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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging public health problem in modern times and the current COVID-19 pandemic has further exaggerated this problem. Due to bacterial co-infection in COVID-19 cases, an irrational consumption of antibiotics has occurred during the pandemic. This study aimed to observe the COVID-19 patients hospitalized from 1 March 2019 to 31 December 2020 and to evaluate the AMR pattern of bacterial agents isolated. This was a single-center study comprising 494 bacterial isolates (blood and urine) that were obtained from patients with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to the ICU and investigated in the Department of Microbiology of a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India. Out of the total bacterial isolates, 55.46% were gram negative and 44.53% were gram positive pathogens. Of the blood samples processed, the most common isolates were CoNS (Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus) and Staphylococcus aureus. Amongst the urinary isolates, most common pathogens were Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 60% MRSA was observed in urine and blood isolates. Up to 40% increase in AMR was observed amongst these isolates obtained during COVID-19 period compared to pre-COVID-19 times. The overuse of antibiotics gave abundant opportunity for the bacterial pathogens to gradually develop mechanisms and to acquire resistance. Since the dynamics of SARS-COV-2 are unpredictable, a compromise on hospital antibiotic policy may ultimately escalate the burden of drug resistant pathogens in hospitals. A shortage of trained staff during COVID-19 pandemic renders it impossible to maintain these records in places where the entire hospital staff is struggling to save lives. This study highlights the extensive rise in the use of antibiotics for respiratory illness due to COVID-19 compared to antibiotic use prior to COVID-19 in ICUs. The regular prescription audit followed by a constant surveillance of hospital infection control practices by the dedicated teams and training of clinicians can improve the quality of medications in the long run and help to fight the menace of AMR.
Vikas Saini; Charu Jain; Narendra Singh; Ahmad Alsulimani; Chhavi Gupta; Sajad Dar; Shafiul Haque; Shukla Das. Paradigm Shift in Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Isolates during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Antibiotics 2021, 10, 954 .
AMA StyleVikas Saini, Charu Jain, Narendra Singh, Ahmad Alsulimani, Chhavi Gupta, Sajad Dar, Shafiul Haque, Shukla Das. Paradigm Shift in Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Isolates during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Antibiotics. 2021; 10 (8):954.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVikas Saini; Charu Jain; Narendra Singh; Ahmad Alsulimani; Chhavi Gupta; Sajad Dar; Shafiul Haque; Shukla Das. 2021. "Paradigm Shift in Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Isolates during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Antibiotics 10, no. 8: 954.
Human breast milk (HBM) is unique in its composition as it is adapted to fulfil the newborns’ nutritional requirement and helps in improving the health of newborns. Besides various nutrients, the human milk also contains diverse group of microbiotas. The human milk microbiota has a remarkable impact on the growth and development of a newborn. Additionally, the human milk microbiota enhances the colonization of microbes in the gut of infants. Debates about the origin of HBM microbial flora remain premature and contradictory in some cases. Recent data suggest that the maternal gut microbiota has a major impact on microbial composition, areolar skin, and from the infant’s oral cavity. The current review investigates the possible route of microbial transfer from the maternal gut to mammary gland and suggests that it might occur through the entero-mammary pathway. It involves precise selection of probiotic microorganisms from the gut, as the human gut hosts trillions of microorganisms involved in gut homeostasis and other metabolic pathways. Gastrointestinal lymphatic vessels, macrophages, and dendritic cells are shown to play a significant role in the microbial transmission. Furthermore, the role of microbial factors in the development of neonatal immunity and translocation of secretory IgA (SIgA) cells from the intestinal lumen to GALT and finally to mammary glands via entero-mammary link are discussed.
Shanmugaprakasham Selvamani; Daniel Dailin; Vijai Gupta; Mohd Wahid; Ho Keat; Khairun Natasya; Roslinda Malek; Shafiul Haque; R. Sayyed; Bassam Abomoelak; Dalia Sukmawati; Theodoros Varzakas; Hesham El Enshasy. An Insight into Probiotics Bio-Route: Translocation from the Mother’s Gut to the Mammary Gland. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 7247 .
AMA StyleShanmugaprakasham Selvamani, Daniel Dailin, Vijai Gupta, Mohd Wahid, Ho Keat, Khairun Natasya, Roslinda Malek, Shafiul Haque, R. Sayyed, Bassam Abomoelak, Dalia Sukmawati, Theodoros Varzakas, Hesham El Enshasy. An Insight into Probiotics Bio-Route: Translocation from the Mother’s Gut to the Mammary Gland. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (16):7247.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShanmugaprakasham Selvamani; Daniel Dailin; Vijai Gupta; Mohd Wahid; Ho Keat; Khairun Natasya; Roslinda Malek; Shafiul Haque; R. Sayyed; Bassam Abomoelak; Dalia Sukmawati; Theodoros Varzakas; Hesham El Enshasy. 2021. "An Insight into Probiotics Bio-Route: Translocation from the Mother’s Gut to the Mammary Gland." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16: 7247.
The members of the Liliaceae family are considered an excellent source of biologically active compounds. However, work on antimicrobial potential and characterization of the bioactive fractions of the Lilium philadelphicum flower is limited and needs to be explored. The present study reports the antimicrobial potential of the bioactive fraction extracted from the flower of L. philadelphicum (red lily) and partial characterization of the bioactive compound(s). The antimicrobial activity was tested against nine different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of methanolic extract of the L.philadelphicum flower against Acinetobacterbouvetii, Achromobacterxylosoxidans, Bacillussubtilis MTCC 121, Candidaalbicans MTCC 183, Klebsiellapneumoniae MTCC 3384, and Salmonellatyphi MTCC 537 were 25, 50, 12.5, 50, 100, and 50 μg/mL, respectively. The phytochemical analysis of the extract revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides, coumarins, and quinones. The cytotoxicity of the partially purified compound against the HepG2 cell line using MTT assay demonstrated up to 90% cell viability with a bioactive compound concentration of 50 μg/mL. However, the increase in the bioactive compound’s concentration up to 1000 μg/mL resulted in nearly 80% cell viability. This minor decline in cell viability suggests the importance and suitability of the bioactive compound for therapeutic applications. Spectroscopic studies of the bioactive compound by UV-visible spectroscopy, FT-infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), as well as phytochemical analysis, suggested the presence of a terpenoid moiety, which may be responsible for the antimicrobial property of the L. philadelphicum flower.
