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The COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil is extremely severe, and Brazil has the third-highest number of cases in the world. The goal of the study is to identify the prevalence rates and several predictors of depression and anxiety in Brazil during the initial outbreak of COVID-19. We surveyed 482 adults in 23 Brazilian states online on 9–22 May 2020, and found 70.3% of the adults (N=339) had depressive symptoms and 67.2% (N=320) had anxiety symptoms. The results of multi-class logistic regression models revealed that females, younger adults and those with fewer children had a higher likelihood of depression and anxiety symptoms; adults who worked as employees were more likely to have anxiety symptoms than those who were self-employed or unemployed; adults who spent more time browsing COVID-19 information online were more likely to have depression and anxiety symptoms. Our results provide preliminary evidence and early warning for psychiatrists and healthcare organizations to better identify and focus on the more vulnerable sub-populations in Brazil during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Stephen X. Zhang; Hao Huang; Jizhen Li; Mayra Antonelli-Ponti; Scheila Farias de Paiva; José Aparecido da Silva. Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Brazil during COVID-19. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleStephen X. Zhang, Hao Huang, Jizhen Li, Mayra Antonelli-Ponti, Scheila Farias de Paiva, José Aparecido da Silva. Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Brazil during COVID-19. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen X. Zhang; Hao Huang; Jizhen Li; Mayra Antonelli-Ponti; Scheila Farias de Paiva; José Aparecido da Silva. 2021. "Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Brazil during COVID-19." , no. : 1.
The COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil is extremely severe, and Brazil has the third-highest number of cases in the world. The goal of the study is to identify the prevalence rates and several predictors of depression and anxiety in Brazil during the initial outbreak of COVID-19. We surveyed 482 adults in 23 Brazilian states online on 9–22 May 2020, and found that 70.3% of the adults (n = 339) had depressive symptoms and 67.2% (n = 320) had anxiety symptoms. The results of multi-class logistic regression models revealed that females, younger adults, and those with fewer children had a higher likelihood of depression and anxiety symptoms; adults who worked as employees were more likely to have anxiety symptoms than those who were self-employed or unemployed; adults who spent more time browsing COVID-19 information online were more likely to have depression and anxiety symptoms. Our results provide preliminary evidence and early warning for psychiatrists and healthcare organizations to better identify and focus on the more vulnerable sub-populations in Brazil during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Stephen Zhang; Hao Huang; Jizhen Li; Mayra Antonelli-Ponti; Scheila Paiva; José da Silva. Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Brazil during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 7026 .
AMA StyleStephen Zhang, Hao Huang, Jizhen Li, Mayra Antonelli-Ponti, Scheila Paiva, José da Silva. Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Brazil during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (13):7026.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen Zhang; Hao Huang; Jizhen Li; Mayra Antonelli-Ponti; Scheila Paiva; José da Silva. 2021. "Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Brazil during COVID-19." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13: 7026.
Research Summary While there is a wealth of literature on the benefits of open innovation (OI), little is known about when do latecomer firms undertake international open innovation (IOI) given the related benefits and challenges. This study examines how the characteristics of firms and their surrounding environment affect their engagement with international collaboration. Demand side factors appear to be more significant drivers of IOI in latecomer firms than the pursuit of technology leadership. Market expansion‐oriented innovation strategy, international orientation, previous collaboration experiences, and technology intensity of the industry are found to be associated with a high degree of IOI; firms with stronger R&D capacity tend to be less open to international collaboration. Findings from this research are helpful for managers interested in using IOI to promote their companies' innovation performance, and to managers of MNEs or policy makers who would like to understand the international innovation strategy of Chinese firms. Managerial Summary Little is known about when do latecomer firms undertake IOI. This study uses a national survey data set of manufacturing firms in China, examining how the characteristics of firms and their surrounding environment affect their degrees of international openness in innovation. Heckman's two‐step model is used to test the hypotheses, supplemented with robustness checks. Demand side factors appear to be more significant drivers of IOI in latecomer firms than the pursuit of technology leadership. Market expansion‐oriented innovation strategy, international orientation, previous collaboration experiences, and technology intensity of the industry are found to be associated with a high degree of IOI; firms with stronger R&D capacity tend to be less open to international collaboration. Managerial and policy implications are discussed.
