Given the high risk of severe accidents at level crossings (LCs), this study examined legal and illegal crossings by pedestrians and cyclists at a high-traffic LC in Zagreb, Croatia. Survey data and field observations were collected to identify reasons for risky behaviour. Behaviour was observed under normal conditions and in the presence of various safety measures in order to identify measures that can reduce risky behaviour. Results show that the presence of police officer at the LC was most effective at reducing illegal crossings, while the presence of cameras contributes significantly as well, especially after safety educational campaign when illegal crossing decreases for 59.23%. We can assume that in future the improvement regarding human behaviour on LC could be made with cameras on LC and more frequent educational campaigns. This is the first reported use of field survey and video surveillance methods to analyse user behaviour at LCs in Croatia.

The development of inland terminals helps seaports mitigate inevitable storage capacity problems, extending their gravitational field and strengthening their competitive advantage. Optimizing the container storage, efficiency, and productivity of seaports and inland terminals is becoming increasingly important. The present paper develops a network-based mathematical model to optimize the location assignment of inbound containers at inland terminals. The model’s assumptions are based on the analysis of criteria at representative European inland terminals, and the model aims to reduce unproductive manipulations. The present study is one of the few to develop a single model that integrates all important criteria for container location assignment, including a container’s dimensions, its occupancy, cargo type, the container’s owner, and distance to the final user. These criteria are important for the terminal operator so that they can determine container locations in a way that minimizes unproductive manipulations. Data from a single inland terminal were used to validate the model within the FlexSim CT simulation environment. Our results suggest that the model can reduce unproductive manipulations and associated costs at inland terminals.

Level crossing (LC) accidents are a significant safety challenge worldwide and for that reason they have been subject of numerous research activities. Joint conclusion is that human behaviour is the main cause of accidents. This study examines how and to which extent certain influential parameters cause accident mechanisms on level crossings. To gain the necessary data we used an on-line survey questionnaire that was sent internationally to key experts in the field of road and railway safety. A total of 185 experts were asked to rank how much certain parameters influence level crossings accident mechanisms and what are the best countermeasures for diminishing accidents at level crossings. To our knowledge, this is the first time that an international survey among key experts was used to gain necessary data about influential parameters regarding level crossings safety. The results of this study could be used by road and railway traffic engineers and policy makers for further enhancement of LC’s safety.

This paper presents the analysis of the implementation of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in solving problems in the area of transport. The transport sector is currently one of the most important sectors, and an efficient transport system requires continuous planning. Investments in transport infrastructure are projects that have specific characteristics. These projects have an extremely long lifetime (some thirty years), are not profit-oriented, are usually financed by the state of the local administration, and are primarily for social use. The decision-making process, which includes making decisions on investments, is extremely complex. The decision-maker has to envisage the future, and consequently make decisions in a modern and flexible manner. The methods used in the process of evaluating the investment projects in transport are numerous and usually distinguished by the optimization criteria. The projects can be evaluated through the prism of a single criterion or several criteria. The most common optimization criterion is the economic system; however, long-term and high-quality solutions require the introduction of other optimization criteria such as technological, technical, ecological and many others. Therefore, in such situations it is essential to implement multi-criteria decision methods which will eventually result in making the optimal decision. It will be determined in the paper to what extent the AHP method is implemented regarding transport problems and for which categories of transport problems.

This paper is focused on the regional railway track line R201 which begins at the Zaprešić railway station (who is a part of the M101 railway line - part of this Mediterranean corridor) and it separates itself from the international Mediterranean TEN-T corridor. In the forthcoming period is planned electrification and modernization of the R201 railway line, so this paper will be focused on capacity calculation as well on the utilization of the new available capacity. There will be made simulation, with the Opentrack program package for railway simulation, of the possibility to equip this line with the ETCS Level 1 and Level 2 safety systems and then it will be made comparation of the results (available capacity) obtained by simulations with the results without having equipped track with these modern safety systems. As the main idea of electrification and modernization of this track is to include her in the suburban passenger system of the city of Zagreb and to transport freight by railway, there will be given some suggestions how to improve capacity utilization.

Background: The increasing complexity of global supply chains and environmental expectations has highlighted the strategic importance of digital transformation in the transport, forwarding, and logistics (TFL) sector. Despite a growing portfolio of available tools, adoption rates—particularly among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Central and Eastern Europe—remain low. This study investigates the barriers and motivations related to the implementation of digital planning tools supporting intermodal transport planning. Methods: A structured online survey was conducted among 80 Polish TFL enterprises, targeting decision-makers responsible for operational and digital strategies. The questionnaire included 17 closed and semi-open questions grouped into three thematic sections: tool usage, implementation barriers, and digital readiness. Results: The findings indicate that only 20% of respondents use dedicated route planning tools, and merely 10% report satisfaction with their performance. Key barriers include lack of awareness, organizational inertia, and the prioritization of other initiatives, with financial cost cited less frequently. While environmental sustainability is declared as a priority by most enterprises, digital support for emission tracking is limited. The results highlight the need for targeted education, integration support, and differentiated platform functionalities for SMEs and larger firms. Conclusions: This study offers evidence-based recommendations for developers, policymakers, and logistics managers aiming to accelerate digital adoption in the intermodal logistics landscape.