Present dynamic performance reputation and technical innovations in Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have endowed ultra-inexpensive, energy efficient, smart, and tiny IoT gadgets. IoT gadgets can be easily implanted inside, attached to, or placed around the chronic patient body, to be employed in several healthcare monitoring systems such as mobile, wearable, and implantable healthcare monitoring for chronic diseases. Healthcare monitoring for chronic diseases is one of the major applications of IoT, and also a typical challenging area. The rapidly rising proportion of patients with chronic diseases brought great pressure on governments, and healthcare providers, and required up-to-date long-term healthcare service and continuous monitoring. In this survey paper, we provide an extensive review of numerous industrial and non-commercial contemporary healthcare monitoring systems (HMS) and applications. We present a design layout of IoT-based HMS for chronic diseases. We presented societal and technological challenges associated with the design of IoT-based HMS and their solutions. To accomplish this, more than 80 different healthcare monitoring systems have been characterized and classified. Moreover, we describe contemporary healthcare monitoring networks and communication technologies. This review also presents the dynamic capabilities of key IoT technologies for chronic diseases healthcare monitoring, to show dedicated research pathways to IoT researchers. Last, we deeply analyze different healthcare monitoring systems and also, describe open issues that will help researchers and healthcare system designers in designing future systems.

Cyber threats are increasingly frequent in today’s world, posing challenges for organizations and individuals to protect their data from cybercriminals. On the other hand, Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) technology offers an efficient way to automatically address these issues with the help of AI models and algorithms. It can work on more critical security aspects where human intervention is required and handle everyday threat situations autonomously. This research paper explores GAI in enhancing cybersecurity by leveraging AI Models and algorithms. GAI can autonomously address common security issues, detect novel threats, and augment human intervention in critical security aspects. Moreover, this research study also highlights autonomous security enhancements, improved security posture against emerging threats, anomaly detection, and threat response. Besides this, we have discussed the GAI limitations, such as occasional incorrect results, expensive training, and the potential for misuse by malicious actors for illegal activities. This research study also provides valuable insights into the balanced adoption of GAI in cybersecurity, ensuring effective threat migration without compromising system integrity.

Handwritten character recognition falls under the domain of image classification, which has been under research for years. But still, specific gaps need to be highlighted as offline handwritten character recognition (OHCR) with the limitation of the unstructured hierarchy of character classification. However, the idea is to make the machine recognize handwritten human characters. The language focused on in this research paper is English, using offline handwritten character recognition for identifying English characters. There are many publicly available datasets, of which EMNIST is the most challenging. The key idea of this research paper is to recommend a deep learning-based ELBP-CNN method to help recognize English characters. This research paper proposes a deep learning CovNet with feature extraction and novel local binary pattern-based approaches, LBP (AND, OR), that is tested and compared with renowned pre-trained models using transfer learning. These parametric settings address multiple issues and are finalized after experimentation. The same hyperparametric settings were used for all the models under test and E-Character, with the same data augmentation settings. The proposed model, named the E-Character recognizer, produced 87.31% accuracy. It was better than most of the tested pre-trained models and other proposed methods by other researchers. This research paper further highlighted some problems, like misclassification due to the similar structure of characters.

While plant diseases continue to have a severe impact on food production, farmers face a formidable challenge in trying to meet the escalating demands of a population that is expanding quickly for agricultural items like potatoes. Despite spending billions on disease management, farmers frequently struggle to effectively control disease without the aid of cutting-edge technology. The paper examines a disease diagnosis method based on deep learning. To be more precise, it uses a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method for the disease's detection and classification. This study examines the impact of data augmentation while conducting an extensive performance evaluation of the hyper-parameter in the setting of detecting plant diseases with a focus on potatoes. The experimental findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested model's 98% accuracy. Considering growing global issues, this research aims to open new pathways for more efficient plant disease management and, eventually, increase agricultural output.

The development of advanced Intelligent Transportation Systems has been made possible by the rapid expansion of autonomous vehicles (AVs) and networking technology (ITS). The in-vehicle users' increased data needs from AVs put the vehicle's trajectory data in danger and make it more susceptible to security threats. In this paper, Autonomous vehicles (AVs) transform the intelligent transportation system by exchanging real-time and seamless data with other AVs and the network (ITS). Transportation that is automated has many advantages for people. However, worries about safety, security, and privacy continue to grow. The AVs need to exchange sensory data with other AVs and with their own for navigation and trajectory planning. When an unreliable sensor-equipped AV or one that is malicious enters connectivity in such circumstances, the results could be disruptive. To effectively detect anomalies and mitigate cyberattacks in AVs, this study suggests the Efficient Anomaly Detection (EAD) method. The EAD technique finds and isolates rogue AVs using the Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) algorithm, which operates over the 6G network to thwart modern cyberattacks and provide a quick and accurate anomaly detection mechanism. The expected outcomes demonstrate the value of EAD and have an accuracy rate that is 8.01% greater than that of the current systems.