Summary: Interferon-tau (IFN-τ) is a pregnancy recognition signal secreted from the trophectoderm cells of the bovine conceptus that induces the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) in immune cells. The expression of ISG in peripheral blood leukocytes has been suggested as a potential tool for early pregnancy diagnosis. IFN-τ induces an increase in abundance of several ISG in peripheral mononuclear leukocytes between 18 and 20 days after fixed-time AI. We evaluated the abundance of 2 genes (ISG15 and LGALS3BP) stimulated by the conceptus using samples collected from 4 cell types: peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), total blood leukocytes, cervical cells, and total milk leukocytes, and we compared these four methods as pregnancy predictors on day 20 after timed AI in dairy cattle.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of treatment with equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) on the follicular dynamics and function of crossbred cows with different circulating progesterone (P4) concentrations during synchronization of ovulation in a fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) protocol. To this end, 30 crossbred cows were submitted to a pre-synchronization protocol to ensure that all of them presented corpus luteum (CL) at the beginning of the protocol, and were evaluated by transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) to verify the presence of CL. After that, the animals underwent an ovulation synchronization protocol and evaluation of follicular dynamics and vascularization by B-mode and power-Doppler ultrasound (US). High plasma P4 concentrations at the time of ovulation synchronization negatively influenced follicle diameter on day 10 (D10), preovulatory follicle diameter, and preovulatory follicle wall vascularization area (p0.05) similar to those of animals with low P4 concentration at the time of ovulation synchronization. Therefore, high P4 concentrations at the time of ovulation synchronization negatively influence follicular diameter and vascularization, and eCG can be used as a strategy to favor better follicular and luteal response in crossbred cows with high P4 concentrations submitted to an FTAI protocol.

O objetivo com este estudo foi avaliar a taxa de gestação de receptoras de embriões bovinos categorizadas de acordo com a qualidade do corpo lúteo (CL) e tratadas ou não com um análogo de GnRH (Fertirelina) no momento da inovulação. Somente os embriões viáveis foram selecionados para inovulação (1- excelente, 2- bom e 3- regular) e transferidos. Para tanto, 272 novilhas foram distribuídas em seis grupos: CL1-S/GnRH (receptoras com área do CL < 1,5cm² e não tratadas com GnRH, n =26); CL1-C/GnRH (receptoras com área do CL < 1,5cm² e tratadas com GnRH, n=29); CL2-S/GnRH (receptoras com área do CL entre 1,5 e 2,0cm² e não tratadas com GnRH, n =46); CL2-C/GnRH (receptoras com área do CL entre 1,5 e 2,0cm² e tratadas com GnRH, n=45); CL3-S/GnRH (receptoras com área do CL > 2,0cm² e não tratadas com GnRH, n=63); e CL3-C/GnRH (receptoras com área do CL > 2cm² e tratadas com GnRH, n=63). As taxas de gestação das receptoras de embrião em relação à qualidade do CL e a aplicação ou não do GnRH foram respectivamente, 43,31 e 41,38%, 56,52 e 46,67%, e 46,03 e 42,86% para CL1-S/GnRH e CL1-C/GnRH, CL2-S/GnRH e CL2-C/GnRH, e CL3-S/GnRH e CL3-C/GnRH. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) entre as variáveis avaliadas. Portanto, a administração do análogo de GnRH (Fertirelina) não elevou a taxa de gestação em receptoras de embriões bovinos, independente da qualidade do CL, demonstrando que esta estratégia não foi eficaz em incrementar os índices de fertilidade.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the intensity of estrus expression on the ovulatory follicle diameter (OFD) and its effect on the conception rate in zebu females managed under a FTAI program. On a random day of the estrous cycle, day 0, 308 Nellore females received an intravaginal progesterone device and 2.0 mg of estradiol benzoate were administered intramuscularly (IM). On day 8, the progesterone device was removed, and 300 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin, 150 µg of d-cloprostenol, and 1.0 mg of estradiol cypionate were administered IM. The animals were then painted with animal marker spray between the sacral tuberosity and the tailhead. On day 10, the animals were categorized into three groups: no estrus expression (n = 78), low intensity of estrus expression (n = 66) and high intensity of estrus expression (n = 164). The OFD was then measured, and artificial insemination (AI) was performed. The results suggest that determining the intensity of estrus expression is a good parameter to identify females with greater follicular diameter and increased fertility in Nellore cows submitted to a FTAI protocol.