Shefali Singh; Vineeta Singh; Alaa Alhazmi; Bhartendu Mishra; Shafiul Haque; R. Sayyed; Kumari Sunita. Lilium philadelphicum Flower as a Novel Source of Antimicrobial Agents: A Study of Bioactivity, Phytochemical Analysis, and Partial Identification of Antimicrobial Metabolites. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8471 .
AMA StyleShefali Singh, Vineeta Singh, Alaa Alhazmi, Bhartendu Mishra, Shafiul Haque, R. Sayyed, Kumari Sunita. Lilium philadelphicum Flower as a Novel Source of Antimicrobial Agents: A Study of Bioactivity, Phytochemical Analysis, and Partial Identification of Antimicrobial Metabolites. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8471.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShefali Singh; Vineeta Singh; Alaa Alhazmi; Bhartendu Mishra; Shafiul Haque; R. Sayyed; Kumari Sunita. 2021. "Lilium philadelphicum Flower as a Novel Source of Antimicrobial Agents: A Study of Bioactivity, Phytochemical Analysis, and Partial Identification of Antimicrobial Metabolites." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8471.
An overwhelming number of research articles have reported a strong relationship of the microbiome with cancer. Microbes have been observed more commonly in the body fluids like urine, stool, mucus of people with cancer compared to the healthy controls. The microbiota is responsible for both progression and suppression activities of various diseases. Thus, to maintain healthy human physiology, host and microbiota relationship should be in a balanced state. Any disturbance in this equilibrium, referred as microbiome dysbiosis becomes a prime cause for the human body to become more prone to immunodeficiency and cancer. It is well established that some of these microbes are the causative agents, whereas others may encourage the formation of tumours, but very little is known about how these microbial communications causing change at gene and epigenome level and trigger as well as encourage the tumour growth. Various studies have reported that microbes in the gut influence DNA methylation, DNA repair and DNA damage. The genes and pathways that are altered by gut microbes are also associated with cancer advancement, predominantly those implicated in cell growth and cell signalling pathways. This study exhaustively reviews the current research advancements in understanding of dysbiosis linked with colon, lung, ovarian, breast cancers and insights into the potential molecular targets of the microbiome promoting carcinogenesis, the epigenetic alterations of various potential targets by altered microbiota, as well as the role of various chemopreventive agents for timely prevention and customized treatment against various types of cancers.
Shafiul Haque; Ritu Raina; Nazia Afroze; Arif Hussain; Ahmad Alsulimani; Vineeta Singh; Bhartendu Nath Mishra; Sanjana Kaul; Ravindra Nath Kharwar. Microbial dysbiosis and epigenetics modulation in cancer development – A chemopreventive approach. Seminars in Cancer Biology 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleShafiul Haque, Ritu Raina, Nazia Afroze, Arif Hussain, Ahmad Alsulimani, Vineeta Singh, Bhartendu Nath Mishra, Sanjana Kaul, Ravindra Nath Kharwar. Microbial dysbiosis and epigenetics modulation in cancer development – A chemopreventive approach. Seminars in Cancer Biology. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShafiul Haque; Ritu Raina; Nazia Afroze; Arif Hussain; Ahmad Alsulimani; Vineeta Singh; Bhartendu Nath Mishra; Sanjana Kaul; Ravindra Nath Kharwar. 2021. "Microbial dysbiosis and epigenetics modulation in cancer development – A chemopreventive approach." Seminars in Cancer Biology , no. : 1.
The role of epigenetics in the etiology of cancer progression is being emphasized for the past two decades to check the impact of chromatin modifiers and remodelers. Histone modifications, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, nucleosome positioning, regulation by non-coding RNAs and precisely microRNAs are influential epigenetic marks in the field of progressive cancer sub-types. Furthermore, constant epigenetic changes due to hyper or hypomethylation could efficiently serve as effective biomarkers of cancer diagnosis and therapeutic development. Ongoing research in the field of epigenetics has resulted in the resolutory role of various epigenetic markers and their inhibition using specific inhibitors to arrest their key cellular functions in in-vitro and pre-clinical studies. Although, the mechanism of epigenetics in cancer largely remains unexplored. Nevertheless, various advancements in the field of epigenetics have been made through transcriptome analysis and in-vitro genome targeting technologies to unravel the applicability of epigenetic markers for future cancer therapeutics and management. Therefore, this review emphasizes on recent advances in epigenetic landscapes that could be targeted/explored using novel approaches as personalized treatment modalities for cancer containment.
Showket Hussain; Sonam Tulsyan; Sajad Ahmad Dar; Sandeep Sisodiya; Umme Abiha; Rakesh Kumar; Bhartendu Nath Mishra; Shafiul Haque. Role of Epigenetics in carcinogenesis: Recent Advancements in Anticancer Therapy. Seminars in Cancer Biology 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleShowket Hussain, Sonam Tulsyan, Sajad Ahmad Dar, Sandeep Sisodiya, Umme Abiha, Rakesh Kumar, Bhartendu Nath Mishra, Shafiul Haque. Role of Epigenetics in carcinogenesis: Recent Advancements in Anticancer Therapy. Seminars in Cancer Biology. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShowket Hussain; Sonam Tulsyan; Sajad Ahmad Dar; Sandeep Sisodiya; Umme Abiha; Rakesh Kumar; Bhartendu Nath Mishra; Shafiul Haque. 2021. "Role of Epigenetics in carcinogenesis: Recent Advancements in Anticancer Therapy." Seminars in Cancer Biology , no. : 1.
