Modern wireless communication systems use various technological solutions to increase the efficiency of created radio networks. This efficiency also applies to radio resources. Currently, the utilization of a radio environment map (REM) is one of the directions allowing to improve radio resource management. The REM is increasingly used in emerging mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs), in particular military tactical networks. In this case, the use of new technologies such as software-defined radio and network, cognitive radio, radio sensing, and building electromagnetic situational awareness made it possible to implement REM in tactical MANETs. Propagation attenuation maps (PAMs) are crucial REM elements that allow for determining the ranges of radio network nodes. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm for PAM based on a parabolic equation method (PEM). The PEM allows determining the signal attenuation along the assumed propagation direction. In this case, we consider terrain topography to obtain a more realistic analysis. Then, we average the adjacent attenuation profiles defined for the selected directions in places where attenuation has not been calculated. To this aim, linear regression is applied. Finally, we define several metrics that allow for the accuracy assessment of determining the PAM as a function of its dimensions.

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) providing positioning, navigation and synchronization, has become an important element of modern systems and devices that have a crucial impact on many economy branches and the life of an common person. Literature analysis and reports from recent armed conflicts show that the use of techniques for jamming and spoofing GNSS signals is becoming increasingly. This reduces the level of safety in transport and increases the risk of improper operation of GNSS-based systems, like cellular telephony or bank sector. This paper focuses on the methodology for testing the GNSS receiver robustness for jamming. For this purpose, a broadband jamming device was developed.

This article presents the results of research on compromising emanations generated by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the context of potential electromagnetic eavesdropping and the reconstruction of transmitted video data. Two commercial UAV systems were analyzed: the Autel EVO II Pro and the DJI Mavic 3. The aim of the research was to identify the electromagnetic characteristics of unintentional emissions recorded during the transmission of selected imagery and to assess their suitability for reconstructing the information processed by the UAV system. The measurements were conducted in an anechoic chamber using specialized measurement equipment from INTRIPLE. Two variants of the system configuration were considered: the first involved standard image transmission between the UAV platform and a controller equipped with a display, while the second comprised an extended configuration where an additional TV receiver was connected to the controller via an HDMI interface. The recorded signals were analyzed to extract features, enabling the identification of correlations between the electromagnetic emissions and the transmitted video content. The results indicate the presence of characteristic components of compromising emanations, with properties depending on both the UAV platform used and the configuration of the image transmission path. The analysis confirms the need for further research into UAV susceptibility to electromagnetic eavesdropping and the potential for signal reconstruction from unintentional emissions.

Radio environment maps (REMs) are used to manage radio networks, e.g., mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). In this case, network nodes typically use software-defined and cognitive radio technologies. In previous works, we proposed an algorithm for creating the propagation attenuation map (PAM) based on the parabolic equation method (PEM). PEM allows for determining the attenuation distribution along the selected terrain profile, which is taken from the digital terrain elevation data (DTED) for a specific transmitter location. PAM, as a REM element, is used to assess the radio ranges of individual MANET nodes. The developed PAM algorithm is based on terrain profiles determined radially from the transmitter position. This approach resulted in a high density of terrain profile points near the transmitter and simultaneously multiple attenuation determinations for the same terrain points. Therefore, this paper proposes modifications to the PAM algorithm based on truncated terrain profiles. This approach reduces the time for performed calculations and PAM determination.

Modern wireless communication systems use various technological solutions to increase the efficiency of created radio networks. This efficiency also applies to radio resources. To improve it, radio environment maps (REMs) are used. It is common to use the REM in modern ad-hoc mobile networks (MANETs), which are used, e.g., in the military. In this case, the use of new technologies such as software-defined radio and network, cognitive radio, sensing, and building electromagnetic situational awareness made it possible to implement REM in modern MANETs. Propagation attenuation maps are crucial REM elements that allow for determining the ranges of radio network nodes. In this case, considering the topography in propagation maps enables a more realistic analysis. For this aim, in the paper, we propose a novel algorithm of creation propagation attenuation maps based on the parabolic equation method.