Xiaolan Fu; Yawen Li; Jizhen Li; Henry Chesbrough. When do latecomer firms undertake international open innovation: Evidence from China. Global Strategy Journal 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleXiaolan Fu, Yawen Li, Jizhen Li, Henry Chesbrough. When do latecomer firms undertake international open innovation: Evidence from China. Global Strategy Journal. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaolan Fu; Yawen Li; Jizhen Li; Henry Chesbrough. 2021. "When do latecomer firms undertake international open innovation: Evidence from China." Global Strategy Journal , no. : 1.
Purpose: Healthcare staff operate at the forefront of the fight against COVID-19 and hence face enormous physical and mental pressures. We aim to investigate healthcare staff’s mental health issues and the associated predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, this paper aims to identify some unique predictors of healthcare staff’s mental health issues in Iran, the second country after China to experience a major COVID-19 crisis. Methods: An online survey of 280 healthcare staff in all 31 provinces of Iran assessed staff’s mental distress (K6), depression, and anxiety (PHQ-4) during April 5– 20, 2020 during the COVID-19 crisis. Results: Nearly a third of healthcare staff surpassed the cutoff for distress, depression, and anxiety symptoms. Females or more educated healthcare staff were more likely to experience distress. Those who were unsure whether they had COVID-19 were more likely to experience distress and depression symptoms. The number of COVID-19 cases among a healthcare worker’s colleagues or friends positively predicted the worker’s anxiety symptoms. Amongst healthcare staff, doctors were less likely than radiology technologists to experience distress and anxiety symptoms. Technicians and obstetrics staff experienced fewer anxiety symptoms. The age and the weekly working days of healthcare staff interacted such that age is asignificant predictor of mental health issues among younger but not older healthcare staff. Conclusion: The identification of the predictors of mental health issues can guide healthcare organizations to screen healthcare workers who are more likely to be mentally vulnerable in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Haitong Gong; Stephen X Zhang; Khaled Nawaser; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Xingzi Xu; Jizhen Li; Afsaneh Bagheri. The Mental Health of Healthcare Staff Working During the COVID-19 Crisis: Their Working Hours as a Boundary Condition. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare 2021, ume 14, 1073 -1081.
AMA StyleHaitong Gong, Stephen X Zhang, Khaled Nawaser, Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi, Xingzi Xu, Jizhen Li, Afsaneh Bagheri. The Mental Health of Healthcare Staff Working During the COVID-19 Crisis: Their Working Hours as a Boundary Condition. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare. 2021; ume 14 ():1073-1081.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHaitong Gong; Stephen X Zhang; Khaled Nawaser; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Xingzi Xu; Jizhen Li; Afsaneh Bagheri. 2021. "The Mental Health of Healthcare Staff Working During the COVID-19 Crisis: Their Working Hours as a Boundary Condition." Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare ume 14, no. : 1073-1081.
This study investigates the impacts of partner technology heterogeneity on innovation performance of alliance firms both in terms of R&D output and the enhancement of partners’ innovation capability. We apply a generalized semi‐parametric model on a questionnaire survey result of 413 High and New Technology Enterprises in China. In order to ensure the robustness and practicability of our result, PCA is applied to extract comprehensive information and SiZer analysis is employed to test the linearity and significance of the nonparametric functions in the model. Our results indicate that collaborations between partners with different industry technologies exert inversed U‐shaped R&D output pattern and affect very little the innovation ability of focal firms. The impact of industry domain divergence is no longer significant when partner technology heterogeneity is added in the model of analysis. Partner technology heterogeneity leads to an ascending S‐shaped R&D output pattern and contributes positively to innovation capabilities. One of the implications of our findings is that when choosing R&D alliance partners, firms are better off avoiding candidates from a different industry domain but opt for potential collaborators who are in the same industry but in the different technical domain, which may facilitate more effective organizational learning. Further, we argue that the reasons behind the S‐shaped R&D output pattern led by technology heterogeneity being the co‐existence of competition and cooperation between partners where firms collaborate in value‐creation by combining diverse resources and compete for acquiring partner’s distinct technology and resources. Therefore, we suggest that, for the sustainability of collaborative innovation outcome, both cooperation and competition amongst alliance partners should be encouraged and well balanced at different stages of joint R&D projects.