Cosmetics, commonly known as ‘makeup’ are products that can enhance the appearance of the human body. Cosmetic products include hair dyes, shampoos, skincare, sunscreens, kajal, and other makeup products. Cosmetics are generally applied throughout the face and over the neck region. Sunlight has different wavelengths of light, which include UV-A, UV-B, UV-C, and other radiations. Most cosmetic products have absorption maxima (λmax) in the range of visible light and UV-R. The effect of light-induced photosensitization of cosmetic products, which results in the production of free radicals through type-I and type-II photosensitization mechanisms. Free-radicals-mediated DNA damage and oxidative stress are common consequences of cosmetic phototoxicity. Cosmetic phototoxicity may include percutaneous absorption, skin irritation, eye irritation, photosensitization, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity. Oxidative stress induces membrane lipid peroxidation, glycoxidation, and protein covalent modifications, resulting in their dysfunction. Natural antioxidants inhibit oxidative-stress-induced cosmetic toxicity. Sunlight-induced photodegradation and accumulation of cosmetic photoproducts are also a matter of serious concern. India has tropical weather conditions throughout the year and generally, a majority of human activities such as commerce, agriculture, sports, etc. are performed under bright sunlight conditions. Thus, more focused and dedicated research is warranted to explore the effects of cosmetics on oxidative stress, glycoxidation of biomolecules, and photoproducts accumulation for its total human safety.
Syed Mujtaba; Agha Masih; Ibrahim Alqasmi; Ahmad Alsulimani; Faizan Khan; Shafiul Haque. Oxidative-Stress-Induced Cellular Toxicity and Glycoxidation of Biomolecules by Cosmetic Products under Sunlight Exposure. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 1008 .
AMA StyleSyed Mujtaba, Agha Masih, Ibrahim Alqasmi, Ahmad Alsulimani, Faizan Khan, Shafiul Haque. Oxidative-Stress-Induced Cellular Toxicity and Glycoxidation of Biomolecules by Cosmetic Products under Sunlight Exposure. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (7):1008.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSyed Mujtaba; Agha Masih; Ibrahim Alqasmi; Ahmad Alsulimani; Faizan Khan; Shafiul Haque. 2021. "Oxidative-Stress-Induced Cellular Toxicity and Glycoxidation of Biomolecules by Cosmetic Products under Sunlight Exposure." Antioxidants 10, no. 7: 1008.
Lichens, algae and fungi-based symbiotic associations, are sources of many important secondary metabolites, such as antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, and anticancer agents. Wide range of experiments based on in vivo and in vitro studies revealed that lichens are a rich treasure of anti-cancer compounds. Lichen extracts and isolated lichen compounds can interact with all biological entities currently identified to be responsible for tumor development. The critical ways to control the cancer development include induction of cell cycle arrests, blocking communication of growth factors, activation of anti-tumor immunity, inhibition of tumor-friendly inflammation, inhibition of tumor metastasis, and suppressing chromosome dysfunction. Also, lichen-based compounds induce the killing of cells by the process of apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis, that inturn positively modulates metabolic networks of cells against uncontrolled cell division. Many lichen-based compounds have proven to possess potential anti-cancer activity against a wide range of cancer cells, either alone or in conjunction with other anti-cancer compounds. This review primarily emphasizes on an updated account of the repository of secondary metabolites reported in lichens. Besides, we discuss the anti-cancer potential and possible mechanism of the most frequently reported secondary metabolites derived from lichens.
Tanvir Ul Hassan Dar; Sajad Ahmad Dar; Shahid Ul Islam; Zahid Ahmed Mangral; Rubiya Dar; Bhim Pratap Singh; Pradeep Verma; Shafiul Haque. Lichens as a repository of bioactive compounds: an open window for green therapy against diverse cancers. Seminars in Cancer Biology 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleTanvir Ul Hassan Dar, Sajad Ahmad Dar, Shahid Ul Islam, Zahid Ahmed Mangral, Rubiya Dar, Bhim Pratap Singh, Pradeep Verma, Shafiul Haque. Lichens as a repository of bioactive compounds: an open window for green therapy against diverse cancers. Seminars in Cancer Biology. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTanvir Ul Hassan Dar; Sajad Ahmad Dar; Shahid Ul Islam; Zahid Ahmed Mangral; Rubiya Dar; Bhim Pratap Singh; Pradeep Verma; Shafiul Haque. 2021. "Lichens as a repository of bioactive compounds: an open window for green therapy against diverse cancers." Seminars in Cancer Biology , no. : 1.
Enteric fever caused by Salmonella typhi has been the most crucial health issue in rural people, especially in Southeast Asia and Africa. Another disease, Salmonellosis, caused by a large group of bacteria of the genus Salmonella, cause substantial economic loss resulting from mortality and morbidity. Higher concentration and repeated use of antibiotics to treat these diseases will likely develop antibiotic resistance among the microbes. The nanoparticle has good penetration power and can kill microbes. Combining two strategies by using nanoparticles with antibiotics kills microbes and reduces the chances of the development of antibiotics resistance. Silver, Nickel, Copper, and Zinc oxide Nanoparticles were chemically synthesized and characterized in this study. Silver nanoparticles at a concentration of 10 µg/ml inhibit all the strains under study. In comparison, silver nanoparticles (16.90 µg/ml), Nickel nanoparticles (83 µg ml−1), Copper nanoparticles (249 µg ml−1), and Zinc oxide (1614 µg ml−1) along with 50 µg/ml cefixime gave maximum zone of inhibition of 35 mm, 19 mm, 31 mm and 23 mm respectively. The antimicrobial assay showed that silver nanoparticles presented good antibacterial performance against all multi-drug-resistant pathogenic Salmonella sp alone as well as in combinations. The present study proved that silver nanoparticles at the lowest concentration along with cefixime could be a possible alternative to control the multi-drug-resistant pathogens.
