Background: Women entrepreneurs, especially those from the rural areas, often struggle to develop balance between business decisions and their well-being. Objective: To examine the relationship between rural women entrepreneurs’ competence and their quality of life. Methods: A questionnaire survey measuring life competencies and the quality of life was carried out on a group of 152 women entrepreneurs from rural Perak using the purposive sampling technique. The main research method was quantitative using survey design. The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis using frequency, mean, standard deviation and correlation coefficient were used to assess the relationship between entrepreneurial competence and quality of life. Results: Findings showed that rural women entrepreneurs have a higher level of life competencies and achieved a good quality of life. There is a strong relationship between their life competencies and quality of life and similarly, between rural women entrepreneurs’ entrepreneurial skills and spiritual skills and their quality of life. Implication: The applicability of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Spencer and Spencer’s theory is highly proven by the evidence of a relationship between life competencies and rural women entrepreneur’s quality of life. These findings have implications for enhancing the efficiency of rural women entrepreneurs through the implementation of competency development programs.

Revolusi teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi (ICT) telah mencetuskan kemunculan ekonomi digital di seluruh dunia. Bagi generasi muda, adalah penting untuk melihat keusahawanan digital sebagai pilihan kerjaya. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan tahap personaliti Big Six (kestabilan emosi, kesungguhan, kesepakatan, ekstraversi, keterbukaan dan hubungan interpersonal) dan tahap kecenderungan keusahawanan digital dalam kalangan 264 pelajar Kolej Komuniti di Negeri Sembilan, serta hubungan antara kedua-duanya. Soal selidik telah digunakan sebagai instrumen, dan data telah dianalisis secara deskriptif dan interpretif. Dapatan menunjukkan kedua-dua tahap personaliti Big Six dan kecenderungan keusahawanan digital dalam kalangan pelajar Kolej Komuniti adalah berada pada tahap sederhana tinggi. Dapatan juga menunjukkan bahawa wujud hubungan positif signifikan dengan kekuatan sederhana antara personaliti dengan kecenderungan keusahawanan digital. Implikasinya, pihak kolej komuniti perlu membina kursus keusahawanan yang selari dengan keupayaan pelajar serta berdasarkan ciri-ciri personaliti pelajar supaya berjaya mencapai sasaran kursus. Pihak kolej komuniti juga boleh membuat saringan awal bagi memilih pelajar yang berminat untuk meneruskan aktiviti perniagaan dan inovasi keusahawanan. Oleh itu, pihak institusi memainkan peranan penting dalam memberikan pendedahan kepada pelajar dan memupuk minat keusahawanan. Kata kunci: Kecenderungan keusahawanan, keusahawanan digital, personaliti Big Six, pelajar kolej komuniti
The revolution in information and communications technology (ICT) has sparked the emergence of a digital economy worldwide. For the younger generation, it is important to see digital entrepreneurship as a career choice. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of the Big Six personality (emotional stability, conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, openness and interpersonal relationship) and the level of digital entrepreneurship among 264 Community College students in Negeri Sembilan, as well as the relationship between the two constructs. Questionnaire was used as an instrument, and the data were analyzed descriptively and interpretively. Findings show that both the Big Six personality and the digital entrepreneurship tendency among Community College students are at a moderate level. The findings also show that there is a significant positive relationship with the modest strength of personality and the tendency of digital entrepreneurship. This implicates that community colleges need to build entrepreneurial courses that are in line with students' abilities and based on student personality traits in order to achieve the course objectives. Community colleges can also pre-screen for students interested in pursuing business activities and entrepreneurial innovation. As such, institutions play an important role in giving students exposure and fostering entrepreneurial interest. Keywords: entrepreneurship tendency, digital entrepreneurship, Big Six personality, community college student

Social entrepreneurship has emerged as a vital force for addressing societal challenges through innovative and sustainable solutions. As global concerns around inequality, poverty, and environmental degradation intensify, understanding what drives college students to engage in social entrepreneurial activities has become increasingly important. Despite growing interest, limited research has explored the combined psychological and educational factors influencing social entrepreneurial intentions (SEIs) among college students in specific cultural contexts, such as Zhejiang Province, China. The current study addresses this gap by examining the role of entrepreneurial personality (EP), self-efficacy (SE), ability, and education in shaping students’ SEIs. A quantitative research design was adopted, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to 430 college students. A purposive sampling technique was employed to target students with prior exposure to entrepreneurship education or activities, ensuring relevance and focus. Measurement scales were adapted from established studies. The analysis was conducted using SmartPLS 4.0, applying Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess both the measurement and structural models. The results revealed that all four independent variables had a significant and positive influence on SEIs. The findings validate the proposed conceptual framework and emphasize the combined importance of internal traits and external learning experiences in fostering students’ intent to pursue socially driven entrepreneurial paths. This study extends the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by integrating educational and psychological dimensions in the context of social entrepreneurship, offering practical guidance for educators and policymakers seeking to cultivate socially responsible entrepreneurial mindsets among college students.

HRMARS is well established journal publisher based in Pakistan. It is publishing prominent journals in social sciences since 2011.