Background: Immunosuppressive drugs, incomplete vaccine coverage, immune system dysregulation might be factors of a low level of anti-vaccine antibodies in JIA patients. The study aimed to evaluate vaccine coverage, post-vaccine immunity, and risk factors of non-protective levels of antibodies against measles, mumps, rubella, hepatitis B, and diphtheria in JIA patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 170 children diagnosed with JIA aged 2 to 17 years who received routine vaccinations against measles, rubella, mumps (MMR), diphtheria, and hepatitis B national vaccine schedule. In all patients, the levels of post-vaccination antibodies (IgG) for measles, rubella, mumps, hepatitis B, and diphtheria were measured with ELISA. Results: Protective level of antibodies were 50% against hepatitis B, 52% - diphtheria, 58% - measles, 80% - mumps, 98% rubella. MMR’s best coverage had patients with enthesitis-related arthritis-85%, compared to oligoarthritis-70%, polyarthritis-69%, systemic arthritis-63%. Diphtheria coverage was 50, 51, 46, 63%, respectively. Incomplete MMR vaccination had 39% patients, treated with biologics, 22% with methotrexate and 14% with NSAID (p = 0.025), and 61, 46, 36% for diphtheria (p = 0.021). Incomplete vaccination was a risk factor of non-protective level of antibodies against measles (HR = 2.03 [95%CI: 1.02; 4.0], p = 0.042), mumps (HR = 6.25 [95%CI: 2.13; 17.9], p = 0.0008) and diphtheria (HR = 2.39 [95%CI: 1.18; 4.85], p = 0.016) vaccines, as well as JIA category, biologics, corticosteroids and long-term methotrexate treatment for distinct vaccines. One-third part of JIA patients continued vaccination against MMR and diphtheria without serious adverse events and JIA flare. There were no differences between patients who continued MMR vaccination or denied in the means of JIA category and treatment options. Patients, continued diphtheria vaccination rare received methotrexate (p = 0.02), biologics (p = 0.004), but had higher levels of anti-diphtheria antibodies (p = 0.024) compare who omitted vaccination. Methotrexate (OR = 9.5 [95%CI: 1.004; 90.3]) and biologics (OR = 4.4 [95%CI: 1.6; 12.1]) were predictors of omitted diphtheria revaccination. Conclusion: Children with JIA may have lower anti-vaccine antibody levels and required routine checks, especially in children with incomplete vaccination, biologics, systemic arthritis, and long-term methotrexate treatment. Revaccination of JIA patients was safe and effective.

The formation of biobanks in the structure of scientific and treatment and diagnostic institutions with prospects for interregional integration is a fundamental link in monitoring and predicting diseases of various origins, creating and testing highly effective diagnostics, and developing novel therapeutic agents. Aim . To describe standard operating procedures and principles for the formation of bioresource collections (BRC) in medical institutions with biobanking. Material and methods . The data of scientific and practical biomedical projects using BRC obtained from patients with genetic, multifactorial and infectious diseases in St. Petersburg and Surgut are presented. As of September 2022, the BRC collected on the basis of the Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency includes biosamples from 1619 patients, and the BRC collected in the Medical Institute of Surgut State University includes biosamples from 450 patients and healthy individuals of different sex and age. The selection of biosamples from apparently healthy individuals and patients with various diseases can serve as a strategically important resource for future research in terms of etiology, epidemiology, the development of regulatory environment and scales, innovations in the development of diagnostic approaches and treatment of the Russian population.