Chintan Kapadia; Alaa Alhazmi; Nafisa Patel; Basem H. Elesawy; R.Z. Sayyed; Fatema Lokhandwala; Shafiul Haque; Rahul Datta. Nanoparticles combined with cefixime as an effective synergistic strategy against Salmonella enterica typhi. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2021, 28, 4164 -4172.
AMA StyleChintan Kapadia, Alaa Alhazmi, Nafisa Patel, Basem H. Elesawy, R.Z. Sayyed, Fatema Lokhandwala, Shafiul Haque, Rahul Datta. Nanoparticles combined with cefixime as an effective synergistic strategy against Salmonella enterica typhi. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021; 28 (8):4164-4172.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChintan Kapadia; Alaa Alhazmi; Nafisa Patel; Basem H. Elesawy; R.Z. Sayyed; Fatema Lokhandwala; Shafiul Haque; Rahul Datta. 2021. "Nanoparticles combined with cefixime as an effective synergistic strategy against Salmonella enterica typhi." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28, no. 8: 4164-4172.
Fruit wastes can be imperative to elevate economical biomass to biofuels production process at pilot scale. Because of the renewable features, huge availability, having low lignin content organic nature and low cost; these wastes can be of much interest for cellulase enzyme production. This review provides recent advances on the fungal cellulase production using fruit wastes as a potential substrate. Also, the availability of fruit wastes, generation and processing data and their potential applications for cellulase enzyme production have been discussed. Several aspects, including cellulase and its function, solid-state fermentation, process parameters, microbial source, and the application of enzyme in biofuels industries have also been discussed. Further, emphasis has been made on various bottlenecks and feasible approaches such as use of nanomaterials, co-culture, molecular techniques, genetic engineering, and cost economy analysis to develop a low-cost based comprehensive technology for viable production of cellulase and its application in biofuels production technology.
Neha Srivastava; Manish Srivastava; Alaa Alhazmi; Tahreem Kausar; Shafiul Haque; Rajeev Singh; Pramod W. Ramteke; Pradeep Kumar Mishra; Maria Tuohy; Maja Leitgeb; Vijai Kumar Gupta. Technological advances for improving fungal cellulase production from fruit wastes for bioenergy application: A review. Environmental Pollution 2021, 287, 117370 .
AMA StyleNeha Srivastava, Manish Srivastava, Alaa Alhazmi, Tahreem Kausar, Shafiul Haque, Rajeev Singh, Pramod W. Ramteke, Pradeep Kumar Mishra, Maria Tuohy, Maja Leitgeb, Vijai Kumar Gupta. Technological advances for improving fungal cellulase production from fruit wastes for bioenergy application: A review. Environmental Pollution. 2021; 287 ():117370.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNeha Srivastava; Manish Srivastava; Alaa Alhazmi; Tahreem Kausar; Shafiul Haque; Rajeev Singh; Pramod W. Ramteke; Pradeep Kumar Mishra; Maria Tuohy; Maja Leitgeb; Vijai Kumar Gupta. 2021. "Technological advances for improving fungal cellulase production from fruit wastes for bioenergy application: A review." Environmental Pollution 287, no. : 117370.
The present study was aimed to evaluate the suitability of agro-wastes and crude vegetable oils for the cost-effective production of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), to evaluate growth kinetics and PHB production in Alcaligenes faecalis RZS4 and Pseudomonas sp. RZS1 with these carbon substrates and to study the biodegradation of PHB accumulated by these cultures. Alcaligenes faecalis RZS4 and Pseudomonas sp. RZS1 accumulates higher amounts of PHB corn (79.90% of dry cell mass) and rice straw (66.22% of dry cell mass) medium respectively. The kinetic model suggests that the Pseudomonas sp. RZS1 follows the Monod model more closely than A. faecalis RZS4. Both the cultures degrade their PHB extract under the influence of PHB depolymerase. Corn waste and rice straw appear as the best and cost-effective substrates for the sustainable production of PHB from Alcaligenes faecalis RZS4 and Pseudomonas sp. RZS1. The biopolymer accumulated by these organisms is biodegradable in nature. The agro-wastes and crude vegetable oils are good and low-cost sources of nutrients for the growth and production of PHB and other metabolites. Their use would lower the production cost of PHB and the low-cost production will reduce the sailing price of PHB-based products. This would promote the large-scale commercialization and popularization of PHB as an ecofriendly bioplastic/biopolymer.
R. Sayyed; S. Shaikh; S. Wani; Tabish Rehman; Mohammad Al Ajmi; Shafiul Haque; Hesham El Enshasy. Production of Biodegradable Polymer from Agro-Wastes in Alcaligenes sp. and Pseudomonas sp. Molecules 2021, 26, 2443 .
AMA StyleR. Sayyed, S. Shaikh, S. Wani, Tabish Rehman, Mohammad Al Ajmi, Shafiul Haque, Hesham El Enshasy. Production of Biodegradable Polymer from Agro-Wastes in Alcaligenes sp. and Pseudomonas sp. Molecules. 2021; 26 (9):2443.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. Sayyed; S. Shaikh; S. Wani; Tabish Rehman; Mohammad Al Ajmi; Shafiul Haque; Hesham El Enshasy. 2021. "Production of Biodegradable Polymer from Agro-Wastes in Alcaligenes sp. and Pseudomonas sp." Molecules 26, no. 9: 2443.