Si Zhang; Jizhen Li; Na Li. Partner technological heterogeneity and innovation performance of R&D alliances. R&D Management 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleSi Zhang, Jizhen Li, Na Li. Partner technological heterogeneity and innovation performance of R&D alliances. R&D Management. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSi Zhang; Jizhen Li; Na Li. 2021. "Partner technological heterogeneity and innovation performance of R&D alliances." R&D Management , no. : 1.
Wearing a face mask has been recognised as an effective way of slowing down the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic. However, there is scarce evidence on predictors of face mask wearing during a pandemic. This research aims to investigate which demographic and hygienic factors could predict the compliance for face mask wearing in Malaysia. We employed a structured online survey of 708 Malaysian adult respondents. Among the factors examined, we found gender, hand washing and wearing of personal protective equipment significantly predicted face mask wearing.
Kim Hoe Looi; Stephen X. Zhang; Nicolas Li; Jizhen Li. Demographic and Hygienic Factors as Predictors of Face Mask Wearing During Covid-19 Pandemic in Malaysia. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleKim Hoe Looi, Stephen X. Zhang, Nicolas Li, Jizhen Li. Demographic and Hygienic Factors as Predictors of Face Mask Wearing During Covid-19 Pandemic in Malaysia. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim Hoe Looi; Stephen X. Zhang; Nicolas Li; Jizhen Li. 2021. "Demographic and Hygienic Factors as Predictors of Face Mask Wearing During Covid-19 Pandemic in Malaysia." , no. : 1.
Healthcare workers are under such a tremendous amount of pressure during the COVID-19 pandemic that many have become concerned about their jobs and even intend to leave them. It is paramount for healthcare workers to feel satisfied with their jobs and lives during a pandemic. This study aims to examine the predictors of job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and turnover intention of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Between 10 and 30 April 2020, 240 healthcare workers in Bolivia completed a cross-sectional online survey, which assessed their job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and turnover intention in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The results revealed that their number of office days predicted job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and turnover intention, but the relationships varied by their age. For example, healthcare workers’ office days negatively predicted job satisfaction for the young (e.g., at 25 years old: b = − 0.21; 95% CI: − 0.36 to − 0.60) but positively predicted job satisfaction for the old (e.g., at 65 years old: b = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.44). These findings provide evidence to enable healthcare organizations to identify staff concerned about job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and turnover intention to enable early actions so that these staffs can remain motivated to fight the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic.
Stephen X. Zhang; Jiyao Chen; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Aldo Alvarez-Risco; Huiyang Dai; Jizhen Li; Ross Mary Patty-Tito. Succumbing to the COVID-19 Pandemic—Healthcare Workers Not Satisfied and Intend to Leave Their Jobs. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 2021, 1 -10.
AMA StyleStephen X. Zhang, Jiyao Chen, Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Huiyang Dai, Jizhen Li, Ross Mary Patty-Tito. Succumbing to the COVID-19 Pandemic—Healthcare Workers Not Satisfied and Intend to Leave Their Jobs. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 2021; ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen X. Zhang; Jiyao Chen; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Aldo Alvarez-Risco; Huiyang Dai; Jizhen Li; Ross Mary Patty-Tito. 2021. "Succumbing to the COVID-19 Pandemic—Healthcare Workers Not Satisfied and Intend to Leave Their Jobs." International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction , no. : 1-10.
Background: This study aims to identify individuals’ likelihood of being COVID negative or positive, enabling more targeted infectious disease prevention and control when there is a shortage of COVID-19 testing kits. Methods: We conducted a primary survey of 521 adults on April 1– 10, 2020 in Iran, where 3% reported being COVID-19 positive and 15% were unsure whether they were infected. This relatively high positive rate enabled us to conduct the analysis at the 5% significance level. Results: Adults who exercised more were more likely to be COVID-19 negative. Each additional hour of exercise per day predicted a 78% increase in the likelihood of being COVID-19 negative. Adults with chronic health issues were 48% more likely to be COVID-19 negative. Those working from home were the most likely to be COVID-19 negative, and those who had stopped working due to the pandemic were the most likely to be COVID-19 positive. Adults employed in larger organizations were less likely to be COVID-19 positive. Conclusion: This study enables more targeted infectious disease prevention and control by identifying the risk factors of COVID-19 infections from a set of readily accessible information. We hope this research opens a new research avenue to predict the individual likelihood of COVID-19 infection by risk factors.
