the feasibility of the proposed procedure.

ACS Style

Gunwoo Noh; Siyeop Yoon; Sung Yoon; Keri Kim; Woosub Lee; Sungchul Kang; Deukhee Lee. Expeditious design optimization of a concentric tube robot with a heat-shrink plastic tube. 2016 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) 2016, 3671 -3676.

AMA Style

Gunwoo Noh, Siyeop Yoon, Sung Yoon, Keri Kim, Woosub Lee, Sungchul Kang, Deukhee Lee. Expeditious design optimization of a concentric tube robot with a heat-shrink plastic tube. 2016 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). 2016; ():3671-3676.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gunwoo Noh; Siyeop Yoon; Sung Yoon; Keri Kim; Woosub Lee; Sungchul Kang; Deukhee Lee. 2016. "Expeditious design optimization of a concentric tube robot with a heat-shrink plastic tube." 2016 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) , no. : 3671-3676.

Conference paper
Published: 01 August 2015 in 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)
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Conventional intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) surgery uses a stereotactic frame to access an intracerebral hematoma. Using a stereotactic frame for ICH surgery requires a long preparation time. In order to resolve this problem, we propose a markerless surgical robotic system. This system uses weighted iterative closest point technology for surface registration, hand-eye calibration for needle insertion, and 3D surface scanning for registration. We need calibration to integrate the technologies: calibration of robot and needle coordinates and calibration of 3D surface scanning and needle coordinates. These calibrations are essential elements of the markerless surgical robotic system. This system has the advantages of being non-invasive, a short total operation time, and low radiation exposure compared to conventional ICH surgery.

ACS Style

Sangkyun Shin; Hyunchul Cho; Siyeop Yoon; Kyusic Park; Youngjun Kim; Sehyung Park; Laehyun Kim; Deukhee Lee. Markerless surgical robotic system for intracerebral hemorrhage surgery. 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) 2015, 2015, 5272 -5.

AMA Style

Sangkyun Shin, Hyunchul Cho, Siyeop Yoon, Kyusic Park, Youngjun Kim, Sehyung Park, Laehyun Kim, Deukhee Lee. Markerless surgical robotic system for intracerebral hemorrhage surgery. 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). 2015; 2015 ():5272-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sangkyun Shin; Hyunchul Cho; Siyeop Yoon; Kyusic Park; Youngjun Kim; Sehyung Park; Laehyun Kim; Deukhee Lee. 2015. "Markerless surgical robotic system for intracerebral hemorrhage surgery." 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) 2015, no. : 5272-5.

Journal article
Published: 17 May 2014 in The Visual Computer
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Virtual simulation of laparoscopic surgery is getting attention for training novice surgeons and medical residents for practice. Virtual surgical simulation has many advantages because it can provide users with a safe environment without animal or patient subjects. Although several solutions are available in the market, there are no reported studies with detailed technical descriptions of the virtual simulation of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal surgery), one of the major surgeries performed using laparoscopic surgical procedures. Here, we present a realistic laparoscopic cholecystectomy training simulator. The system was developed by applying state-of-the-art computer graphical technologies using an open source library and proposing a new method of deformable mesh carving. The deformable mesh carving is a volume-based method using potential fields and hexahedral finite element method. In this paper, we describe the detailed techniques used to realize the laparoscopic cholecystectomy simulation. The experimental and user study results prove that the presented system simulates the cholecystectomy procedures in real time with high degree of realism and fidelity.

ACS Style

Youngjun Kim; Laehyun Kim; Deukhee Lee; Sangkyun Shin; Hyunchul Cho; Frédérick Roy; Sehyung Park. Deformable mesh simulation for virtual laparoscopic cholecystectomy training. The Visual Computer 2014, 31, 485 -495.

AMA Style

Youngjun Kim, Laehyun Kim, Deukhee Lee, Sangkyun Shin, Hyunchul Cho, Frédérick Roy, Sehyung Park. Deformable mesh simulation for virtual laparoscopic cholecystectomy training. The Visual Computer. 2014; 31 (4):485-495.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Youngjun Kim; Laehyun Kim; Deukhee Lee; Sangkyun Shin; Hyunchul Cho; Frédérick Roy; Sehyung Park. 2014. "Deformable mesh simulation for virtual laparoscopic cholecystectomy training." The Visual Computer 31, no. 4: 485-495.