The present study was aimed to evaluate the suitability of agro-wastes and crude vegetable oils for the cost effective production of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), to evaluate growth kinetics and PHB production in Alcaligenes faecalis RZS4 and Pseudomonas sp. RZS1 with these carbon substrates and to study the biodegradation of PHB accumulated by these cultures. Alcaligenes faecalis RZS4 and Pseudomonas sp. RZS1 accumulate higher amounts of PHB corn (79.90% of dry cell mass) and rice straw (66.22% of dry cell mass) medium respectively. The kinetic model suggests that the Pseudomonas sp. RZS1 follows the Monod model more closely than A. faecalis RZS4. Both the cultures degrade their own PHB extract under the influence of PHB depolymerase. Corn waste and rice straw appear as the best and cost-effective substrates for the sustainable production of PHB from Alcaligenes faecalis RZS4 and Pseudomonas sp. RZS1. The biopolymer accumulated by these organisms is biodegradable in nature. The agro-wastes and crude vegetable oils are good and low cost sources of nutrients for the growth and production of PHN and other metabolites. Their use would lower the production cost of PHN and the low cost production will reduce the sailing price of PHB based products. This would promote the large scale commercialization and popularization of PHB as ecofriendly bioplastic/biopolymer.
R.Z. Sayyed; S. S. Shaikh; S. J. Wani; Tabish Rehman; Mohamed F. Alajmi; Shafiul Haque; Hesham Ali El Enshasy. Production of Biodegradable Polymer From Agro-Wastes in Alcaligenes sp. and Pseudomonas sp. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleR.Z. Sayyed, S. S. Shaikh, S. J. Wani, Tabish Rehman, Mohamed F. Alajmi, Shafiul Haque, Hesham Ali El Enshasy. Production of Biodegradable Polymer From Agro-Wastes in Alcaligenes sp. and Pseudomonas sp. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR.Z. Sayyed; S. S. Shaikh; S. J. Wani; Tabish Rehman; Mohamed F. Alajmi; Shafiul Haque; Hesham Ali El Enshasy. 2021. "Production of Biodegradable Polymer From Agro-Wastes in Alcaligenes sp. and Pseudomonas sp." , no. : 1.
Optimally designed functional foods are considered the most important part of a balanced and healthy diet. Goat meat nuggets, an otherwise healthy option, are packed with undesirable saturated and unsaturated fats. The present work suggests an optimal functional formulation to reduce the surplus fat content of goat meat nuggets by adding two optimally calculated functional ingredients, namely, fenugreek leaves (FL) and psyllium husk (PH). Response surface optimization was performed to determine the optimal content of the functional ingredients (FL and PH), resulting in minimum fat content without affecting the overall acceptability (OA) and other properties representing the taste and texture (e.g., ash content, pH, crude fiber content, and moisture content) of the nuggets. Functional additives at optimum levels successfully reduced the fat content of the weight-conserved nuggets by almost 39% compared with the control nuggets. Minimal and acceptable effects were observed regarding OA and other properties representative of the taste and texture of the nuggets. An optimally designed, fat-attenuated goat meat nugget formulation is therefore prescribed, which complies with the nutritional standards of a balanced diet.
Tahreem Kausar; Mohd Kausar; Saif Khan; Shafiul Haque; Z. Azad. Optimum Additive Composition to Minimize Fat in Functional Goat Meat Nuggets: A Healthy Red Meat Functional Food. Processes 2021, 9, 475 .
AMA StyleTahreem Kausar, Mohd Kausar, Saif Khan, Shafiul Haque, Z. Azad. Optimum Additive Composition to Minimize Fat in Functional Goat Meat Nuggets: A Healthy Red Meat Functional Food. Processes. 2021; 9 (3):475.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTahreem Kausar; Mohd Kausar; Saif Khan; Shafiul Haque; Z. Azad. 2021. "Optimum Additive Composition to Minimize Fat in Functional Goat Meat Nuggets: A Healthy Red Meat Functional Food." Processes 9, no. 3: 475.
The members of the Liliaceae family have been regarded as an excellent source of biologically active compounds. However, the work on antimicrobial potential and characterization of the bioactive fractions of Lilium philadelphicum flower is limited and needs to be explored. The present study reports the antimicrobial potential, anti-inflammatory and anticancer potential of the bioactive fraction extracted from the flower of L. philadelphicum (Red Lily) and characterization of these bioactive compounds. The antimicrobial activity was tested against nine different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of methanolic extract of L. philadelphicum flower against Acinetobacter bouvetii, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Bacillus subtilis MTCC 121, Candida albicans MTCC 183, Klebsiella pneumoniae MTCC 3384, and Salmonella typhi MTCC 537 were 25, 50, 12.5, 50, 100 and 50 μg mL-1, respectively. The phytochemical analysis of the extract reveals the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides, coumarins, and quinones. The cytotoxicity of the partially purified compound against the HepG2 cell line in MTT assay demonstrates up to 90% cell viability with a bioactive compound concentration of 50 μg/ml. However, with the increase in bioactive compound concentration up to 1000 μg/ml results into nearly 80% cell viability, just a minor decline in cell viability suggests the importance of bioactive compounds for suitable therapeutic applications. Spectroscopic studies of the bioactive compound by UV-Visible spectroscopy, FT-Infra Red spectroscopy, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) as well as its phytochemical analysis suggests the presence of terpenoids moiety, responsible for the antimicrobial property of L. philadelphicum flower.
