Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial disorder that leads to alterations in gene regulation. ncRNAs have the characteristics of tissue specificity, disease specificity, timing specificity, high stability and post transcriptional regulation effect. These preconditions are more conducive to promote ncRNA to become a new biomarker for clinical diagnosis. Our study aims to explore the relationship between circRNA, lncRNA, miRNA and T2DM, and to evaluate their diagnostic value for T2DM. A total of 101 pairs of T2DM and controls were conducted in the study. QRT-PCR was used to study the differential expression of circRNAs, miRNAs and lncRNAs. ROC curve was used to estimate their diagnostic value in T2DM. Compared with healthy controls, the expression levels of hsa_circ_0071106, hsa_circ_0000284, hsa_circ_0071271, hsa-miR-29a-5p, hsa-miR-3690, hsa-miR-607, lncRNA MEG3 and lncRNA TUG1were higher in T2DM (all P < 0.05). The AUCs of hsa_circ_0071106, hsa-miR-607 and lncRNA TUG1 for diagnosis of T2DM were 0.563,0.645 and 0.642, respectively. The combined AUC of hsa-miR-607, lncRNA TUG1 and hsa_circ_0071106 was 0.798 ([0.720~0.875], P < 0.001). Moreover, the sensitivity of combined diagnosis was 75.2% and the specificity was 100.0%. The levels of lncRNA TUG1, hsa-miR-607 and hsa_circ_0071106 in peripheral blood have potential clinical diagnostic value for T2DM.

Objective: We aimed to determine the clinical prognostic factors of chronic rhinosinusitis after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in order to better guide the management of patients. Methods: A total of 254 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis after ESS with a follow-up of 24 months were evaluated retrospectively. Clinical grouping, hyperplasia of the ethmoid bone, anatomic variations, allergy, polyps, previous sinonasal surgery and recurrent polyps were analyzed. Results: The success rates were 64.4 and 91.9% with and without hyperplasia of the ethmoid bone, 87.6 and 86.4% with and without anatomic variations, 67.9 and 92.0% with and without allergy, 81.0 and 94.0% with and without polyps, 72.8 and 93.6% with and without history of surgery and 52.3 and 94.3% with and without recurrent polyps. In logistic multiple regression analysis, allergy (p = 0.0002; estimate, –4.2094), nasal polyps (p = 0.0007; estimate, –3.6393) and history of surgery (p < 0.0001; estimate, –5.0938) were found to reach a statistically significant level. Conclusions: We propose that allergy, polyps and history of surgery might be significant indicators of poor prognosis after ESS.

We explored has_circ_0071106 as a diagnostic marker for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in south China, and predicted the functional mechanism of the target circRNA. A total of 107 T2DM patients and 107 healthy reference persons were included as the research objects. In the first stage, the circRNA microarray was used to detect the peripheral blood of 4 T2DM and 4 control groups to screen the differential expression profile of circRNA. In the second stage, four circRNAs were screened from the differential expression profiles of circRNA, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) technology was used to verify the blood samples of 103 T2DM and 103 controls. Finally, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis in bioinformatics were used to predict the functional mechanism of target circRNA. Lastly,we found that has_circ_0071106 increase the risk of T2DM (OR=2.819 (95% CI: 1.415~5.616)). Thearea under the ROCcurve has_circ_0071106 was 0.690, the sensitivity was 62.1%, and the specificity was 69.9%. The function prediction results showed that has_circ_0071106 was involved in biological processes such as protein binding, gene transcription, and may be involved in the pathway of hsa-miR-29a-5p regulating diabetes, has_circ_0071106 may be used as a diagnostic marker for T2DM.

Whether miR-29a-5p is associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) is still a subject of ongoing discussion. The current research examines the involvement of miR-29a-5p in regulating apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) generated by high glucose (HG). Additionally, we are interested in analyzing the contribution of miR-29a-5p in developing DR. We obtained peripheral blood samples from 7 people with DR and 14 individuals without DR. Subsequently, we conducted biochemical indices analyses and qRT-PCR. We randomly divided RGCs into low glucose groups, HG groups, HG + inhibitor negative control groups, and HG + miR-29a-5p inhibitor groups. SIRT3 siRNA was transfected into RGCs through lipofectamine 3000 reagent. Cell vitality was detected by MTT; qRT-PCR was applied to identify miR-29a-5p expression; Detection of ROS, SOD, and MDA levels was quantified using the DCFH-DA, WST-1, and colorimetric methods, respectively; IL-6 and TNF-α contents were analyzed utilizing ELISA; Dual-luciferase gene reporter experiment was used to examine if SIRT3 is the specific target gene of miR-29a-5p; Flow cytometry evaluated apoptosis in RGCs; The technique of Western blotting identified the expression of Caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 proteins. The expression of miR-29a-5p was markedly elevated in individuals with DR, and it had positive correlations with levels of total cholesterol (TC) and fasting blood glucose (FBG). The combination of miR-29a-5p, total cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG) exhibits significant diagnostic value for DR, demonstrating both high sensitivity and specificity. High glucose stimulated the expression of miR-29a-5p in RGCs and worsened cellular oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptotic levels. Transfection of miR-29a-5p inhibitor protected RGCs against HG-induced oxidative injury, inflammation, and apoptosis. Furthermore, the dual-luciferase reporter experiment provided confirmation that SIRT3 was a target gene of miR-29a-5p, as it negatively regulated SIRT3 expression. Notably, SIRT3 knockdown abolished the protection of miR-29a-5p inhibition on RGCs. Suppression of the miR-29a-5p gene safeguards RGCs against injury caused by high glucose via boosting SIRT3 signaling, which might provide a new prevention and treatment strategy for DR.