Stephen X Zhang; Shuhua Sun; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Yifei Wang; Abbas Nazarian Madavani; Jizhen Li; Maryam Mokhtari Dinani. Beyond Predicting the Number of Infections: Predicting Who is Likely to Be COVID Negative or Positive. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy 2020, ume 13, 2811 -2818.
AMA StyleStephen X Zhang, Shuhua Sun, Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi, Yifei Wang, Abbas Nazarian Madavani, Jizhen Li, Maryam Mokhtari Dinani. Beyond Predicting the Number of Infections: Predicting Who is Likely to Be COVID Negative or Positive. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy. 2020; ume 13 ():2811-2818.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen X Zhang; Shuhua Sun; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Yifei Wang; Abbas Nazarian Madavani; Jizhen Li; Maryam Mokhtari Dinani. 2020. "Beyond Predicting the Number of Infections: Predicting Who is Likely to Be COVID Negative or Positive." Risk Management and Healthcare Policy ume 13, no. : 2811-2818.
This paper extends the conventional wisdom of social networks and entrepreneurship by clarifying the relationship between network diversity and venture growth as well as by studying the mediation effect of entrepreneurial alertness on network diversity. It highlights the importance of diverse networks for providing heterogeneous information and resources, which is the antecedent of entrepreneurial alertness. In this paper, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data from 44 countries are used in our analysis, considering the country’s impact. Overall, we concluded that network diversity can significantly predict entrepreneurial alertness, and a venture’s growth. Furthermore, an entrepreneur’s educational level and entrepreneurial experience have positive moderating effects on the relationship between network diversity and entrepreneurial alertness.
Wu Zhao; Jizhen Li; Xiaohua Li; Thomas Schøtt. Implications of Network Diversity for Venture Growth: The Mediation Effect of Entrepreneurial Alertness. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9762 .
AMA StyleWu Zhao, Jizhen Li, Xiaohua Li, Thomas Schøtt. Implications of Network Diversity for Venture Growth: The Mediation Effect of Entrepreneurial Alertness. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9762.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu Zhao; Jizhen Li; Xiaohua Li; Thomas Schøtt. 2020. "Implications of Network Diversity for Venture Growth: The Mediation Effect of Entrepreneurial Alertness." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9762.
Although handwashing is an effective way to prevent infections, there is scarce evidence on predictors of handwashing during a pandemic. This paper aims to identify behavioural and demographic predictors of handwashing. The study surveyed 674 adults in Malaysia in May 2020 regarding whether the time spent on social media predicted handwashing contingent on gender and number of children. More time spent on social media was positively associated with handwashing for males with three or more children. However, for males without children, social media use was negatively associated with handwashing. The association was not significant for males with one or two children. For females, more time spent on social media was significantly linked to more handwashing only for females with one child. Gender, a traditional predictor of handwashing, was a useful predictor only for those who spent more than three hours per day on social media and had at most one child. Number of children was a novel negative predictor for males who did not use social media and who averaged one hour per day on social media, a positive predictor for males who spent lots of time on social media, but not a predictor for females. In sum, social media use predicts handwashing, and is thus a helpful variable for use in targeted health communication during a pandemic – particularly through social media. Further, more conventional predictors like gender and number of children exhibit contingency effects with social media use.
Stephen X. Zhang; Lorenz Graf-Vlachy; Kim Hoe Looi; Rui Su; Jizhen Li. Social media use as a predictor of handwashing during a pandemic: Evidence from Covid-19 in Malaysia. Epidemiology and Infection 2020, 148, 1 -12.
AMA StyleStephen X. Zhang, Lorenz Graf-Vlachy, Kim Hoe Looi, Rui Su, Jizhen Li. Social media use as a predictor of handwashing during a pandemic: Evidence from Covid-19 in Malaysia. Epidemiology and Infection. 2020; 148 ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen X. Zhang; Lorenz Graf-Vlachy; Kim Hoe Looi; Rui Su; Jizhen Li. 2020. "Social media use as a predictor of handwashing during a pandemic: Evidence from Covid-19 in Malaysia." Epidemiology and Infection 148, no. : 1-12.