Shefali Singh; Vineeta Singh; Alaa Alhazami; B.N. Mishra; Shafiul Haque; Dilfuza Egamberdieva; R. Z. Sayyed. Lilium Philadelphicum Flower as a Novel Source of Antimicrobial Agents: A Study of Bioactivity, Phytochemical Analysis and Partial Identification of Antimicrobial Metabolites. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleShefali Singh, Vineeta Singh, Alaa Alhazami, B.N. Mishra, Shafiul Haque, Dilfuza Egamberdieva, R. Z. Sayyed. Lilium Philadelphicum Flower as a Novel Source of Antimicrobial Agents: A Study of Bioactivity, Phytochemical Analysis and Partial Identification of Antimicrobial Metabolites. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShefali Singh; Vineeta Singh; Alaa Alhazami; B.N. Mishra; Shafiul Haque; Dilfuza Egamberdieva; R. Z. Sayyed. 2021. "Lilium Philadelphicum Flower as a Novel Source of Antimicrobial Agents: A Study of Bioactivity, Phytochemical Analysis and Partial Identification of Antimicrobial Metabolites." , no. : 1.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a type of brain disorder, wherein a person experiences gradual memory loss, state of confusion, hallucination, agitation, and personality change. AD is marked by the presence of extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and synaptic losses. Increased cases of AD in recent times created a dire need to discover or identify chemical compounds that can cease the development of AD. This study focuses on finding potential drug molecule(s) active against β-secretase, also known as β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1). Clustering analysis followed by phylogenetic studies on microarray datasets retrieved from GEO browser showed that BACE1 gene has genetic relatedness with the RCAN1 gene. A ligand library comprising 60 natural compounds retrieved from literature and 25 synthetic compounds collected from DrugBank were screened. Further, 350 analogues of potential parent compounds were added to the library for the docking purposes. Molecular docking studies identified 11-oxotigogenin as the best ligand molecule. The compound showed the binding affinity of − 11.1 Kcal/mole and forms three hydrogen bonds with Trp124, Ile174, and Arg176. The protein-ligand complex was subjected to 25 ns molecular dynamics simulation and the potential energy of the complex was found to be − 1.24579e+06 Kcal/mole. In this study, 11-oxotigogenin has shown promising results against BACE1, which is a leading cause of AD, hence warrants for in vitro and in vivo validation of the same. In addition, in silico identification of 11-oxotigogenin as a potential anti-AD compound paves the way for designing of chemical scaffolds to discover more potent BACE1 inhibitors. Graphical abstract
Pragya Kushwaha; Vineeta Singh; Pallavi Somvanshi; Tulika Bhardwaj; George E. Barreto; Ghulam Md. Ashraf; Bhartendu Nath Mishra; Rajendra Singh Chundawat; Shafiul Haque. Identification of new BACE1 inhibitors for treating Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Molecular Modeling 2021, 27, 1 -15.
AMA StylePragya Kushwaha, Vineeta Singh, Pallavi Somvanshi, Tulika Bhardwaj, George E. Barreto, Ghulam Md. Ashraf, Bhartendu Nath Mishra, Rajendra Singh Chundawat, Shafiul Haque. Identification of new BACE1 inhibitors for treating Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Molecular Modeling. 2021; 27 (2):1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StylePragya Kushwaha; Vineeta Singh; Pallavi Somvanshi; Tulika Bhardwaj; George E. Barreto; Ghulam Md. Ashraf; Bhartendu Nath Mishra; Rajendra Singh Chundawat; Shafiul Haque. 2021. "Identification of new BACE1 inhibitors for treating Alzheimer’s disease." Journal of Molecular Modeling 27, no. 2: 1-15.
Cell cycle, growth, survival and metabolism are tightly regulated together and failure in cellular regulation leads to carcinogenesis. Several signaling pathways like the PI3K, WNT, MAPK and NFKb pathway exhibit aberrations in cancer and help achieve hallmark capabilities. Clinical research and in vitro studies have highlighted the role of epigenetic alterations in cancer onset and development. Altered gene expression patterns enabled by changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications and RNA processing have proven roles in cancer hallmark acquisition. The reversible nature of epigenetic processes offers robust therapeutic targets. Dietary bioactive compounds offer a vast compendium of effective therapeutic moieties. Isothiocyanates (ITCs) sourced from cruciferous vegetables demonstrate anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-migratory and anti-angiogenic effect against several cancers. ITCs also modulate the redox environment, modulate signaling pathways including PI3K, MAPK, WNT, and NFkB. They also modulate the epigenetic machinery by regulating the expression and activity of DNA methyltransferases, histone modifiers and miRNA. This further enhances their transcriptional modulation of key cellular regulators. In this review, we comprehensively assess the impact of ITCs such as sulforaphane, phenethyl isothiocyanate, benzyl isothiocyanate and allyl isothiocyanate on cancer and document their effect on various molecular targets. Overall, this will facilitate consolidation of the current understanding of the anti-cancer and epigenetic modulatory potential of these compounds and recognize the gaps in literature. Further, we discuss avenues of future research to develop these compounds as potential therapeutic entities.
Madhumitha Kedhari Sundaram; Preetha R; Shafiul Haque; Naseem Akhter; Saif Khan; Saheem Ahmed; Arif Hussain. Dietary isothiocyanates inhibit cancer progression by modulation of epigenome. Seminars in Cancer Biology 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleMadhumitha Kedhari Sundaram, Preetha R, Shafiul Haque, Naseem Akhter, Saif Khan, Saheem Ahmed, Arif Hussain. Dietary isothiocyanates inhibit cancer progression by modulation of epigenome. Seminars in Cancer Biology. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMadhumitha Kedhari Sundaram; Preetha R; Shafiul Haque; Naseem Akhter; Saif Khan; Saheem Ahmed; Arif Hussain. 2021. "Dietary isothiocyanates inhibit cancer progression by modulation of epigenome." Seminars in Cancer Biology , no. : 1.
IntroductionThe role of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) +874 A>T (rs2430561) gene polymorphism has been evaluated in different ethnicities with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) infection, and inconsistent results have been reported. In this study, a meta-analysis was performed to determine the precise association between IFN-γ +874 A>T gene polymorphism and PTB susceptibility.Material and methodsA total of 21 studies comprising 4281 confirmed PTB cases and 5186 healthy controls were included in this meta-analysis by searching the PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, and Google Scholar web-databases.ResultsWe observed reduced risk of PTB in allelic contrast (T vs. A: p = 0.001; OR = 0.818, 95% CI: 0.723–0.926), homozygous (TT vs. AA: p = 0.017; OR = 0.715, 95% CI: 0.543–0.941), heterozygous (AT vs. AA: p = 0.002; OR = 0.782, 95% CI: 0.667–0.917), dominant (TT+AT vs. AA: p = 0.002; OR = 0.768, 95% CI: 0.652–0.906), and recessive (TT vs. AA+AT: p = 0.042; OR = 0.802, 95% CI: 0.649–0.992) genetic models. In ethnicity-wise subgroup analysis, reduced risk of PTB was found in the Caucasian population. However, we did not find an association with any of the genetic models in the Asian population.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the IFN-γ +874 A>T gene polymorphism is significantly associated with reduced risk of PTB, showing a protective effect in the overall and in the Caucasian population. However, this polymorphism is not associated with PTB risk in the Asian population.
