Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)‐related disease (IgG4‐RD) is a multi‐organ immune‐mediated fibroinflammatory disorder that may imitate malignancy, infectious or any other inflammatory disorder. IgG4‐related retroperitoneal fibrosis (IgG4‐RPF) is a rare form of IgG4‐RD, diagnosis of which is often relied on radiological technology. Herein, we describe a case of 60 year old male, presenting with low back pain and weight loss for a period of 2 months and 15 days. Imaging studies showed a retroperitoneal tumorous mass along with bilateral hydroureteronephrosis, which was later confirmed to be IgG4‐related retroperitoneal fibrosis on the basis of extensive histopathological analysis. Immunosuppressive therapy resulted in a decrease in fibrosis and restoration of renal function.

• The 3rd South Asian Melioidosis Congress- 2023 held in Bangladesh in October 2023 was conducted with the primary aim to raise awareness on melioidosis. • Following the congress, 9 melioidosis cases were reported to Ibrahim Medical College from different clinical settings of the country, with different clinical manifestations. • This indicates the constant vigilance of the clinicians and microbiologists alike regarding high risk patients.

: Melioidosis is an emerging tropical infectious disease with a rising global burden caused by the environmental bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. It is endemic in Southeast and South Asia, including Bangladesh. A rare aminoglycoside-susceptible B. pseudomallei isolate (Y2019) has recently been reported from a melioidosis patient in Dhaka, Bangladesh. To understand the geographical origins of Y2019, we subjected it and 10 other isolates from Bangladesh to whole-genome sequencing. In a phylogenetic tree with a global set of B. pseudomallei genomes, most Bangladeshi genomes clustered tightly within the Asian clade. In contrast, Y2019 was closely related to ST881 isolates from Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo, a gentamicin-sensitive sequence type, suggesting infection in Borneo. Y2019 also contained the same gentamicin sensitivity conferring nonsynonymous mutation in the drug efflux pump encoding the amrB gene. In the absence of a full travel history, whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics tools have revealed the likely origin of this rare isolate.

Melioidosis, a neglected infection in Bangladesh, is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei and carries high mortality, if not diagnosed or treated timely. Individuals with transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia major make a person especially vulnerable to Burkholderia pseudomallei infection owing to iron overload and immune dysfunction. Here, we report a fatal case of septicemic melioidosis in a 24-year-old man with Hb E β-thalassemia major who presented with fever, dyspnea, a cervical abscess, and septicemia. This case highlights the threat of melioidosis in thalassemia patients and emphasizes the importance of timely recognition and targeted therapy in endemic settings. July 2025; Vol. 19(2):008, DOI: https://doi.org/10.55010/imcjms.19.017 *Correspondence: Saika Farook, Department of Microbiology, Ibrahim Medical College, 1/A Ibrahim Sarani, Segunbagicha, Dhaka, Bangladesh. E-mail: sairana15@yahoo.com. © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License(CC BY 4.0).

• A LAMP-based assay, using a set of newly designed primers was developed for the detection of B. pseudomallei. • The in-house LAMP takes about 60 min for completion of reaction. • This molecular technique was found to be able to detect 0.78 pg of B. pseudomallei DNA. • LAMP was able to detect the organism directly from body fluid, such as urine and pus, without prior nucleic acid extraction. • Due to the simplicity, swiftness and easy detection methods of LAMP, it can be employed as a diagnostic tool at field level with limited resource settings for the detection of B. pseudomallei.

Background: It is essential to monitor causative agents of infections and antimicrobial resistance patterns to inform treatment and policy at the local level. In this study, we investigated the microbiological profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern records in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was performed in a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. The study utilized a retrospective descriptive research approach conducted between January 2018 and February 2021 in which culture results of blood, stool, urine, body fluid, genital, respiratory and soft tissue specimens were retrieved and analyzed. Results: A total of 26,825 samples were ana-lyzed; of which 3,779 records for microbial growth from clinical specimens were identi-fied, yielding a 14.09% isolation rate. Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella sp., Staphylo-coccus aureus, Pseudomonas sp., coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Salmonella Typhi and Enterococcus sp. were the most frequently isolated organisms among all specimens. E. coli, the most common causative organism of urinary tract infection (UTI) and genital infection, showed high resistance to co-trimoxazole (48%), ciprofloxacin (79%), and cephalosporins (63-65%) while the resistance rate to nitrofurantoin (7%), mecillinam (16%), aminoglycosides (7-18%), meropenem (8%) and colistin (0%) was low. In bloodstream infection, the most common microorganism found was S. Typhi. High sensitivity towards amoxicillin (100%), chloramphenicol (78%), co-trimoxazole (76%), cefixime (100%) and ceftriaxone (100%) were seen in S. typhi whereas almost all isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid (97%) and ciprofloxacin (96%). S. aureus, the predominant cause of soft tissue infection, was highly sensitive to co-trimoxazole (70%), doxycycline (86%), and linezolid (97%). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 54%. The most common cause of respiratory infection was Klebsiella sp. The rate of resistance of Klebsiella sp. to third and fourth generation cephalosporins was approximately 65% and to ciprofloxacin and meropenem was 74% and 42% respectively. Pseudomonas sp., found commonly in urine, soft tissue, body fluids, and respiratory infections, were susceptible to ceftazidime, piperacillin/tazobactam and ciprofloxacin with resistance rate of 27%, 18% and 34% re-spectively. High resistance to meropenem was recorded for Pseudomonas sp. (30%) and Acinetobacter sp. (64%). Acinetobacter sp. showed low sensitivity (< 45%) to all of the tested antibiotics except colistin and tigecycline. Conclusion: This study highlights the high potential for infections associated with resistant microorganisms in the tertiary care hospital where samples for this study were collected. It is therefore recommended that judicious treatment following drug-susceptibility testing of isolates, regular surveillance programs, and strict infection control measures be put into place to address this increasing drug resistance problem.