Research identifying adults’ mental health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic relies solely on demographic predictors without examining adults’ health condition as a potential predictor. This study aims to examine individuals’ perception of health conditions and test availability as potential predictors of mental health—insomnia, anxiety, depression, and distress—during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online survey of 669 adults in Malaysia was conducted during 2–8 May 2020, six weeks after the Movement Control Order (MCO) was issued. We found adults’ perception of health conditions had curvilinear relationships (horizontally reversed J-shaped) with insomnia, anxiety, depression, and distress. Perceived test availability for COVID-19 also had curvilinear relationships (horizontally reversed J-shaped) with anxiety and depression. Younger adults reported worse mental health, but people from various religions and ethnic groups did not differ significantly in reported mental health. The results indicated that adults with worse health conditions had more mental health problems, and the worse degree deepened for unhealthy people. Perceived test availability negatively predicted anxiety and depression, especially for adults perceiving COVID-19 test unavailability. The significant predictions of perceived health condition and perceived COVID-19 test availability suggest a new direction for the literature to identify the psychiatric risk factors directly from health-related variables during a pandemic.
Huiyang Dai; Stephen X. Zhang; Kim Hoe Looi; Rui Su; Jizhen Li. Perception of Health Conditions and Test Availability as Predictors of Adults’ Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey Study of Adults in Malaysia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 5498 .
AMA StyleHuiyang Dai, Stephen X. Zhang, Kim Hoe Looi, Rui Su, Jizhen Li. Perception of Health Conditions and Test Availability as Predictors of Adults’ Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey Study of Adults in Malaysia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (15):5498.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuiyang Dai; Stephen X. Zhang; Kim Hoe Looi; Rui Su; Jizhen Li. 2020. "Perception of Health Conditions and Test Availability as Predictors of Adults’ Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey Study of Adults in Malaysia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15: 5498.
Background During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, social media platforms have become active sites for the dissemination of conspiracy theories that provide alternative explanations of the cause of the pandemic, such as secret plots by powerful and malicious groups. However, the association of individuals’ beliefs in conspiracy theories about COVID-19 with mental health and well-being issues has not been investigated. This association creates an assessable channel to identify and provide assistance to people with mental health and well-being issues during the pandemic. Objective Our aim was to provide the first evidence that belief in conspiracy theories regarding the COVID-19 pandemic is a predictor of the mental health and well-being of health care workers. Methods We conducted a survey of 252 health care workers in Ecuador from April 10 to May 2, 2020. We analyzed the data regarding distress and anxiety caseness with logistic regression and the data regarding life and job satisfaction with linear regression. Results Among the 252 sampled health care workers in Ecuador, 61 (24.2%) believed that the virus was developed intentionally in a lab; 82 (32.5%) experienced psychological distress, and 71 (28.2%) had anxiety disorder. Compared to health care workers who were not sure where the virus originated, those who believed the virus was developed intentionally in a lab were more likely to report psychological distress and anxiety disorder and to have lower levels of job satisfaction and life satisfaction. Conclusions This paper identifies belief in COVID-19 conspiracy theories as an important predictor of distress, anxiety, and job and life satisfaction among health care workers. This finding will enable mental health services to better target and provide help to mentally vulnerable health care workers during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Xi Chen; Stephen X Zhang; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Aldo Alvarez-Risco; Huiyang Dai; Jizhen Li; Verónica García Ibarra. Belief in a COVID-19 Conspiracy Theory as a Predictor of Mental Health and Well-Being of Health Care Workers in Ecuador: Cross-Sectional Survey Study. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 2020, 6, e20737 .
AMA StyleXi Chen, Stephen X Zhang, Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Huiyang Dai, Jizhen Li, Verónica García Ibarra. Belief in a COVID-19 Conspiracy Theory as a Predictor of Mental Health and Well-Being of Health Care Workers in Ecuador: Cross-Sectional Survey Study. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance. 2020; 6 (3):e20737.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXi Chen; Stephen X Zhang; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Aldo Alvarez-Risco; Huiyang Dai; Jizhen Li; Verónica García Ibarra. 2020. "Belief in a COVID-19 Conspiracy Theory as a Predictor of Mental Health and Well-Being of Health Care Workers in Ecuador: Cross-Sectional Survey Study." JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 6, no. 3: e20737.