Mohammed Y. Areeshi; Raju K. Mandal; Sajad A. Dar; Arshad Jawed; Mohd Wahid; Mohtashim Lohani; Aditya K. Panda; Bhartendu Nath Mishra; Naseem Akhter; Shafiul Haque. IFN-γ +874 A>T (rs2430561) gene polymorphism and risk of pulmonary tuberculosis: a meta-analysis. Archives of Medical Science 2021, 17, 177 -188.
AMA StyleMohammed Y. Areeshi, Raju K. Mandal, Sajad A. Dar, Arshad Jawed, Mohd Wahid, Mohtashim Lohani, Aditya K. Panda, Bhartendu Nath Mishra, Naseem Akhter, Shafiul Haque. IFN-γ +874 A>T (rs2430561) gene polymorphism and risk of pulmonary tuberculosis: a meta-analysis. Archives of Medical Science. 2021; 17 (1):177-188.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammed Y. Areeshi; Raju K. Mandal; Sajad A. Dar; Arshad Jawed; Mohd Wahid; Mohtashim Lohani; Aditya K. Panda; Bhartendu Nath Mishra; Naseem Akhter; Shafiul Haque. 2021. "IFN-γ +874 A>T (rs2430561) gene polymorphism and risk of pulmonary tuberculosis: a meta-analysis." Archives of Medical Science 17, no. 1: 177-188.
To date, several Glucosyltransferase C (GtfC) inhibitors have been identified and experimentally validated. All these inhibitors have been validated at different experimental conditions like degree of purity, animal models, kinetic conditions, experimental environment etc.; and most of these inhibitors (ligands) proved to be quite effective in their respective validation environment. However, due to varied experimental validation conditions, and absence of molecular interaction data, there is no way to prioritize these validated ligands for their inhibition potential against GtfC. The present study is a novel attempt of comparative evaluation of the interaction of the validated ligands on a single platform and under similar conditions with a dual objective, i.e. ligand prioritization for their respective inhibitory potential and elucidation of the involved unknown molecular interactions. Carbohydrate derivatives (6-Deoxy sucrose and Trichloro-galactosucrose) were identified as the most promising GtfC inhibitors. In addition, Asp588, Trp517, and Asn481 amino acid residues of the domain A1 proved vital for the inhibitory effect. The study highlights the importance of the comparative analysis of the validated ligands in order to identify the most promising leads for drug discovery against dental caries.
Hazza A. Alhobeira; Mohammed Al Mogbel; Saif Khan; Mahvish Khan; Shafiul Haque; Pallavi Somvanshi; Mohd Wahid; Raju K. Mandal. Prioritization and characterization of validated biofilm blockers targeting glucosyltransferase C of Streptococcus mutans. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 2021, 49, 335 -344.
AMA StyleHazza A. Alhobeira, Mohammed Al Mogbel, Saif Khan, Mahvish Khan, Shafiul Haque, Pallavi Somvanshi, Mohd Wahid, Raju K. Mandal. Prioritization and characterization of validated biofilm blockers targeting glucosyltransferase C of Streptococcus mutans. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology. 2021; 49 (1):335-344.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHazza A. Alhobeira; Mohammed Al Mogbel; Saif Khan; Mahvish Khan; Shafiul Haque; Pallavi Somvanshi; Mohd Wahid; Raju K. Mandal. 2021. "Prioritization and characterization of validated biofilm blockers targeting glucosyltransferase C of Streptococcus mutans." Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology 49, no. 1: 335-344.
Background: The global health emergency due to SARS-CoV-2 causing the COVID-19 pandemic emphasized the scientific community to intensify their research work for its therapeutic solution. In this study, Indian traditional spices owing to various medicinal properties were tested in silico for their inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2 proteins. SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins (SP) and main proteases (Mpro) play a significant role in infection development were considered as potential drug targets. Methods: A total of 75 phytochemicals present in traditional Indian spices retrieved from the published literature and Dr. Duke’s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Database, were docked with Mpro (PDB IDs: 6YNQ), and the SP (PDB IDs: 6LXT and 6YOR). Results: Through the screening process, 75 retrieved phytochemicals were docked with spike protein (PDB IDs: 6LXT and 6YOR) and main protease (PDB ID: 6YNQ) of SARS-CoV-2. Among them, myricetin, a flavonoid (rank score: 6LXT: -11.72383; 6YOR: -9.87943; 6YNQ: -11.68164) from Allium sativumL and Isovitexin, an example of flavone (rank score:6LXT: -12.14922; 6YOR: -10.19443; 6YNQ: - 12.60603) from Pimpinella anisumL were the most potent ligands against SP and Mproof SARS-CoV-2. Whereas, Astragalin from Crocus sativusL.; Rutin from Illicium verum, Oxyguttiferone from Garcinia cambogia; Scopolin from Apium graveolens L, Luteolin from Salvia officinalis, Emodin, Aloe-emodin from Cinnamomum zeylanicium and Apigenin from Allium sativumL showed better inhibition against Mpro than SP of SARS-CoV-2. The amino acid residues like SER, LYS, ASP and TYR were found playing important role in protein-ligand interactions via hydrogen bonding and Vander Waals forces. Conclusion: Optimal use of traditional spices in our daily meals may help fight against COVID-19. This study also paves the path for herbal drug formulation against SARS-CoV-2 after wet lab validation.
Brijesh Kumar; Sama Zaidi; Shafiul Haque; Nandita Dasgupta; Arif Hussain; Sreepoorna Unni; Vineeta Singh; Bhartendu Nath Mishra. In silico studies reveal antiviral effects of traditional Indian spices on COVID-19. Current Pharmaceutical Design 2020, 26, 1 -20.