Human herpes virus 6A (HHV-6A) is able to integrate into the telomeric and subtelomeric regions of human chromosomes representing chromosomally integrated HHV-6A (ciHHV-6A). The integration starts from the right direct repeat (DR_R) region. It has been shown experimentally that perfect telomeric repeats (pTMR) in the DR_R region are required for the integration, while the absence of the imperfect telomeric repeats (impTMR) only slightly reduces the frequency of HHV-6 integration cases. The aim of this study was to determine whether telomeric repeats within DR_R may define the chromosome into which the HHV-6A integrates. We analysed 66 HHV-6A genomes obtained from public databases. Insertion and deletion patterns of DR_R regions were examined. We also compared TMR within the herpes virus DR_R and human chromosome sequences retrieved from the Telomere-to-Telomere consortium. Our results show that telomeric repeats in DR_R in circulating and ciHHV-6A have an affinity for all human chromosomes studied and thus do not define a chromosome for integration.

Purpose: To characterize clinical and laboratory features of infectious mononucleosis (IM) of EBV and HHV-6 etiology among children. Material and methods. A single-center prospective study was performed at Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases in 2021 — 2022, which included 84 patients with IM EBV (n = 40), HHV-6 (n = 11), EBV + HHV-6 (n = 33). Methods of laboratory diagnostics were clinical, biochemical blood tests, qualitative and quantitative PCR of blood (whole blood, plasma) to herpesvirus 4—6 types. Results. Patients with EBV IM were significantly older than children with HHV-6 IM and EBV + + HHV-6 IM (р ≤ 0,004). The main complaint of patients was fever (median 39,0°С, Q1—Q3 38,5—39,3°С). Nasal stuffiness (93%), tonsillitis (86%), peripheral cervical lymphadenopathy (100%) dominated among clinical manifestations in all groups. Splenomegaly was noted more rarely than hepatomegaly in children. There were no significant differences in the level of leukocytes among patients (р > 0,05). Increased values of lymphocytes, atypical mononuclear cells, hepatic cytolysis syndrome were characteristic of EBV-monoinfection (р ≤ 0,007). On the contrary, level of neutrophils was significantly higher in the HHV-6 IM group. Genotype HHV-6B was detected in 100% of cases. Assay of EBV viral load showed following: this indicator in plasma (р = 0,0008) and whole blood (р = 0,028) in EBV patients was significantly higher than among EBV + HHV-6 IM. A direct moderate correlation was found between viral loads in different human fluids (r = 0,413, р < 0,05). Conclusions. The results emphasize the importance of clinical and etiological diagnosis, including HHV-6 determination, for the well-timed registration of children with IM and their coverage with regular medical check-up.

Цель: охарактеризовать клинико-этиологические особенности невропатии лицевого нерва у детей разного возраста на современном этапе и их связь с исходом и длительностью заболевания. Материалы и методы: проанализированы истории болезни 68 детей с невропатией лицевого нерва. Всем детям в остром периоде проводился клинико-неврологический осмотр с оценкой уровня поражения лицевого нерва и степени тяжести НЛН с использованием шкалы Хаус – Бракманна, сопутствующих симптомов, этиологическая верификация возможного инфекционного агента, их связь с исходами и длительностью течения заболевания. Результаты: в этиологической структуре у детей младше 12 лет чаще встречаются инфекционные невропатии лицевого нерва, с преобладанием герпес-вирусных и энтеровирусных, тогда как у детей старше 12 лет более половины случаев составляют идиопатические невропатии лицевого нерва (паралич Белла), реже герпесвирусные. Более длительное течение и вероятность неблагоприятного исхода в виде остаточного прозопареза достоверно чаще наблюдаются в группе детей младше 12 лет. Также определена достоверная корреляционная связь степени тяжести невропатии лицевого нерва по шкале Хаус – Бракманна с исходами и длительностью заболевания. Заключение: полученные нами результаты подтверждают важность и необходимость лабораторной верификации возможного этиологического агента, ассоциированного с развитием невропатии лицевого нерва. Установлено, что степень тяжести невропатии лицевого нерва не зависит от возраста ребенка, но коррелирует с исходом и длительностью заболевания, в меньшей степени с развитием синкинезий. Перспективным направлением дальнейших исследований является уточнение климатических факторов, влияющих на частоту возникновения невропатии лицевого нерва.