This work uses a probabilistic method to combine two unique datasets of real world electric vehicle charging profiles and residential smart meter load demand. The data was used to study the impact of the uptake of Electric Vehicles (EVs) on electricity distribution networks. Two real networks representing an urban and rural area, and a generic network representative of a heavily loaded UK distribution network were used. The findings show that distribution networks are not a homogeneous group with a variation of capabilities to accommodate EVs and there is a greater capability than previous studies have suggested. Consideration of the spatial and temporal diversity of EV charging demand has been demonstrated to reduce the estimated impacts on the distribution networks. It is suggested that distribution network operators could collaborate with new market players, such as charging infrastructure operators, to support the roll out of an extensive charging infrastructure in a way that makes the network more robust; create more opportunities for demand side management; and reduce planning uncertainties associated with the stochastic nature of EV charging demand

The anticipated high penetrations of small-scale embedded generators (SSEGs) on public low-voltage (LV) distribution networks are likely to present distribution network operators (DNOs) with a number of technical impacts relating to power quality, distribution system efficiency and potential equipment overloads. Impact studies need to be performed using suitable case study networks in order to evaluate the effects of SSEGs on LV distribution networks and quantify allowable SSEG penetration levels. The aim is to propose a methodology for predicting the technical impacts of SSEGs on LV networks without the need for developing a detailed computer-based model of the power system and simulating a range of operating scenarios. This methodology is drawn from an analysis of the key electrical characteristics that determine the response of LV networks to the addition of SSEGs, focusing on the following technical aspects: (i) voltage regulation, (ii) voltage rise, (iii) voltage unbalance, (iv) cable and transformer thermal limits and (v) network losses. The analysis is carried out on a UK generic and a European generic LV network and simulation results for both networks are presented and discussed. The proposed methodology is then applied to an existing public UK LV network operated by E.ON UK Central Networks, indicating a good agreement between predicted and simulation results.