AMA StyleBrijesh Kumar, Sama Zaidi, Shafiul Haque, Nandita Dasgupta, Arif Hussain, Sreepoorna Unni, Vineeta Singh, Bhartendu Nath Mishra. In silico studies reveal antiviral effects of traditional Indian spices on COVID-19. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2020; 26 ():1-20.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBrijesh Kumar; Sama Zaidi; Shafiul Haque; Nandita Dasgupta; Arif Hussain; Sreepoorna Unni; Vineeta Singh; Bhartendu Nath Mishra. 2020. "In silico studies reveal antiviral effects of traditional Indian spices on COVID-19." Current Pharmaceutical Design 26, no. : 1-20.
Background: The main proteases (Mpro) and Spike Proteins (SP) of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) play a major role in viral infection development by producing several non-structural proteins (nsPs) and penetrating the host cells respectively. In this study, the potential of in silico molecular docking-based drug repositioning approach was exploited for identifying the inhibitors of Mpro and SP of SARS-CoV-2. Methods: A total of 196 compounds including various US-FDA-approved drugs, vitamins and their analogs were docked with Mpro (PDB IDs: 6YB7 and 6Y84), and the top six ligands were further tested for ADME properties followed by docking with SP (PDB IDs: 6LXT and 6W41). Results: Out of 196 compounds, binding energy (DE) of Silybin B (6YB7: DE: -11.20 kcal/mol; 6Y84: DE: -10.18 kcal/mol; 6LXT:DE: -10.47 kcal/mol; 6W41:DE: -10.96 kcal/mol) and Cianidanol (6YB7:DE: -8.85 kcal/mol; 6Y84:DE:-10.02 kcal/mol; 6LXT:DE:-9.36 kcal/mol; 6W41:DE: -9.52 kcal/mol) demonstrated better binding and ADME properties compared with the currently endeavored drugs like Hydroxychloroquine and Lopinavir. Additionally, Elliptinone, Diospyirin, SCHEMBL94263 and Fiboflavin have shown encouraging results. Fiboflavin, an immunity booster, was found to inhibit both the Mpro and spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. It was observed that amino acid residues MET6, ALA7, PHE8, PRO9, ASP295, GLY302, VAL303 and THR304 play significant roles in protein-ligand interactions through hydrogen bonds and Vander Waals forces. Conclusion: Silybin B and Cianidanol showed excellent binding and ADME properties compared with the currently endeavored drugs and can be exploited as therapeutic options against SARS-CoV-2 infection after experimental validation and clinical trials.
Rashi Srivastava; Shubham Tripathi; Sreepoorna Unni; Arif Hussain; Shafiul Haque; Nandita Dasgupta; Vineeta Singh; Bhartendu Nath Mishra. Silybin B and Cianidanol Inhibit M pro and Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2: Evidence from in Silico Molecular Docking Studies. Current Pharmaceutical Design 2020, 26, 1 -16.
AMA StyleRashi Srivastava, Shubham Tripathi, Sreepoorna Unni, Arif Hussain, Shafiul Haque, Nandita Dasgupta, Vineeta Singh, Bhartendu Nath Mishra. Silybin B and Cianidanol Inhibit M pro and Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2: Evidence from in Silico Molecular Docking Studies. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 2020; 26 ():1-16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRashi Srivastava; Shubham Tripathi; Sreepoorna Unni; Arif Hussain; Shafiul Haque; Nandita Dasgupta; Vineeta Singh; Bhartendu Nath Mishra. 2020. "Silybin B and Cianidanol Inhibit M pro and Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2: Evidence from in Silico Molecular Docking Studies." Current Pharmaceutical Design 26, no. : 1-16.
The exchange of genes between bacterial chromosome and plasmid(s) and their integration into integrons are mainly responsible for acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance. We investigated the role of integrons and their underlying molecular mechanisms leading to development of adaptability in E. coli and eventual resistance to antimicrobials. Escherichia coli isolates (n = 120); including 40 diarrheagenic isolates, an even number of isolates from cases other than diarrhea, and equal number of isolates from healthy children recovered from fresh stool samples were used for identification of integron genes and gene cassettes. The association of integrons with antibiotic resistance was assayed before phylogenetic analysis. DNA sequence analysis revealed class 1 and 2 integrons in 55.83% and 21.66% isolates, respectively. The integron presence was found significantly associated with the probability of antibiotic resistance in E. coli; the association being highest with class 1 integron. Modelling and molecular docking along with molecular dynamics simulation analyses found ceftriaxone and amoxicillin as potential inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). The class 1 integrons of these pathogenic isolates can serve as prospective therapeutic targets using specific silencing strategies and combinational antimicrobial therapy. The findings may be useful for the development of a potent and versatile drug for DHFR inhibition.
Taru Singh; Sajad A. Dar; Saurabh Singh; Chandra Shekhar; Sayim Wani; Naseem Akhter; Nasreena Bashir; Shafiul Haque; Abrar Ahmad; Shukla Das. Integron mediated antimicrobial resistance in diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in children: in vitro and in silico analysis. Microbial Pathogenesis 2020, 150, 104680 .
AMA StyleTaru Singh, Sajad A. Dar, Saurabh Singh, Chandra Shekhar, Sayim Wani, Naseem Akhter, Nasreena Bashir, Shafiul Haque, Abrar Ahmad, Shukla Das. Integron mediated antimicrobial resistance in diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in children: in vitro and in silico analysis. Microbial Pathogenesis. 2020; 150 ():104680.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTaru Singh; Sajad A. Dar; Saurabh Singh; Chandra Shekhar; Sayim Wani; Naseem Akhter; Nasreena Bashir; Shafiul Haque; Abrar Ahmad; Shukla Das. 2020. "Integron mediated antimicrobial resistance in diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in children: in vitro and in silico analysis." Microbial Pathogenesis 150, no. : 104680.