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In this chapter, CH3CH2NH3SnI3/TiO2 heterojunction lead-free perovskite solar cell (HLFPSCs) is produced by the deposition of perovskite nanoparticles from a solution of CH3CH2NH3I and SnI3 in γ-hydroxyl butyric acid lactone on a 400 nm nanolayers of TiO2 showing (001) planes. The CH3CH2NH3SnI3 /TiO2 HLFSCs shows remarkable PV performance, with Jsc= 17.05 mA/cm2, Voc = 0.71 V, and FF = 0.61; resultant PCE of 6.5% in standard AM 1.5 G one-sun light intensity and PCE of 7.5% in lower light intensity was reported in this work. The beginning of such a simple solution treated HLFPSCs paves the way to appreciate low-cost, high-efficiency LFPSCs.

This study examines the structural, optical, and morphological characteristics of Methylammonium lead halide perovskites (MAPbX3) as potential solar cell candidates. Variable band gaps, extended carrier lifetimes, high absorption coefficients, and solution-processable synthesis techniques are among the numerous advantages of these perovskites. The Hot-Injection Method (HIM) is employed in the study to further investigate the unique properties of MAPbX3 perovskites, which is cost-effective and does not require vacuum. MAPbBr3 and MAPbCl3 crystallize in a cubic phase, whereas MAPbI3 crystallizes in a tetragonal phase. The halide versions exhibit morphological differences, with MAPbCl3 exhibiting cubic nanocrystals, MAPbI3 forming a combination of rods and spherical nanocrystals, and MAPbBr3 exhibiting particulate structures. TRPL experiments indicate carrier lifetimes between 1.72 and 7.65 ns, while UV-Vis spectroscopy indicates a blue shift in absorption band edges from MAPbI3 to MAPbCl3. MAPbI3, the most promising candidate for solar cell applications, produces a PCE of 13.66% at a thickness of 250 nm, in contrast to MAPbBr3 and MAPbCl3, which produce 6.87% and 4.98% at a thickness of 500 nm, respectively. This research establishes a thorough comprehension of the structural, optical, and morphological properties of MAPbX3 perovskites, thereby facilitating the advancement of perovskite solar cell technology and the creation of more cost-effective solar energy solutions.

The incorporation of solar energy in agriculture presents a multitude of advantageous economic and environmental outcomes. This chapter examines the basic principles of solar energy, including its mechanisms and many technologies. The text explores practical implementations such as solar-powered irrigation systems, climate regulation in greenhouses, and solar-powered farm machinery. The potential of advanced technology such as agrivoltaics, solar-powered sensors, and vertical farming with solar integration is being investigated to optimize land usage, improve precision farming, and promote resource efficiency. The economic feasibility of utilizing solar energy in agriculture is proven by doing a comprehensive evaluation of costs and benefits, while also taking into account any available incentives. The focus is on the environmental benefits, such as the reduction of carbon emissions and the conservation of resources. Case studies from prominent nations and local examples of achievement demonstrate the wide range of uses for solar-integrated agriculture. Promising future possibilities encompass the development of advanced solar technology and improved efficiency.

This study presents a groundbreaking strategy in wearable electronics by combining wearable antennas with perovskite solar cells, enabling sophisticated communication capabilities while utilizing sustainable energy sources. The flexible and lightweight perovskite solar cells offer a viable alternative for sustainable power generation in wearable devices. The design process aims to create a synergistic architecture that avoids mutual interference between the antenna and solar cell. Perovskite solar cells transform solar energy into electrical power, which powers the wearable antenna and other low-power devices. Stable power supply is produced through efficient power management circuits, while performance optimization increases the gain and efficiency of the antenna and solar cell. The integrated device is made to last and be reliable, with potential applications in fitness tracking, smart textiles, and vital sign data transmission.

In this work we extend our previous work on that type material and already reported. The photoelectric behavior of perovskite CH₃NH₃PbI₃-x doped with Cl_x layers developed on TiO₂:FTO using the spin-coating method. Perovskite parameters of the unit cell are calculated by XRD. The developed layer’s morphology is shown the irregularity and porosity. In this work the to discover the behavior of developed perovskite layer on TiO₂:FTO and spectral analysis of this. Therefore, the analytic studies of this substance are having a bandgap∼1.60 eV and this is shown the order of perfect absorption coefficient and bandgap in the range of 400 nm thin layers. This thin layer help to develop solar material and its devices make highly efficient solar panel.