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers are under such a tremendous amount of pressure during the COVID-19 pandemic that many have become concerned about their jobs and even intend to leave them. It is paramount for healthcare workers to feel satisfied with their jobs and lives during a pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the predictors of job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and turnover intention of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Between 10 to 30 April, 2020, 240 healthcare workers in Bolivia completed a cross-sectional online survey, which assessed their job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and turnover intention in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS The results revealed that their number of office days predicted job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and turnover intention, but the relationships varied by their age. For example, healthcare workers’ office days negatively predicted job satisfaction for the young (e.g. at 25 years old: b=-0.21; 95% CI: -0.36 to -0.60) but positively predicted job satisfaction for the old (e.g. at 65 years old: b=0.25; 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.44). CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence to enable healthcare organizations to identify staff concerned about job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and turnover intention to enable early actions so that these staff can remain motivated to fight the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic.
Stephen X. Zhang; Jiyao Chen; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Aldo Alvarez-Risco; Huiyang Dai; Jizhen Li; Ross Mary Patty-Tito. Succumbing to the COVID-19 Pandemic – Healthcare Workers not Satisfied and Intend to Leave Their Jobs (Preprint). 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleStephen X. Zhang, Jiyao Chen, Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Huiyang Dai, Jizhen Li, Ross Mary Patty-Tito. Succumbing to the COVID-19 Pandemic – Healthcare Workers not Satisfied and Intend to Leave Their Jobs (Preprint). . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen X. Zhang; Jiyao Chen; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Aldo Alvarez-Risco; Huiyang Dai; Jizhen Li; Ross Mary Patty-Tito. 2020. "Succumbing to the COVID-19 Pandemic – Healthcare Workers not Satisfied and Intend to Leave Their Jobs (Preprint)." , no. : 1.
BackgroundResearch identifying adults’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic relies solely on demographic predictors without examining adults’ health status during the COVID-19 pandemic as a potential predictor.MethodsAn online survey of 669 adults in Malaysia was conducted during May 2–8, 2020, six weeks after a Movement Control Order (MCO) was issued.FindingsAdults’ health condition had curvilinear relationships (horizontally reversed J-shaped) with insomnia, anxiety, depression and distress. Reported test availability for COVID-19 (from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”) also had curvilinear relationships (horizontally reversed J-shaped) with anxiety and depression. Younger adults reported worse mental health, but people from various religions and ethnic groups did not differ significantly in reported mental health.InterpretationAdults with worse health conditions had more mental health problems, especially adults at the lower end of the health spectrum. Test availability negatively predicted anxiety and depression, especially for adults experiencing poor COVID-19 test availability. The significant predictions of health condition and COVID-19 test availability suggest a new direction for the literature to identify psychiatric risk factors directly from health related variables during a pandemic.FundingTsinghua University-INDITEX Sustainable Development Fund (Project No. TISD201904).
Huiyang Dai; Stephen X. Zhang; Kim Hoe Looi; Rui Su; Jizhen Li. Health Condition and Test Availability as Predictors of Adults’ Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleHuiyang Dai, Stephen X. Zhang, Kim Hoe Looi, Rui Su, Jizhen Li. Health Condition and Test Availability as Predictors of Adults’ Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuiyang Dai; Stephen X. Zhang; Kim Hoe Looi; Rui Su; Jizhen Li. 2020. "Health Condition and Test Availability as Predictors of Adults’ Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic." , no. : 1.
We show that fraudulent firms allocate resources differently than honest companies. Resources obtained through fraudulent means are likely to be viewed as unearned gains and are less likely to be invested in productive activities, such as recruiting talent. We posit that honest and fraudulent companies also invest in different types of innovation: honest firms pursue technically significant innovations, while fraudulent companies are likely to make smaller investments in less challenging inventive opportunities that contribute to the appearance rather than the substance of innovation. We test these predictions in a longitudinal dataset tracking the personnel recruitment and patenting activities of 467 Chinese high technology firms, all of which applied for state-funded innovation grants. We identify fraud by comparing two sets of financial books prepared by each company in the data in the same fiscal year, which are legally required to be identical but are discrepant in over 50 percent of cases, in a direction that benefits the firm. We find that relative to honest companies, fraudulent firms are more likely to receive state grants and are less likely to recruit new employees or produce important inventions in the post-grant period.
Yanbo Wang; Toby Stuart; Jizhen Li. Fraud and Innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly 2020, 66, 267 -297.
AMA StyleYanbo Wang, Toby Stuart, Jizhen Li. Fraud and Innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly. 2020; 66 (2):267-297.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYanbo Wang; Toby Stuart; Jizhen Li. 2020. "Fraud and Innovation." Administrative Science Quarterly 66, no. 2: 267-297.
