The question of how to balance rapid economic growth with ecosystem pressures has become a key issue in recent years. Using the Tapio decoupling model, the spatial autocorrelation model, and the LMDI decomposition model, we analyzed the spatiotemporal variation in gross ecosystem product (GEP) in Hubei Province, studied the relationship between GEP and economic growth, and analyzed the driving factors of GEP variation. The results show that, during the period 2010–2019, the decoupling coefficient between GEP and economic growth in Hubei Province gradually decreased, while the decoupling relationship changed from weak decoupling to strong decoupling; this change is reflected not only in the decoupling index values of various cities but also in the number of changing cities, so this negative change should attract the attention of policy-makers. In addition, there is a significant local spatial autocorrelation in Hubei Province, mainly distributed in the northwest and southwest of the province, and the trend is becoming increasingly obvious. As the decoupling trend is negative, it is necessary to pay attention to local autocorrelation changes, especially in highly correlated cities, and take action to prevent the further exacerbation of such decoupling to maintain healthy economic and social development. Regarding the driving factors of GEP changes in Hubei Province, cities with strong decoupling and those with weak decoupling have certain differences, and different types of decoupling cities need to adopt different strategies to alleviate pressure on the ecological environment. Cities with a weak decoupling need to address the problem of pollutant emissions associated with industrial upgrading and the positive impact of scientific and technological innovation on the ecological environment. Cities with strong decoupling should not only address pollutant discharge but also improve the area of ecological land. From the perspective of urban development, the high-quality development trend of Wuhan, Yichang, Xiantao, Qianjiang, Xianning, and other cities shows a continuous trend of improvement. Ezhou, Jingzhou, Shennongjia, and other cities need to guard against the loss of ecosystems caused by economic growth.

This study presents a co-leaching method using organic waste to enhance dechlorination of incineration fly ash and increase its mixture amount for cement kiln co-disposal.

Upgrading primary basic oxygen furnace (BOF) off-gas treatment changes pollutant removal, utility demand, and energy recovery simultaneously. Its life cycle benefits therefore depend on the energy actually displaced and the additional inputs required to recover it. We compare wet OG cleaning (S0), dry LT cleaning (S1), and sensible-heat recovery coupled with polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) filtration (S2), using treatment of the off-gas associated with 1 t of crude steel as the functional unit (FU). A complete BOF gas (BOFG) carbon balance separates eventual carbon oxidation from energy-substitution credits. The assessment retains an 18-category midpoint framework, while distinguishing the recalculated global warming potential (GWP) from screening-level non-climate estimates. Using the documented background proxies, central GWPs are 118.376, 108.622, and 102.304 kg CO₂-eq/FU for S0, S1, and S2 at 50% useful-heat utilization (S2-SS50), respectively. The 8.24% reduction from S0 to S1 is driven by lower utility demand and greater gas recovery. S2-SS50 achieves a further reduction of 5.82% relative to S1. Its heat-utilization break-even ratio is 0.86% under central assumptions, rises to 35.96% under an adverse operating combination with central energy factors, and reaches 82.64% when the energy background is also adverse. These deterministic scenarios show that the additional climate benefit of S2 depends on useful heat demand, operating inputs, and the displaced energy supply. Non-climate screening identifies possible burden shifts but does not establish an overall environmental ranking. Quantitative endpoint comparisons are withheld because they have not been recalculated consistently with the revised carbon inventory.