Firstly, in this study, we utilize the high-order element model (truss link model) simulation method in OpenSees (3.7.0) software and verify the feasibility of this method by comparing it with the shaking table test. Secondly, the structural dynamic response of adjacent structures with different performance levels, spacing, and layout forms under large earthquakes is analyzed, and the corresponding structural failure probability is studied. Furthermore, the life distribution within the design service life of the structure is predicted according to the nonparametric Kaplan–Meier estimation model. Finally, the reliability of adjacent structures is evaluated by using the joint engineering demand parameters. The analysis method of replacing the theoretical analysis based on engineering experience and certainty in the current specification with probability analysis is proposed, which provides a more reliable theoretical basis for decision-making regarding the reinforcement, maintenance, or demolition of structures in the later stage.

The anti-floating punching failure of basement slabs subjected to groundwater uplift remains insufficiently understood due to the complex stress state and lack of applicable design guidance. This study investigates the punching behavior of a damaged basement slab in Shenzhen, China, using a three-dimensional finite element model developed in LS-DYNA with the Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) model. The model was validated against field observations and experimental data, with a prediction error of less than 8%. The results show that anti-floating punching failure evolves from crack initiation in the anchorage zone to damage propagation and final penetration. Increasing the slab thickness from 400 mm to 600 mm significantly alleviated tensile damage concentration and improved stress redistribution. Increasing the concrete compressive strength from 20 MPa to 60 MPa enhanced punching resistance and delayed crack development, but promoted localized brittle failure. Enlarging the foundation pad from CT-6 to CT-9 effectively reduced stress concentration and improved the overall anti-punching performance, whereas the influence of column size was limited. A comparative assessment of three reinforcement measures further revealed their respective applicability under different engineering conditions. The study clarifies the anti-floating punching mechanism of basement slabs and provides a theoretical basis for the anti-floating design and reinforcement optimization of underground structures.

RCES composite structures, which combine the advantages of high bearing- and good anti-seismic capacity of ordinary steel reinforced concrete (SRC) with the characteristics of energy-saving and environmental protection of recycled concrete, are beneficial to promote the use of recycled concrete. However, the bond–slip behavior and load transfer mechanism are essential issues of RCES composite structures. This paper primarily focused on the load transfer mechanism and bond–slip behavior of RCES composite structures subjected to cyclic loading. A total of 14 specimens, which were designed with different replacement ratios of recycled concrete, cover thicknesses of H-shaped steel, transverse reinforcement ratios, and recycled concrete strengths, were tested to investigate the load transfer mechanism and interface damage. The results indicate that the whole loading procedure can be divided into four phases and four limit points. The bonding shear damage of a specimen develops rapidly, and most damage happened during 0~0.2 mm slip. The bonding stress values of chemical bonding stress τ_ca, friction resistance stress τ_f, and mechanical biting stress τ_m were calculated. Moreover, in order to reflect the influence of cyclic loading, a degradation factor ξ was proposed. The mean values of chemical bonding stress τ_ca: friction resistance stress τ_f: mechanical biting stress τ_m are 1:0.187:0.696, in which the chemical bonding stress is the largest, friction resistance stress is the second, and the mechanical biting stress is the least.

Explosion is the act of generating huge energy in an instant and spreading rapidly around it. Due to the suddenness, fast propagation speed and high peak load of explosions, compared with other natural disasters, the damage it brings to humans is more significant and difficult to prevent. Among them, the explosion of acetylene-air mixture is the most typical explosion problem. This paper uses SAP2000 finite element software to perform a fine simulation of actual explosion events, studies the effect of the explosion of acetylene-air mixture on the frame structure column, and discusses the displacement and acceleration changes of various components. Research shows that the use of the principle of linear assumption of explosive load can effectively simulate the actual explosion situation. The structural damage and deformation caused by the explosive load have locality and weak transmission. When the peak of the explosion load is larger, the structure deformation is greater, and the impact of the explosion load on the structure is isotropic.