This study predicts handwashing behavior during the Covid-19 pandemic. An analysis of 674 adults in Malaysia identifies their time spent on social media per day as a key predictor of handwashing. The association between time spent on social media and handwashing substantially depends on gender and the number of children in the same household. Additional predictors include age and health condition. This study helps identify specific target groups for health communication on hand hygiene via people’s use of social media, which can be a key channel for health communication campaigns during a pandemic.
Stephen X. Zhang; Lorenz Graf-Vlachy; Rui Su; Jizhen Li; Kim Hoe Looi. Who do not wash their hands during the Covid-19 pandemic? Social media use as a potential predictor. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleStephen X. Zhang, Lorenz Graf-Vlachy, Rui Su, Jizhen Li, Kim Hoe Looi. Who do not wash their hands during the Covid-19 pandemic? Social media use as a potential predictor. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen X. Zhang; Lorenz Graf-Vlachy; Rui Su; Jizhen Li; Kim Hoe Looi. 2020. "Who do not wash their hands during the Covid-19 pandemic? Social media use as a potential predictor." , no. : 1.
Background Social media are becoming hotbeds of conspiracy theories, which aim to give resolute explanations on the cause of COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, no research has investigated whether individuals’ belief in conspiracy theory about COVID-19 is associated with mental health and well-being issues. This association enables an assessable channel to identify and reach people with mental health and well-being issues during the pandemic. Objective We aim to provide the first evidence of belief in conspiracy theory regarding the COVID-19 virus as a predictor of the mental health and well-being of healthcare workers. Methods We conducted a survey of 252 healthcare workers in Ecuador from April 10 to May 2, 2020. We analyzed the data of distress and anxiety caseness with logistic regression and life and job satisfaction with linear regression. Results Among the sampled healthcare workers in Ecuador, 24.2% believed that the virus was developed intentionally in a lab; 32.54% experienced distress disorder, and 28.17% had anxiety disorder. Compared to healthcare workers who were not sure where the virus originated, those who believed the virus was developed intentionally in a lab were more likely to have distress disorder and anxiety disorder and had lower levels of job satisfaction and life satisfaction. Conclusions This paper identifies belief in a COVID-19 conspiracy theory as an important predictor of distress, anxiety, and job and life satisfaction of healthcare workers. It enables mental health services to better target and help mentally vulnerable healthcare workers during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Xi Chen; Stephen X. Zhang; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Aldo Alvarez-Risco; Huiyang Dai; Jizhen Li; Verónica García Ibarra. Belief in Conspiracy Theory about COVID-19 Predicts Mental Health and Well-being: A Study of Healthcare Staff in Ecuador. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleXi Chen, Stephen X. Zhang, Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Huiyang Dai, Jizhen Li, Verónica García Ibarra. Belief in Conspiracy Theory about COVID-19 Predicts Mental Health and Well-being: A Study of Healthcare Staff in Ecuador. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXi Chen; Stephen X. Zhang; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Aldo Alvarez-Risco; Huiyang Dai; Jizhen Li; Verónica García Ibarra. 2020. "Belief in Conspiracy Theory about COVID-19 Predicts Mental Health and Well-being: A Study of Healthcare Staff in Ecuador." , no. : 1.
BACKGROUND During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, social media platforms have become active sites for the dissemination of conspiracy theories that provide alternative explanations of the cause of the pandemic, such as secret plots by powerful and malicious groups. However, the association of individuals’ beliefs in conspiracy theories about COVID-19 with mental health and well-being issues has not been investigated. This association creates an assessable channel to identify and provide assistance to people with mental health and well-being issues during the pandemic. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to provide the first evidence that belief in conspiracy theories regarding the COVID-19 pandemic is a predictor of the mental health and well-being of health care workers. METHODS We conducted a survey of 252 health care workers in Ecuador from April 10 to May 2, 2020. We analyzed the data regarding distress and anxiety caseness with logistic regression and the data regarding life and job satisfaction with linear regression. RESULTS Among the 252 sampled health care workers in Ecuador, 61 (24.2%) believed that the virus was developed intentionally in a lab; 82 (32.5%) experienced psychological distress, and 71 (28.2%) had anxiety disorder. Compared to health care workers who were not sure where the virus originated, those who believed the virus was developed intentionally in a lab were more likely to report psychological distress and anxiety disorder and to have lower levels of job satisfaction and life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS This paper identifies belief in COVID-19 conspiracy theories as an important predictor of distress, anxiety, and job and life satisfaction among health care workers. This finding will enable mental health services to better target and provide help to mentally vulnerable health care workers during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Xi Chen; Stephen X Zhang; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Aldo Alvarez-Risco; Huiyang Dai; Jizhen Li; Verónica García Ibarra. Belief in a COVID-19 Conspiracy Theory as a Predictor of Mental Health and Well-Being of Health Care Workers in Ecuador: Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint). 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleXi Chen, Stephen X Zhang, Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Huiyang Dai, Jizhen Li, Verónica García Ibarra. Belief in a COVID-19 Conspiracy Theory as a Predictor of Mental Health and Well-Being of Health Care Workers in Ecuador: Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint). . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXi Chen; Stephen X Zhang; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Aldo Alvarez-Risco; Huiyang Dai; Jizhen Li; Verónica García Ibarra. 2020. "Belief in a COVID-19 Conspiracy Theory as a Predictor of Mental Health and Well-Being of Health Care Workers in Ecuador: Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)." , no. : 1.
