The phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of four edible flowers—Orange marigold, yellow marigold, rose geranium, and Rosa de Santa Teresinha—were evaluated to explore their potential as natural antioxidants. Rosa de Santa Teresinha exhibited the highest total phenol content (83.34 ± 2.09 mg GA g⁻¹ DW) and ortho-diphenol content (168.91 ± 0.15 mg GA g⁻¹ DW), while the marigolds showed significantly lower levels (~17 mg GA g⁻¹ DW for total phenols). Antioxidant activity, determined via ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays, ranged from 0.11 to 0.96 mmol Trolox g⁻¹ DW, with rose geranium and Rosa de Santa Teresinha achieving the highest values. Theoretical antioxidant contributions, calculated based on the identified phenolic compounds, accounted for only a small fraction of the measured activity, with observed values exceeding predictions by factors of 56 to 1416, indicating the presence of synergistic interactions and additional bioactive compounds. Multivariate analyses (PCA and PLS regression) identified luteolin-7-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-galactoside as primary contributors to antioxidant capacity. These results underscore the importance of synergistic effects in edible flowers and highlight their potential as functional ingredients for nutraceutical applications.

The growing demand for sustainable and healthy practices has led to an increased interest in the electrolyzed water (EW) application. This technology has garnered widespread acceptance as a sanitizer within the food industry. It also enhances the nutritional, functional, and sensory properties of food products to improve quality and safety. This review undertakes a comprehensive review of the recent advancements in electrolysis technology, exploring its applications in fruits and meat industry and its impact on nutritional, functional, microbiological, safety, and sensory characteristics. It is concluded that the EW should be considered an essential component of industrial equipment sanitization and food product decontamination by offering antimicrobial benefits and promoting functional component accumulation. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of EW can be compromised by the presence of organic matter and equipment corrosion. Furthermore, it provides a concise overview of EW generation, elucidates the influential factors governing its production, and delineates prospective directions for research and development in this field.

Drought is a disaster around the world accumulating salt and ero-sion in lands. Presently, a research was conducted to determine the morpho-physiological response in bread wheat under normal and stress irrigations. This experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Hy-derabad, Pakistan, for two consecutive years during the Rabi season of the year 2011-12 and 2012-13. Stress was imposed by withhold-ing irrigations at three different growth stages of the plant, i.e. T1: normal irrigations applied, T2: stress at tillering stage, and T3: stress at the booting stage. The progenies Sarsabz x Khirman and Sarsabz x TD-1 contributed the highest heritability% (81.0% and 85.5%) for osmotic potential (-MPa) at stress at booting stage. For grain yield spike-1(g), the progeny Kiran-95 x Khirman showed maximum her-itability as 84.37 in T3. However, the progeny TD-1 x Imdad proved to be the best combiner progeny indicating highest heritability per-centage (91.0%) among the progenies for grain yield at booting stress.

The increasing demand by consumers for popular healthy fruits, such as the watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), generate substantial bio-wastes, making it imperative to harness the value of these by-products. Watermelon has low-calorie content and several other nutritional benefits that make it suitable for weight management and heart-healthy diets. Within this article, the nutritional composition and bioactives of watermelon which are strongly linked to the prevention of cardiovascular disorders (CVD), cancer, and age-related conditions, will be thoroughly reviewed. In addition, the therapeutic potential effects of watermelon consumption, such as anti-inflammatory, cardio-protective and anti-cancer properties, are also examined, with emphasis to the importance of incorporating watermelon into regular diets for overall health improvement. Additionally, the study explores various applications of watermelon by-products in functional foods, contributing to meeting recommended daily nutrient allowances, as well as in other functional products like cosmetics, with health promoting properties. In conclusion, this comprehensive review underscores the role of watermelon and its by-products for the development of products that can contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases and promote overall well-being

This study investigated the impact of various processing methods sun drying, dehydration, frying and cooking) on nutritional and phytochemical profile of wild melon ( Cucumis melo var. agrestis ). Proximate analysis revealed that drying methods enhanced the concentration of essential nutrients, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fibre, due to moisture reduction. Frying led to an increase in fat content but reduced specific heat‐sensitive vitamins and antioxidants. Cooking resulted in varying phytochemical changes, with some compounds degrading while others became more bioavailable. Notably, sun drying and dehydration preserved higher levels of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, enhancing the antioxidant potential of wild melon. These findings highlight the impact of processing on nutrient retention and phytochemical stability, underscoring the need for optimized techniques to maximize its nutritional benefits. Further research is recommended to assess these nutrients' bioavailability and functional health benefits. Practical Application : Through a systematic examination of different processing methods, the research provides novel insights into how these methods influence the melon's nutritional composition and phytochemistry. The findings demonstrate that sun‐drying optimizes proximate composition, while thermal drying enhances mineral composition. Additionally, the study highlights the preservation of bioactive compounds in fresh samples and the concentration of organic acids in dried samples. This work advances the field of food science by offering a foundation for optimizing processing methods to enhance traditional foods' nutritional and phytochemical profiles, with significant implications for food fortification, preservation, and security.

Prosopis cineraria is a large perennial, therapeutic and multi-use tree of the family Fabaceae. Locally, it is known as ‘khejri or Kandi.’ Kandi is also called “desert’s king” with homeopathic worth. The plant is rich in bioactive compounds such as heneicosanoic acid, methyl heptacosanoate, 4-hydroxy benzoic acid and methyl 2-methoxy-5-hydroxycinnamate, methyl 4-hydroxycinnamate and O-Coumaroylglycrol which are accountable for many pharmacological actions. The literature was taken from peer-reviewed scientific publications from the database i.e., google scholar using keywords Kandi, Phyto-chemistry, Prosopis cineraria, etc. This review aims at relating the description, taxonomical organization and phytochemical outlines of Prosopis cineraria. It is concluded that the Thar desert is suitable for several tropical and sub-tropical drought-tolerant plants with numerous health benefits and other uses. It is therefore suggested that proper care and utilization of such drought-prone plants should be focused to combat emerging diseases. It was detected from the research studies that khejri has huge aids due to pharmaceutical and remedial value. It is used to cure many chronic diseases without showing side effects. Different pests attack can damage the tree of which approx. 153 species are examined universally. The pests grow extreme during winter while low in summer.