BackgroundHealthcare workers are under such a tremendous amount of pressure during the COVID-19 pandemic that many have become concerned about their jobs and even intend to leave them. It is paramount for healthcare workers to feel satisfied with their jobs and lives during a pandemic.MethodsBetween 10 to 30 April, 2020, 240 healthcare workers in Bolivia completed a cross-sectional online survey, which assessed their job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and turnover intention in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsThe results revealed that their number of office days predicted job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and turnover intention, but the relationships varied by their age. For example, healthcare workers’ office days negatively predicted job satisfaction for the young (e.g. at 25 years old: b=-0.21; 95% CI: −0.36 to −0.60) but positively predicted job satisfaction for the old (e.g. at 65 years old: b=0.25; 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.44).ConclusionsThese findings provide evidence to enable healthcare organizations to identify staff concerned about job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and turnover intention to enable early actions so that these staff can remain motivated to fight the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic.
Stephen X. Zhang; Jiyao Chen; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Aldo Alvarez-Risco; Huiyang Dai; Jizhen Li; Ross Mary Patty-Tito. Succumbing to the COVID-19 Pandemic – Healthcare Workers not Satisfied and Intend to Leave Their Jobs. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleStephen X. Zhang, Jiyao Chen, Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Huiyang Dai, Jizhen Li, Ross Mary Patty-Tito. Succumbing to the COVID-19 Pandemic – Healthcare Workers not Satisfied and Intend to Leave Their Jobs. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStephen X. Zhang; Jiyao Chen; Asghar Afshar Jahanshahi; Aldo Alvarez-Risco; Huiyang Dai; Jizhen Li; Ross Mary Patty-Tito. 2020. "Succumbing to the COVID-19 Pandemic – Healthcare Workers not Satisfied and Intend to Leave Their Jobs." , no. : 1.
The aim of this study is to examine the differential impacts of networking in the public and private spheres on the export performance of first- and second-generation immigrant entrepreneurs, as well as native-born entrepreneurs. We apply transnational and ethnic theories to elaborate hypotheses using data collected by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor on 26,591 native-born entrepreneurs, first-generation immigrant entrepreneurs, and second-generation immigrant entrepreneurs. In examining this fairly global representation of entrepreneurs, we found that such networking had a significant impact on the exporting of second-generation immigrant entrepreneurs. More specifically, we show that although they benefited the least from private-sphere networking, compared to first-generation immigrant and native-born entrepreneurs, they derived more benefits from public-sphere networking than the other two groups. This study contributes to the theory in this field by accounting for the skewness of dual-embeddedness among immigrant entrepreneurs and its effect upon networking and export performance.
Shayegheh Ashourizadeh; Jizhen Li; Kent Adsbøll Wickstrøm. Immigrants` Entrepreneurial Networks and Export: A Comparative Study. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 2020, 1 -28.
AMA StyleShayegheh Ashourizadeh, Jizhen Li, Kent Adsbøll Wickstrøm. Immigrants` Entrepreneurial Networks and Export: A Comparative Study. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. 2020; ():1-28.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShayegheh Ashourizadeh; Jizhen Li; Kent Adsbøll Wickstrøm. 2020. "Immigrants` Entrepreneurial Networks and Export: A Comparative Study." International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal , no. : 1-28.